口译讲义(6)

(1)1，500可读one thousand five hundred，也可读fifteen hundred。“十亿”可读为one thousand million，也可读为one billion。150可读one hundred and fifty，也可读作one hundred fifty；这种读法省去了hundred和fifty之间的and。1，003可读one thousand and three，也可读作one thousand three。再如546，809，可读five hundred and forty-six thousand eight hundred and nine，也可读作five hundred forty-six thousand eight hundred nine，与前一种读法相比，这种读法中省去了两个and。也就是说，对于一个长的数字．连接十位数或个位数(在没有十位数的情况下)之间的and可读可不读。

(2)温度也会有两种不同的读法。23‘C可读作twenty-three degrees Centigrade，也可读作twenty-three degrees Celsius。—10.C可读作minus ten degrees Centigrade或Celsius，也可读作ten degrees Centigrade below zero或ten degrees Celsius below zero。

(3)小数的读法。0.5的读法各式各样，可读作point five．naught point five，zero point five，o point five。4.32通常读作four point three two，但是有时也会被读作four point thirty-two。

(4)百分比的读法。 0．1％除了可读成zero point one per cent和naught point one per cent外，我们还经常听到VOA, CNN等的播音员把它念成a tenth of a per cent；把3.5 %念成three and a half per cent。

(5)在体育比赛中，比分3：0可读作three nil，three nothing，three zero，three naught，three o，three zip，three love(用于网球)，也可读成three to zero，three to naught，three to nil，three to o，three to nothing。three to zip。

(6)时间08：00可读成eight hours，也可读成o eight hours，或eight hundred hours。14：00可读成fourteen hours．也可渎成fourteen hundred hours。24：00 GMT可读成24 hours Greenwich Mean Time．也可读成midnight Greenwich Mean Time。 (7)股票数字的读法：先来看一看五位数在股票中的读法。In Tokyo the Nikkei Average fell 67 to 19，615(BBC)．(东京的日经指数下跌了67点，为19，615点。)BBC播音员把19，615读成nineteen thousand six hundred and fifteen。但是在另一则报道中，BBC播音员对五位数字的读法就完全不同。In Tokyo the Nikkei Average rose 98 to 21，817．In Hongkong the Hang Seng fell 149 at 10．993(BBC)。

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(东京的日经指数上涨了98点，到达21，817点。香港恒生指数下跌了149点．为10，993点。)这里的21，817和10，993读成twenty-one eight one seven和ten nine nine three。但是，BBC播音员在1997年4月17日格林威治标准时9：05的World Business Report《世界财经报道》节目中报道，In Tokyo the Nikkei Average has risen by 62 points to 18，093．(在东京．日经指数已经上扬了62点，达到18，093点。)这里的18，093读成eighteen thousand and ninety-three。在这个五位数中，百位数是零，所以人们经常把它误听为18，930，把93误作为930。 8．正确的发音

不正确的发音会给提高听力带来很大困难。不少人把sugar中的S音误发成sail中的S音，所以他们无论如何也听不懂sugar。类似的例子很多，如colonel，lieutenant，sergeant，receipt，chaos，indict，choir，corps，epoch，marijuana，Juanita，Don Juan，等等。如果不掌握这些单词的正确发音，要听懂它们是很困难的。 （二）、如何抓住演讲、新闻以及报告的要点

1. 许多演讲者在演讲的过程中，往往会把讲话的要点写在黑板上或用投影器投影出来。有的演讲者会强调要点或重复这些要点。在这些情况下，听者是很容易抓住要点的。

但是，有的演讲者不喜欢这样做，有的演讲者根本就没有条件这样做。那么听者该怎样来抓住要点呢?

不少演讲者通常会使用一些语句来表示他们所要表达的要点。这些要点经常是用下列语句提示出来：

Today I would like to continue our discussion of? (今天我想继续我们对??的讨论。)

Today I‘d like to mention(discuss)?(今天我想提一提(讨论)??) Today I‘m going to talk about?(今天我打算谈谈??) Today I will be talking about?(今天我将谈谈??)

Today it‘s my turn to give the weekly oral report and the topic is? (今天轮到我来做一周的口头报告，题目是??) Today we‘ll look at?(今天我们将看一看??)

Today I would like to begin by discussing?(今天我想以讨论??作为开始。)

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I‘d like to begin my lecture by introducing．．．(我想以介绍??来开始我的讲座。) Now I‘d like to talk you about?(现在我想对你们谈谈??) One of my main goals in this course of?is? (这门??课程的主要目的之一是??)

One of the most important things about?is?(关于??最重要的一点是??) I would like to emphasize?(我想强调一下??)

It‘s important to note that?(特别值得一提的是??) ’ A related area would be?(一个有关的方面是??)

Welcome to this meeting and thank you for your interest in．．． (欢迎你们参加会议并感谢你们对??感兴趣。)

Another point to be discussed is?(要讨论的另外一点是??) Let‘s move on to another argument?(让我们转到另外一个论点??) Let‘s look back in history to?(让我们回顾历史上??)

Although I think?，I do think?(虽然我认为??，但是我确实认为??) As you know?(如你们所知??)

The general point you must keep in mind is?(你们必须牢记的要点是??) I repeat that?(我重复一下??)

2. 听新闻时怎么抓住要点?无论是听BBC，VOA，Radio Australia，还是听Radio Canada International或Radio New Zealand的新闻广播，每条新闻的第一句往往是该条新闻的提要，也就是该条新闻的要点。

我们先来看一看1995年11月19日16点BBC播送的新闻：A powerful explosion apparently caused by a bomb has devastated the Egyptian embassy in the Pakistan capital Islamabad killing at least 13 people．China is to make big cuts in trade tariffs to clear the way for membership of the World Trade 0rganization．The Americans say the Bosnian peace talk in Dayton，Ohio are balanced on a knife-edge and final decisions must be made soon．Voting is taking place in Poland in the second round of presidential elections, in which Leah Walensa is closely challenged by a former communist．(显然是由炸弹引起的强大爆炸摧毁了埃及驻巴基斯坦首都伊斯兰堡的大使馆，至少炸死了13人。中国准备大幅度降低贸易关税，为加入世

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界贸易组织扫清道路。美国人说在俄亥俄州代顿举行的波斯尼亚和平会谈处于举棋不定的状态，不久必须作出决定。第二轮总统选举正在波兰举行，瓦文萨受到前共产党人的有力挑战。)以上是新闻提要，下面是其中三条新闻的内容：There has been a powerful explosion outside the Egyptian embassy in the Pakistan capital Islamabad．Pakistani officials say the blast was caused by a bomb．The BBC correspondent in Islamabad says at least 1 3 people have been killed and many more wounded．He says the embassy building was severely damaged and that many of the casualties are thought to have been by—standers or people seeking visas to go to Egypt．Our correspondent says 8 large area near the embassy has been cordoned off while police carry out a search in case there are more explosives．The Egyptian ambassador was not in the building at the time of the explosion and was unhurt． China says it‘s cutting trade tariffs by at least 3 0％from next year．The announcement was made by President Jiang Zemin at the summit of the Asia—Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum in the Japanese city of Osaka．He said the decision would help regional cooperation and trade liberalization. Correspondents say China’s undertaking should help it gain access to the World Trade Organization．Other countries announcing trade reforms included Japan which said it was speeding up planned tariff cuts．The summit ended with a declaration reaffirming the target of free trade in the region within 25 years．The 18 member countries of the Forum include the United States，Japan，Australia，Canada，Chile and Malaysia，and account for more than 4 0％ of world trade．

The Bosnian peace talks in the United States have reached a critical stage after a long day of intense negotiations．The American State Department spokesman Nicholas Burns described the talks as“balanced on a knife—edge”．He stressed an agreement was within reach，but said the goal remained a comprehensive rather than a partial one．American officials are emphasizing final decision must be made soon．Bosnian government radio said chances of a comprehensive agreement were 50—50．A BBC correspondent at the talks in Dayton，0hio said pressure on all parties is intense with the Bosnian Muslims in particular being asked for territorial concessions

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they find hard to make．

现在让我们再来看一看1996年4月1日16点BBC广播的新闻：Ministers from the leading industrialized countries are meeting to discuss how to tackle growing unemployment in the face of technological change and free market forces．The commander of Russian military forces in Chechnya says all oppositions have ended in line with the cease-fire ordered by President Yeltsin．China has cut many import tariffs in an attempt to strengthen its bid to join the World Trade Organization．And the world‘s biggest bank has opened in Tokyo．(来自主要工业发达国家的部长们正在举行会议，讨论如何解决面对技术变革和自由市场劳动力而日益增长的失业问题。俄罗斯在车臣的军事力量指挥官说，根据叶利钦总统颁布的停火令，所有的敌对行动都结束了。中国已经降低了许多进口关税，以争取加入世界贸易组织。世界上最大的银行在东京开业。)以上是新闻提要．下面是新闻内容：Ministers from the Group of Seven leading industrialized countries are meeting today in the French city of Leo to discuss how to tackle unemployment．Through G 7 members，Japan and Germany have reached their highest levels of unemployment since the Second World War and across the European Union as a whole，more than 1 8 million people are out of work．The BBC Europe business correspondent says there‘s little sign they will achieve a unified approach．He says the United States and Britain tend to favor a free labor market while some of Britain‘s partners in Europe want to emphasize the preservation of workers’rights and benefits．

The Russian military commander in Chechnya says his troops have halted all military operations in the republic following President Yeltsin‘s announcement that the Russian offensive would end at midnight Sunday．However．he said Russian forces had come under fire 11 times during the night and would respond if attacked．Soon after the deadline passed，the French News Agency reported continued shelling south of the capital Grozny．Mr. Yeltsin‘s new peace initiative and his offer to open negotiations with the Chechen separatists through intermediaries has been received with skepticism by the rebels．A BBC correspondent in Moscow says they are unlikely to give up their struggle unless Chechen independence is placed on the

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