desert give up
abandoned all hope of finding an effective way
abandon themselves to drugs abandon it to the dog． with abandon
The abandonment of the project
3) During the Second World War，millions of people
throughout the world________ (离弃家园) 4) _______________________ (不要悲观失望) though in great difficulty. 单项填空
As time goes on, fewer and fewer old men are in the
countryside. （2010·01·山东青岛模块检测） abandon B. to abandon
C. abandoning D. being abandoned abandoned their homes.
Do not abandon yourself to despair D
5.reflect vt. 映射；反射 vi. & vt. 思考。
“反射,照出,映出”,指反射光、热、声音等,也指镜子或水面照的映像. 引申可作“反映,表明”解,也可作“考虑”解。 [重点用法]
reflection n． 反射；反映；思考；沉思 reflective adj．反射的；反映的；沉思的 reflect on/upon 思考，反省 reflect sth. from sth. 反射 [典例]
1) Her severe look___________________________________． 她那冷峻的神情反映出她心中的真正感受。
2)_________________________________．镜子能反射光线。 3) I ______________________possible reasons for my failure． 我仔细考虑导致我失败的种种原因。
4)The light____________________________my eyes. 光线从水面反射进我的双眼 reflected how she really felt Mirrors reflect light． reflected on
reflected from the water into
[练习]用reflect的相关介词或正确形式填空.
1)The moon appears a _______ surface of the lake．
2)After a minute‘s _____ ，he answered．
3)The plan ________ which he reflected was ridiculous．
4)The problems ________ at discussion are to be dealt at tomorrow?s meeting. reflective reflection on
reflected
6.aware adj. 意识到的；知道的 [重点用法]
unaware adj. 不察觉的, 不知道的 awareness n.. 知道, 晓得
be／become aware of sth．意识到某事
be aware that-clause知道??；意识到?? make sb．aware that-clause提醒某人注意?? make sb．aware of?让某人注意到??
as far as I know = as far as I ’m aware 据我所知
注意：aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of， 但在what从句前必须用of。 [典例]
1) He wasn't ___________ the danger．他没有意识到危险。 2) Is she aware _______________________? 她知道我要来吗? 3)There is_____________________ that smoking is harmful. 人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
4)This incident has __________________ the economic crisis. 这件事提高了公众对经济危机的认识。 aware of
that I'm coming? general awareness
sharpened public awareness of
[练习] 用恰当的介词或aware恰当的词性填空。
Also when you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself continuously aware ______ situations that will bring you nearer to your goal．
2)The principal didn?t seem to be aware_______ there should have been so much dispute about the decision．
3) Health officials throughout the world have tried to make people raise______ about AIDS.
4) Mike seems______ of the trouble he?s causing, otherwise
he would stop it． of that
awareness unaware
7.scare v. 受惊吓；恐吓；吓走 n. 惊吓；惊恐 [重点用法]
scaring/ scary adj． 令人害怕的；吓人的
scared adj． 受惊吓的；感到害怕的 be scared of?(=be afraid of) 遇到?(某种事物或行为)而害怕 be scared to do．··(=be afraid to do)不敢做?? be scared to death吓死了
scare sb. away/off 把某人吓跑
scare sb. into /out of doing sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事 [典例]
You _____________________coming in so quietly． 你这么悄悄地进来吓了我一跳。
2) Most girls __________________light the firework. 大多女孩不敢放烟花。
3)You_______________________ with your mouth. 你一开口就能把人吓死。
4)We'll scare her_______________________the police. 我们要把她吓得不敢报警。 scared me by
are scared /afraid to scare them to death out of telling
5)The dog _________________________ 狗把小偷吓走了。
6)You did give me a scare.
_______________________。
7)There was ____________during the procession. 在列队行进时因怀疑有炸弹而引起恐慌。
[练习] 汉译英
听到枪声，那个贼吓得要死。
_______________________________________
2) 他容易受惊吓。
______________________________________________
scared the thief away. 你真吓了我一跳。 a bomb scare
The thief was scared to death when hearing the gunshot. He scares easily．
8. drag v. 拖；拉；迫使；缓慢行进；进行过久；扯进；打捞 n. 拖；拉；累赘；阻力 n. 男子穿的女子服装 常用结构：
drag behind 落在后面 drag in 扯进来 drag sb. down 使某人沮丧 drag on 拖延 Her skirt _______________________________. 她的裙子拖在地上。
He __________________________ across the floor. 他在地板上拖着那个沉重的箱子。
He jumped into the river and ___________________________. 他跳进河里,把她拉到安全地带。 dragged on the floor. dragged the heavy case dragged her to safety. 易混辨析 drag/draw/pull
drag 表示费力，缓慢而艰难地“拉、拖”较重的物体。“拖,拉,拽”, 指拖着笨重的东西缓慢艰难地行进,意味着有阻力,也可指使某物在 地上拖拉,还可指拖着网、钩等沿河底、湖底等搜索〔打捞〕,用于 比喻可表示“劝说某人勉为其难地来〔去〕某处”,引申可指乏味或 恼人的事物“进行过久”。 draw一是“画”; 二是“拉”。作“画”解时指用铅笔、蜡笔、粉笔等画 素描、画线、画地图等。引申可指“描绘”,也可指“划清是非界限”。 draw的第二个意思是“拉”,指连续地、平稳地、从容地、和缓地拉 向用力者或向前拉或拖。用作名词时意思是“抽奖,抽签”。
pull基本意思是“拉,拖,扯”或“拔”,指不太费力地拖〔拉〕较轻的 物体,有时还可引申表示“划(船)”。
We ___________the fallen tree from the road. 我们把倒在路上的树拖到一边。
_____________your chair up to the table. 把你的椅子拉到桌子旁边来。 dragged Draw/Pull
Do you mind if I draw up the blinds/draw the curtain/draw
the curtain back or apart?
________________________？ 翻译句子
①那个国家卷入了战争之中。
____________________________________________________
②她把她的孩子强拉到牙科诊所。
___________________________________________________. The country was dragged into the war. She dragged her child to the dentist?s. 你介意我拉上/开窗帘吗？
9. urge vt. 驱策；鼓励；催促；力陈 vi. 极力主张
n. 冲动；强烈愿望 常用结构：
urge on 1）催促?向前,驱赶?向前 encourage sb or an animal to move ahead，常用:urge sb/sth on
2）以鼓励的办法向(某人)灌输(某种思想等) try to force (sth such as an idea) on sb by encouragement， 常用:urge sth on sb
urge to 鼓励(某人)朝着(某方向努力) encourage sb in the direction of action，常用: urge sb to sth
urge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事；怂恿某人做某事 urge that ... 主张??（用虚拟语气） He waved his hand as if_______________. 他挥挥手似乎在鼓励我们前进。
They ________________________ the strange food. 他们怂恿我吃那种奇怪的食物。 to urge us on. urged me to eat
She urged that ___________________________. 她主张我应该向他道歉。
You must_______________________or we'll never get home. 你必须催促孩子们赶路,不然我们永远也到不了家。 He _______________________________ with a whip. 他挥鞭策马前行。
The teacher _____________________________________. 那位老师向她的学生强调这次考试的重要性。
What can we do __________________________________ greater production?
我们怎样才能鼓励这些懒惰的工人去努力增产呢? I (should) apologize to him urge the children on urged the horse on
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