新东方2011年最新英语四级词汇笔记(7)

新东方四级词汇 第31页

A competing B to compete C to be competed D having competed the right to vote 选举权。 动词不定式作后置定语要用主动形式。 the pressure to compete 竞争的压力。

49. As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think _C_. A have to be said B must say C ought to be said D need to say

50. Once environmental damage _A_, it takes many years for the system to recover. A is done B is to do C does D has done

51. Studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought, _B_ a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction. A as for B such as C in case of D in view of contribute to 对…做出贡献。

52. He will agree to do what you require _D_ him. A for B from C to D of

require sth. of sb. 要求某人做某事。

53. The mere fact _A_ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.

A that B which C what D why fact后面要加同位语从句。

54. John seems nice person. _C_, I don't trust him. A Even though B Therefore C Even so D Though even so 即便如此，尽管如此。

55. I don't think it advisable that Tom _A_ to the job since he has no experience. A be assigned B will be assigned C is assigned D has been assigned advisable后面加句子要用虚拟语气，形式为：（should）+ 动词原形。

56. _D_, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.

A Other things to be equal B Were other things equal C To be equal to other things D Other things being equal B项如果不省略if应为：If other things were equal 如果从句用虚拟语气，主句也必须用虚拟语气形式。 other things being equal 在这里是独立主格做条件状语。

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57. _C_ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better. A For B Since C Now D Despite 注意以下三个后面加句子的表达形式：

1 in that 由于，因为； 2 now that 既然，由于； 3 except that 除了…之外。 59. By 1929, Mickey Mouse was as popular _B_ children as Coca-Cola. A for B with C to D in

be popular with + 人的群体 受…欢迎。

60. Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _A_ his opinion. A stuck to B strove for C stuck at D stood for

be convinced of 深信，确信； stick to 坚持； strive for 力求，拼命争取。 Don’t strive for perfection. 不要凡是都力求达到完美状态。 -------------------------XXXX-XX------------------------- 48. It’s no use _B_ me not to worry. A you tell B your telling C for you to have told D having told

It's no use + 动名词。 动名词的复合结构，宾格（形容词性物主代词）+ 动名词。 52. If it _A_ too much trouble, I’d love a cup of tea. A isn’t B wasn’t C weren’t D hadn’t been 一般日常用语，用一般时。

56. She was glad that her success would ___ for the women who would follow. A make things easier B make it easier C be easier D be easier to make make for 导致，促成；朝某个方向前进，走向那里。

不要选有代词指代不明的选项。 A项中的things指的是境况，境遇。 60. We object _C_ punishing a whole group for one person’s fault. A against B about C to D for

68. The newest satellite can _A_ a thousand telephone conversations and a color TV program at the same time.

A carry B extend C bring D take

carry vt. 传送，传输； extend vt. 延伸，延续（extend to 延伸到，延续到）。 fetch vt. 去拿来，去请来，去叫来； fetch water 打水。 -------------------------1995-01-------------------------

41. The grey building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts _B_. [spare parts新东方四级词汇 第33页

零部件]

A are producing B are produced C produced D being produced

48. _A_ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at least a master's degree. A To become B Become C One become D On becoming

master's degree 硕士学位； 当介词on后面加动词ing形式时表示时间概念“在…之后”。 49. The little man was _C_ more than one metre fifty tall. A nearly B quite C hardly D almost hardly more than 不足，不到。

36. The little man was _B_ one metre fifty high. A almost more than B hardly more than C nearly more than D as much as 53. Medical care reform has become this country's most important public health _C_. A question B stuff C matter D issue

matter 事物，事情； question 有疑而问，并且有待回答的问题；

questions and answers Q & A 问与答； issue n. 问题（强调的是政治方面的问题）。 1999年前，台湾问题Taiwan issue；1999年后，台湾问题Taiwan question，态度转变。 60. If you don't like to swim, you _B_ stay at home. A should as well B may as well C can as well D would as well may as well 还是，到不如。

70. They are teachers and don't realize _A_ to start and run a company. A what it takes B what takes it C what they take D what takes them start and run a company 创立并经营一家公司。 -------------------------1996-06-------------------------

23. A healthy life is frequently thought to be _D_ with the open countryside and homegrown food. A tied B bound C involved D associated

be involved with 牵涉，卷入； be associated with 与...相关，联系起来。 homegrown food 自家种的食品； wine 葡萄酒； house wine 自家的酒。

33. The traditional approach _A_ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.

A to dealing B in dealing C dealing D to deal approach n. 方式，方法； approach to + 动名词。 43. It's already 5 o'clock now. Don't you think it's about time _C_? 新东方四级词汇 第34页

A we are going home B we go home C we went home D we can go home it's about time后面加句子，要用一般过去时来体现虚拟语气。

44. Lightning is a _A_ of electrical current from a cloud to the ground or from one cloud to another. [Lightning n. 闪电]

A rush B rainbow C rack D ribbon

rush n. 冲撞，冲击，撞击； rainbow n. 彩虹，幻想； rack n. 支架，挂架； ribbon n. 缎带，丝带，绒带。

46. I've already told you that I'm going to buy it, _A_. A however much it costs B however does it costs much C how much does it cost D no matter how it costs

however在这里不表示转折，而是句子的引导词，这种情况下它相当于：no matter how。 意思是，我已经决定要买了，不管多少钱。

47. New York _A_ second in the production of apples, producing 850,000,000 pounds this year. [rank 排名，名列第几，强调名列前茅；Big Apple 纽约] A ranked B occupied C arranged D classified

第5课

虚拟语气

一、虚拟语气的规则用法： 1主、从句都表示与过去事实相反： 从句的谓语动词用：had + 动词过去分词；

主句的谓语动词用：情态动词 + have + 动词过去分词。

注意：能用于虚拟语气的情态动词只有四个：should, could, would, might. 使用哪一个情态动词要由句子含义决定，考试中出现最多的是could, would. 2 主、从句都表示与现在事实相反：

从句的谓语动词用：动词过去式（如果是be则只能用were） 主句的谓语动词用：情态动词 + 动词原形。 3 主、从句都表示与将来事实相反：

从句的谓语动词用：were to + 动词原形（重点）、should + 动词原形、动词过去式； 主句的谓语动词用：情态动词 + 动词原形。

新东方四级词汇 第35页

二、虚拟语气的特殊应用：

1 would rather + 句子，这时句子谓语动词用一般过去时来体现虚拟语气。 2 if only 如果，要是...就好了，if only + 句子，这时句子一定要用虚拟语气。 有两种形式可以体现虚拟语气：

a. 如果该句子如果表示与现在或将来事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。 b. 如果该句子如果表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。 70. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _B_ your advice. A follow B had followed C would follow D have followed

47. If only the committee _D_ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible A approve B will approve C can approve D would approve

注意：当if only后的句子表示与现在或将来事实相反，该用动词过去式来表示虚拟语气，而选项中又没有时，可以采用这种形式：would + 动词原形。

3 当以下动词后加句子时，句子应用虚拟语气，句子谓语动词的形式是：（should）+ 动词原形。 a. 表示建议、提议的：suggest, advise, propose, recommend, move. [move只有在表达在会议上提出提议时后面加虚拟语气] b. 表示要求的：ask, demand, require, request, desire. c. 表示指挥、命令的：order, command, direct. d. 表示坚持，坚持认为的：insist.

4 it is + 第三点中动词的过去分词 + that引导的从句。 这样的结构中从句谓语动词形式为：（should）+ 动词原形。 以下几个形容词置于该结构中时也要用相同的形式来体现虚拟语气： important, necessary, essential, obligatory（有义务的，强制性的，必须的）。 5 第三点中动词相应的名词形式 + that引导从句，该从句同样要用虚拟语气， 谓语动词形式为：（should）+ 动词原形。

经常用于这种结构的词有：suggestion, advice, proposal, recommendation, motion. 6 以下一些表达方式所在的句子一定要用虚拟语气。 or(表示否则), otherwise, unless, but for(若不是，若非)

当遇到含有以上四个表达方式的句子时，先要判断该句是表示与现在、过去、还是将来事实相反，然后依照相应的虚拟语气规则用法的形式来确定句子结构。 含有下面三个表达方式的句子体现虚拟语气的形式是固定的： lest(以免，防备), for fear that(惟恐), on condition that(在..条件下)

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