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何凯文每日一句(2017考研)(8)

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何凯文2017考研每日一句(更新中) 坏_小星星

infrastructure provision 这里可以翻译为基础设施的建设 6. cost-benefit ratios 开支和收益比率

解析:1. A small infrastructure budget is not necessarily a bad thing, if the money is used wisely. (中英文语序基本一致。)

如果资金能够合理的利用的话,那么小额的基础设施预算也不一定就是坏事。 2. This often means spending on unsexy things—improving traffic lights and so forth—rather than big, expensive undertakings. (中英文语序基本一致。)

小额的预算常常意味着在一些普通的事情上花钱,比如改善交通信号灯等等,而不是投资到一些大型的或者昂贵的项目。

3. In 2006 Sir Rod Eddington, an Australian businessman, published a government-backed review of Britain’s infrastructure provision, warning against grand projects for having cost-benefit ratios that are often worse than other less-exciting transport projects. 主干:Sir Rod Eddington published a review.

其他成分: warning against grand projects for having cost-benefit ratios that are often worse than other less-exciting transport projects. 这个部分可以独立成句为: Review warns against…

Sir Rod Eddington warns against…

因为是这个写的这份报告,所以warns的主语既可以是人也可以是报告; grand projects for/ (grand projects ) having cost-benefit ratios

/ that= (cost-benefit ratios )are often worse than other less-exciting transport projects.

参考译文 :(早在)2006年,一位澳大利亚的商人,Rod Eddington爵士在政府的支持下出版了一份英国基础设施建设的报告(综述),对那些开支和收益率常常比其他小型交通项目更糟糕的大型项目提出了警告。

(也可以翻译为:出版了一份政府支持下的英国基础设施建设报告。)

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何凯文2017考研每日一句(更新中) 坏_小星星

明天的任务:

Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others. 今天的句子我希望大家都能动手翻译一下。这个阶段一定要读懂的句子!

莫问前路凶吉,但求落幕无悔 (十八)

定出计划,关注每天的任务是否完成,不去焦虑未来的效果,真学霸都是修成的! Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others. 词汇突破:1. Anthropology 人类学 Anthropologist 人类学家 2. rigorous: done carefully and with a lot of attention to detail. 谨慎的,细致的,彻底的

demanding that particular rules, processes, etc. are strictly followed. 严格的,严厉的; 3. document (动词)记录 4. a set of 一套

5. in that= because 因为引导状语从句;

解析:Anthropology is a science(主句) //(状语从句) in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations /(定语从句)that can be checked by others. 翻译的时候可以分为三个部分。

参考译文: 人类学是一门科学,因为人类学家采用一整套极细致的方法和技术来记录观测结果,同时这样记录下来的观测结果可供他人检验。

背景解析:一门学科能不能被定义为科学,要看这么学科是否符合“科学”的定义: 辞海中科学是这样定义的:运用范畴、定理、定律等思维形式反映现实世界各种现象的本质的规律的知识体系。

牛津字典的定义是:knowledge about structure and behavior of the natural and physical world, based on facts that you can prove, for example by experiments.

科学强调基于实证和数据分析;

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何凯文2017考研每日一句(更新中) 坏_小星星

心理学,人类学,经济学,这些学科算不算science? 一直都是大家在争论的问题。

SINCE its return to power last May, Britain’s Conservative government has made clear its intention to loosen the laws on Sunday trading by devolving decisions over shops’ opening hours to local councils. 同学们还记不记得devolve这个词!赶快翻看之前的句子!

背景介绍: 二战结束以后,英国工党(labor) 和保守党(conservative又叫 Tory托利党)轮流执政。工党政府在五十年代建立起来的国家福利体制,对英国和欧洲的发展有深远的影响,后来保守党执政并不改变工党的社会福利政策。免费教育和医疗体系非常健全。当年国务院副总理王震访英深受震撼,回来后成为邓小平同志改革开放政策的坚定支持者。

英国的劳动法也是很矫情的。商场周日上班时间就是中午12点到下午6点; 你要敢开门你就是违反劳动法; 但是政府准备放开这个规定:

The government says loosening the regulations would help the high street, which is struggling to compete with online retailers that trade seven days a week. Labour opposed the plan on the ground that workers could be forced to work when they do not want to. Tory traditionalists said Sunday should remain a day of rest.(今天的任务)

莫问前路凶吉,但求落幕无悔 (十九)

昨天句子的解析:

1.SINCE its return to power last May, /Britain’s Conservative government has made clear its intention to loosen the laws on Sunday trading /by devolving decisions over shops’ opening hours to local councils(独立成句). 词汇突破:1. Britain’s Conservative government 英国保守党政府 2. loosen the laws on Sunday trading 放松周日商业的法律规定

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何凯文2017考研每日一句(更新中) 坏_小星星

3. devolving decisions (over shops’ opening hours定语修饰decision) to local councils. Over=关于 Devolve A to B

将关于商店营业时间的决定权交给地方议会

参考译文:自从去年五月保守党重新执政以来,保守党政府就是明确表示他们有意放松对于周日交易的法律规定,并将关于商店营业时间的决定权交给地方议会。

2. The government says loosening the regulations would help the high street, /which is struggling to compete with online retailers that trade seven days a week.

词汇突破 1. loosen 放松

2. the high street 商业街是城镇主要商业街通用的一个转喻说法,可以直接称为“商业街”,在英国尤为常用。High Street通常是市中心商店和商家最集中的地方,也经常被用来指代零售业。 在美国、加拿大和爱尔兰则多用Main Street来指代商铺集中的商业街,苏格兰一些小乡镇和澳大利亚部分郊区也用这个说法。在牙买加、英格兰东北部以及加拿大和美国部分地区,主要的商业区则用Front Street表示。 3. trade 经营

参考译文:城市零售业正在与那些一天经营七天的网络零售商苦苦地竞争,政府认为放宽规定将有助于城市商业街的(经营)。

3. Labour opposed the plan on the ground that workers could be forced to work when they do not want to. Tory traditionalists said Sunday should remain a day of rest.(今天的任务) 词汇突破:Labour 工党

Tory traditionalists 传统的保守主义者;(在保守党里还要分为传统的保守主义者和新保守主义者,这里的传统保守主义者的看法和政府的看法还不一样。) 参考译文:工党反对政府的计划基于的理论是当工人不想工作的时候会被强迫去工作。

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何凯文2017考研每日一句(更新中) 坏_小星星

传统的保守主义者们也说周日应该是休息日。

今天的任务:

前段时间非常火爆的新闻就是人机围棋大战,韩国人输了,中国棋手不服,但是人工智能背后的逻辑到底是什么?经济学人的文字总是能触及到问题的本质,原文我附在后面了。给我印象最为深刻的几句话是下面的:

For now, he reckons, general-purpose machine intelligence remains a long way off. The pattern-recognising abilities of deep-learning algorithms(n.演算法; 运算法则; ( algorithm的名词复数 ) 计算程序; are impressive, but computers still lack many of the mental tools that humans take for granted. A big one is “transfer learning”, which is what AI researchers call reasoning by analogy. This is the ability to take lessons learned in one domain and apply them to another. And machines like AlphaGo have no goals, and no more awareness of their own existence than does a word processor or a piece of accounting software.

这对人工智能的不足表述的非常清楚,你读懂了吗?

周末了,能来看句子,给我支持的同学才是真正坚持的人!让我看到你们吧!加油!

莫问前路凶吉,但求落幕无悔 (二十)

For now, he reckons, general-purpose machine intelligence remains a long way off. The pattern-recognizing abilities of deep-learning algorithms(n.演算法; 运算法则;algorithm的名词复数 ) 计算程序; are impressive, but computers still lack many of the mental tools that humans take for granted. A big one is “transfer learning”, which is what AI researchers call reasoning by analogy. This is the ability to take lessons learned in one domain and apply them to another. And machines like AlphaGo have no goals, and no more awareness of their own existence than does a word processor or a piece of accounting software.

词汇突破:1. Reckon 认为 (这样的词最安全的就是翻译为认为。)

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