PBS改性研究

PBS改性研究

STUDY ON POLY(BUTYLENES SUCCINATE) MODIFICATION

专 业：高分子材料与工程

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指 导 教 师： 教授 申请学位级别： 学 士 论文提交日期：

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摘 要

聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)是良好的生物降解高分子材料，具有十分重要的理论研究与实际应用价值。然而，由于PBS熔体强度低，在实际加工时存在很大的问题。不能用流延、吹塑等工艺进行成型加工，大大阻碍了PBS应用的拓展。

针对上述不足之处，实验采用扩链手段和交联手段对PBS进行改性研究。分别选用甲苯2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)为扩链剂，过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为交联剂。

使用乌氏粘度计、索氏抽提器对改性体系的特性粘数和交联度进行测定；使用哈克转矩流变仪、毛细管流变仪、差示扫描量热仪、万能拉力测试机等手段测试了改性体系的加工性能，流变性能，结晶与热性能，以及力学性能等。研究了扩链剂和交联剂用量对改性体系性能的影响。

结果表明，随着TDI用量的增加，PBS改性体系的特性粘数逐渐增大，加工体系的平衡扭矩提高，熔体粘度呈现出增大的趋势，从而熔体强度增大。通过扩链反应，结晶温度提高，结晶度降低，熔点升高，拉伸强度变化不大，当TDI用量为1.0wt%时，拉伸强度最大。

随着BPO用量的增加，PBS改性体系的交联度逐渐增大，加工性能得到改善，熔体粘度大幅提高，从而熔体强度增大。交联度的增大使得改性体系的结晶温度提高，结晶度和熔点均降低，拉伸强度呈现出先增大后减小的趋势。

关键词：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)； 改性； 扩链； 交联； 性能

I

ABSTRACT

Poly(butylenes succinate)(PBS) is a kind of biodegradable polymer materials. It has very important significance in the theoretical research and practical application. However, there is a big problem in the actual process due to its low melt strength. It can not be used in flow casting, blow molding and other forming processes, which greatly limits the expansion of the PBS application.

In response to solve these shortcomings, some methods such as chain extending and cross-linking were used to the PBS modification research. TDI was chosen as chain extender while BPO was chosen as crosslinking agent.

Ubbelohde viscometer and extraction apparatus were used to measure intrinsic viscosity and crosslinking degree of the modified system. Meanwhile, processing property, rheological property, crystallization and thermal property, and mechanical properties were studied by Haake torque rheometer, capillary rheometer, differential scanning calorimetry and universal tension testing machine. The effects of TDI and BPO content on system properties were also researched.

The results showed that, the intrinsic viscosity of the PBS modified system increased gradually with the increase of TDI content, the balance torque of processing system and the melt strength increased, melt viscosity also had a increasing trendency. By chain extending reaction, crystallization temperature and melting point increased while the degree of crystallinity decreased. Tensile strength had little change, when the content of TDI is 1.0wt%, tensile strength was the greatest.

Besides, with the content increasing of BPO, the PBS modifying system,s crosslinking degree increased, processing property was improved, melt viscosity and melt strength increased greatly. The increase of crosslinking degree made crystallization temperature increased, the degree of crystallinity and melting point decreased, tensile strength had a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing.

Key words: Poly(butylenes succinate)(PBS); modification; chain extending;

crosslinking modification; property

II

目 录

1 前言 .............................................................................................. 1

1.1 生物降解高分子材料的概述 ........................................................... 1 1.2 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)概述.......................................................... 2 1.3 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)改性研究进展 ......................................... 4 1.4 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)改性研究中存在的问题 ......................... 8 1.5 本课题研究的目的意义及内容 ....................................................... 9

2 实验部分 .................................................................................... 10

2.1 实验仪器表 ..................................................................................... 10 2.2 实验原料.......................................................................................... 10 2.3 PBS改性工艺 ................................................................................. 10 2.4 PBS改性材料的制备 ..................................................................... 11 2.5 PBS改性材料性能测试样品的制备 ............................................. 11 2.6 PBS改性材料的性能测试 ............................................................. 12

3 结果与讨论 ................................................................................ 14

3.1 PBS扩链反应方程 ......................................................................... 14 3.2 TDI用量对体系特性粘数的影响 .................................................. 14 3.3 TDI用量对体系加工及流变性能的影响 ...................................... 15 3.4 TDI用量对体系结晶及热性能的影响 .......................................... 17 3.5 TDI用量对体系力学性能的影响 .................................................. 19 3.6 PBS交联反应方程 ......................................................................... 19 3.7 BPO用量对体系交联度的影响..................................................... 20

III

3.8 BPO用量对体系加工及流变性能的影响 .................................... 21 3.9 BPO用量对体系结晶及热性能的影响 ........................................ 23 3.10 BPO用量对体系力学性能的影响 .............................................. 25

4 结论 ............................................................................................ 27 参考文献 .......................................................................................... 29 致 谢 .............................................................................................. 31

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