成人学位英语

? 考试介绍

? 试卷包括五个部分：阅读理解、词语用法与语法结构、挑错、完形填空和英汉互译。

共85题。

? 第一部分：阅读理解，三篇短文（每篇900词），每篇文章后有五个问题，共15题，

考试时间40分钟。（30%）

? 第二部分：词语用法和语法结构，共30题，考试时间25分钟。（30%） ? 第三部分：挑错，共10题，考试时间10分钟。（10%） ? 第四部分：完形填空， 一篇文章（约200词），共20题，考试时间15分钟。 （10%） ? 第五部分：翻译，共10题，考试时间30分钟。（20%） 语法

? 时态

? 语态：被动语态 ? 情态动词: 完成时 ? 虚拟语气 ? 非谓语动词

? 各种从句（主、宾、表、定、状、同位语从句） ? 主谓一致 ? 倒装句 ? 强调句

动词的时态、语态及情态动词 时态

? 一般现在式：

1.表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态：常和always, usually, often ,sometimes, every day等时间状语连用。

2.表示普遍的真理。由于是众所周知的客观事实， 所以一般不用时间状语。 3.有些表示心理状态或感情的动词往往用一般现在时。

? 考试重点

? 在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作：常用的连词有as soon as,

when, till ,if，unless , the moment等。

1.Once you ___the theory, you will have no further difficulty.

A. understand B. will understand C. understood D. have understood 2.When the mixture ______, it will give off a powerful force.

A. will heat B. will be heated C. is heated D. has heated

3.They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they ________their exams. A. have finished B. finish C. finished D. was finishing

? 一般过去时：表示过去的动作或状态： 常和过去时间状语连用：just now, last year,

an hour ago 等。

You've already missed too many classes this term .You ____two classes just last week.

A. missed B. would miss C. had missed D. have missed used to do sth ：过去常常做… be used to doing sth: 习惯于做某事 I _____ take a walk in the morning.

A used to B am used toC was used toD use to

? It is high time (that )…句型中， 谓语动词用过去时

Don’t you think it is time you _____smoking?

A. give up B. gave up C. would give up D. should give up ? 一般将来时

1.will (shall)+原形动词： 表示将来的动作或状态。

2.be going to +动词原形： 表示马上就要发生的事情或打算好要做的事。 3.be to +动词原形： 表示安排或计划好了的动作。 4.be about to +动词原形： 表示即将发生的动作。

? 某些表示开始、终结、往来行动的动词如：go ,come, begin, arrive， leave 等的

现在进行时可表示将来。

1.Is the party almost over?

I think so. A lot of people __ to leave.

A is beginning B begin C are beginning D have beginning 2.I won’t be free Friday morning. I ___ a friend off.

A am seeing B shall be seen C have seen D shall have seen ? 动词进行时的形式：

? 现在进行时： am/is/doing ? 过去进行时：was/were/doing

有些瞬间动词或表示状态的动词不能用于进行时态。如appear, believe, declare, hate, have ,hear, know, like, love, need, own, seem, see, sound, taste, want, wish等。 when 和while 的用法；

1）I fell and hurt myself while I _____tennis.

A. was playing B. am playing C. play D. played 2）When you ______this over with her, you should not see her any more.

A. talk B. talked C. will talk D. talking

3.One of the guards _____ when the general came in, which made him very angry.

A. has slept B. were sleeping C, slept D. was sleeping

? when作并列连词，表示“(这时)突然”之意时，表示时间上的点，引导的并列分句用

一般过去时,另一个并列分句用过去进行时。

? while表示持续的一段时间，引导的句子用过去进行时。 动词完成时的形式：

? 现在完成时：has/have +done ? 过去完成时：had done

? 将来完成时：shall/will have done

现在完成时：表示过去某时开始的动作一直延续到现在， 并且可能会继续延续下去

? 常见时间词：just, yet, already, lately, recently, this year ? since+时间点+过去时 ? for+时间段

_____ has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he ______ to China?

A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived ? 英语中有些动词不能延续， 因此不能和表示延续的时间状语连用。 1.He has _____the army for ten years and is now an officer.

A. gone into B. joined in C. been in D. come into 2.Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began

? have (has) been to 和have (has)gone to 的区别 have (has )been to ：去过某地（表示某人的一种经历）， 可以和once, twice, often , never ,ever 连用。

have (has) gone to ： 去某地了（表示某人已经离开此地， 在去某地的路途上或已在某地， 所以一般来说此句型只用于第三人称）。

1.Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .

Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been ? 在“This is the first time…”结构中，后面的从句用现在完成时。也可以用it代替this 2.This is the first time that I ______ Jane.

A have met B meet C had met D met

1.在“It/This is +形容词最高级+名词后面的从句中，用现在完成时。 ? This is one of the best books she has ever read. 2.在“It is/has been +时间段+since…后边用过去时。” ? It has been twenty years since I ___ my hometown. A had left B left C have left D leave 过去完成时

? 表示在过去的某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作（即过去的过去）。这个过去

的某一时间可用by, before等介词或连词引导的短语或一个从句来表示。

1.Anne asked Tom ____the key.

A. When he left B. where he had left C. How he left D. why did he left

2.About the sixth century A.D. when few Europeans could read, the Chinese _____ paper. A. invented B. had invented C. have invented D. had been invented

? 表示从过去某一时间开始， 一直持续到另一个过去的时间的动作。 The chemistry class _______for five minutes when we hurried there.

A. had been on B. was on C. has been on D. would be on

? 过去完成时常用在no sooner …than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…一…就…句

型之中， 句子倒装。

1.Scarcely had the baby cried ____ the nurse rushed to carry him.

A. than B. when C. as D. while

2.No sooner had they got the goods covered up ____it started raining hard.

A. when B. than C. then D. after ? 将来完成时

? 表示在将来某一时间以前完成的动作。

? By the time next year, I shall(will) have lived here for 20 years. 1.By the time John gets home, his aunt______. （1995年25题)

A. will have B. leaves C. will have left D. is leaving 2.By next year he ____ in New York for five years.

A has worked B has been working C works D will have worked 现在完成进行时

? 表示从过去某时一直延续到现在的一个动作， 这个动作一般会继续延续下去，或

是到说话时结束， 但是强调到说话时为止一直在做的动作。 ? have/has + been +doing

I ______on the door for ten minutes now without an answer.

A. was knocking B. am knocking C. knocking D. have been knocking

句子中大多数情况下时态要统一，但在特殊情况下存在时态的不一致。

? The teacher said that the Yellow River ___ the second largest river in China.

A was B is C would be D had been

被动语态

被动语态的形式

I am praised

I have been praised I am being praised

She was praised He had been praised We were being praised

He will be praised

They will have been praised I should be praised 考试重点：

l 感官动词和使役动词的被动语态。 l 情态动词的被动语态。 l 用主动表示被动的含义

感官动词及使役动词（如：see, feel , hear, watch, make）在主动语态中用无to 不定式做宾补， 改为变动语态时要加to 。

The middle-aged man was seen _____out of the house on the afternoon of the murder.

? A. came B. come C. to come D. have come

Because of many mistakes, she was made ___ these letters again.

A type B to typing C typed D to type

情态动词的被动语态：构成：情态动词+be +过去分词。

The work must be finished before lunch. 用主动表示被动的含义。常用：need/require +doing sth (=to be done) (此句型主语大多为物) My room is a mess. It needs _______.

A to be tidying up B. tidying up C. to tidy up D. tidied up It is hot and dry; the flowers need____.

A being watered B be watered C to water D to be watered

少数几个不及物动词如clean, read, sell, wash等以及表示状态或特征的系动词如appear, prove, seem, sound等用主动语态表达被动意义。 The book ___ well.

A is sold B sells C has been sold D sell 情态动词

考试重点：情态动词+完成时

must +现在完成时：表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测。

Mr. Green _______my letter, otherwise he would have replied before now. （1998年44题）

A. must have received B. must have failed to receive C. must receive D. must fail to receive

Since this road is wet and slippery this morning, it ____ last night.

A must rain B was raining C must have rained D may rain may/might +have done 表示不太确定的推测。

I can’t find the recorder in the room. It ___ by somebody.

A must have takenB may have takenC may have been takenD should have been taken

should (ought to )+完成时： 表示应该做的事情而没有做， 否定式表示不该做的事情却做了。含有对过去的动作的责备、批评。

1.You ought __ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday. A to report B to have reported C to reporting D have reported

2.I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, I ______him earlier.

A had a telephone B have phoned C should have phoned D should be phoned 3.Sorry, officer. I ____ at 80 miles but I didn’t see any sign in the area telling people how fast they can drive.

A should not drive B shouldn’t have driven C mustn’t drive D can’t drive could +完成时：表示能做的事情而没有做。表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜， 遗憾。 He gave up a career that ____ to his final success.

A could have led B would lead C should have led D must lead ? 虚拟语气 虚拟语气的基本形式

1.表示与现在情况相反的虚拟语气 2.If+主语+were/v-ed(动词过去式)

3.主句主语+would (should/could/might) +动词原形.

If I the meaning of the word, I have to look it up. ? A. know, wouldn’t B. have known, wouldn’t ? C. knew, wouldn’t D. don’t know, would

Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people _____the same language?

A. spoke B. speak C. had spoken D. will speak 表示与过去情况相反的虚拟语气 If +主语+had done(过去完成式)

主句主语+would (should/could/might)+ have done. 1.If Bob____ with us, he would have had a good time.

A. would come B. would have come C. had come D. came 2.If you what he said, you could have avoided repeating such a bad mistake.

A、paid attention to B、had paid attention to C、noticed D、had noticed to ? 表示与将来情况相反的虚拟语气 If+主语+should/were to do

主句主语+ would (should/could/might) +动词原形. If the sun ______in the west, I would follow you.

A. were to rise B. was to rise C. had risen D. would rise 错综时间句中，虚拟条件句和主句动作发生的时不一致，这时主句和从句的谓语动词应当根据各自所指的时间选用适当的形式.

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