丰田系列ABS故障诊断方法的探讨

摘 要

摘 要

随着现代汽车工业和道路交通运输行业的高速发展，道路交通事故的发生频率也越来越高，由此产生了车祸死亡率不断升高的难题，使人们的生命财产遭受巨大的损失。因此，为了提高道路交通行驶的安全性，各汽车生产制造商相继研发了汽车安全措施中继安全带之后的又一重大成果——汽车防抱死制动系统，简称 ABS（Anti－Lock Brake System）系统。

汽车防抱死制动系统，是利用电子电路自动控制车轮制动力，并可以充分发挥制动器的效能，提高制动减速度和缩短制动距离，且能有效地提高车辆制动地稳定性，放置车辆侧滑和甩尾，减少车祸；ABS 既有普通制动系统的制动功能，又能防止车轮锁死，使汽车在制动状态下仍能转向，保证汽车的制动方向稳定性，防止产生侧滑和跑偏，是目前汽车上最先进、制动效果最佳的制动装置。但要保证系统在运行使用过程中的稳定性和控制故障发生的频率，如何更快速更有效地解决 ABS 系统中出现的各种故障，是汽车维修保养领域的重要课题。

本文将详细介绍汽车防抱死制动系统的工作原理和常见故障，以及故障的诊断和解决方法。主要是针对丰田汽车系列的 ABS 故障诊断方法进行探讨。在相对较难解决的电子电路故障区，文中将结合案例进行论述，对整个检测流程的操作步骤以及检测设备的正确使用方法等一一加以说明。另外，文中还会介绍从故障现象去判断故障所在区域这一要点，从而可更符合实际生产来实现运用价值，提高企业的工作效率。在使用检测设备读取故障代码时，应注意的细节也会在文中列出。

而诊断 ABS 故障的技术方法是本文的核心，论文中将以国产丰田品牌汽车为主要车款对其进行 ABS 故障诊断方法的探讨。

最后，本文在实际案例的基础上筛选出常见故障的快速解决方法，以在实际维修当中能有效运用。

关键词：丰田汽车； ABS； 故障； 诊断方法； 探讨

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Abstract Abstract

With the modern automobile industry and road transport industry of rapid development, the frequency of road traffic accidents is also increasing, resulting in a traffic accident mortality rates continue to increase the difficulty of making people's lives and property suffered great losses. Therefore, in order to enhance road traffic on the safety, motor vehicle production manufacturers have developed a car safety seat belt relay after another major achievement - Anti-lock braking system, or ABS (Anti-Lock Brake System) System.

Anti-lock braking system is the use of electronic circuits control wheel braking force, and can give full play to brake performance, improve braking by the speed and reduce the braking distance and can effectively improve vehicle braking stability, Placing vehicle skidding and tail flick, reducing traffic accidents; ABS brake system of the existing ordinary braking function, but also to prevent wheel lock so that the car under braking can to ensure that the direction of vehicle braking stability , To prevent skidding and deviation, is currently the most advanced car, braking effect of the best brakes. However, to ensure that systems used in the operation in the process of stability and control the frequency of failure, how to more quickly address more effectively the ABS system in the various failures, vehicle maintenance areas is an important subject.

This paper will detail the Anti-lock brakinystem and the principle of common fault and the fault diagnosis and solution. Is mainly directed against China's production of the Toyota assembly line of ABS fault diagnosis method to explore. In a relatively more difficult to solve the electronic circuit fault zone, the text will be discussed with a case, the entire testing process steps and testing equipment such as the proper use January 1 to illustrate. In addition, the text will be introduced from the failure to determine fault in the region that point, which can be more in line with actual production to achieve the use value,

Increase their work efficiency. In the use of fault detection equipment to read the code, they should pay attention to the details will be listed in the text.

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Abstract The ABS fault diagnosis technology is the core of this paper; the paper will be China-made Toyota brand cars as the main vehicle of the ABS fault their methods of diagnosis.

Finally, in actual cases selected on the basis of common fault of rapid solution to the actual maintenance of effective use.

【Key words】：Toyota automobile； Anti－Lock Brake System；

Fault；Diagnostic Method；III

Discussion

目 录 目 录

摘 要 .................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ................................................................................ II 第一章 绪论 .............................................................................. 1 第二章 ABS系统简概 ................................................................. 3 2.1 概述 ........................................................................................... 3 2.2 ABS系统的基本组成 .................................................................. 3 第三章 ABS系统的检测方法 ....................................................... 7 3.1 车轮转速传感器的检测方法 ........................................................ 7 3.1.1 传感器线圈电阻的检测 .......................................................... 7 3.1.2 转子齿圈的检测 ..................................................................... 8 3.1.3 感应检查法 ............................................................................ 9 3.1.4 集成电路轮速传感器检测方法[6] ........................................... 10 3.2 ABS电脑电子控制单元故障检测方法 ........................................ 13 3.2.1 ABS正常工作的典型特征 ...................................................... 14 3.2.2 ABS电脑系统有故障时的典型特征 ........................................ 14 3.2.3 根据ABS警告灯状态判断故障原因 ....................................... 15 3.2.4 ABS系统故障的初步检查 ...................................................... 16 3.2.5 ABS系统ECU的检测方法 ...................................................... 16 3.3 ABS系统检修应注意的问题[5] ................................................... 17 3.4 丰田凌志LS400型轿车ABS系统电脑故障代码提取及检修方法 . 18 3.4.1 故障代码的读取方法[3] ......................................................... 18 3.4.2 故障代码表及清除方法 ........................................................ 18 3.5 ABS故障诊断的基本方法[4] ...................................................... 20 3.6 ABS故障诊断的基本流程 ......................................................... 21 3.7 ABS无故障码故障的诊断技巧 ................................................... 21 第四章 丰田轿车系列常见ABS故障维修案例 .............................. 27 4.1 轿车没有防抱死功能[4] .............................................................. 27 4.2 ABS警告灯常亮 ....................................................................... 28 4.3 轿车两后轮制动抱死 ................................................................. 30 4.4 紧急制动时ABS失效[4] ............................................................ 31 4.5 轿车ABS灯常亮，ABS失效[4] .................................................. 32 4.6 轿车ABS警告灯常亮 ............................................................... 35

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目 录 结 论 ....................................................................................... 37 参考文献 .................................................................................. 39 致 谢 ............................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

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