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从认知心理学角度探讨母语在英语学习中的积极作用(17)

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讨母语在英语学习中的积极作用

Thedevelopmentoflanguagetransferstudyhasexperiencedapproximatelythree

stages,namely,undertheguidanceofbelmviourism,interianguagetheoryand

cognitive

learning

theory

and

stillis

developing.Althoughbehaviourismwas

seriouslychallengedinthe70s,languagetransfer

all

phenomenon

itselfhasbeenplaying

focusofthe

increasingvitalpartintheSLAandithasremained

keenresearch

scholars.Sinceqarly80s,with

linguistsasdialectical

seriesofstudiesfrom

cognitive

psychologyby

Kellerman,languagetransferstudyhasreacheditspeakin

rationaland

way(Oass&Selinker,1993;Kellerman&Shat、ⅣoodSmith,19¥6;

treated

as

Odlin,1989).Languagetransferis

involvingmore

complicatedcognitivemechanism

followingviewpointsa托of

thanmerely

resultwhichis

seeable.The

themostsignificance.

Firstly,itiswidelythe

acceptaxlthatMTtransferin

SLAisunavoidable.TheCOreissueof

languagetransferstudyistheevaluationoftheMTsignificance.Schachter(1983)

thinksthatlearnersformhypothesisaboutTLusingtheknowledgeacquiredinpriorsimilartasks.Inhis

opinion,knowledge

here

govcrs

boththelearner’SMTand

acequiredtargetlanguageknowledge,and

ifpossible,anyotherlinguisticknowledge.

consists

ofinduction

to

Thisishisfamous‘'hypothesisandtesting'’theory,whichdeductionphases.Anyway,thestudyoftransfersuperficialnlles.

earl

and

the

never

beconfined

andindividualcharacteristicsbutbeconsidered

asa

manifesmtionofdeep

Secondly,MTtransfer

should

beapproachedfi-omamacroseopeperspectivedue

tOits

complexitiesinmechanism。Itshouldgobeyondtheleveloflanguage

structure

and

intothestudyofpsychological.culturalandsocialfactorsinrelationwitlltransfer.

The

differencesinlearner'sthoughtpattern

externalvariablesindiscourse

and

culturalcontext

will

produce

immediate

and

pragmatics

level.Therefore,these

variablesshouldbegivenappropriateattention.

Thirdly,diaehronicmethodshouldbepreferably

adoptedinthestudyof

MT

lransfer.

Danesi

and

Pietro(1991).after

severalyearsofstudy

on

the

s锄esubjects,proved

ll

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