the garage. Owing to his devotion(投入)to business, his talent, and his skill in management, Mother Earth? now has a circulation(发行量) of 300，000.
Not all small businesses are doing as fine as Mother Earth as 50% of the 450, 000 that start in America every year fail. Still, 95% of businesses in the US can be called “small”. Altogether these businesses amount to 40% of America?s gross national product(国民生产总值). ?
31 According to the passage, which of the following is true of the small businesses in the U. S. ??
A All of them close down in the first two years. ? B Most of them fail within the first two years. ? C They all make big profits. ?
D Only half of them continue to operate after the first two years. ?
32 According to paragraph 2, many people start small businesses in order to? A do heavy work or earn more money. ?
B do less paper work or take less responsibility. ? C do more paper work or take less responsibility. ? D do light work or live quiet lives. ?
33 What preparations did Thomas make before he started his business?? A He stayed at home. ?
B He borrowed money from a bank. ?
C He made investigations and drew up a plan. ? D He wrote a book. ?
34 Thomas?success can be attributed to?
A his talent, his skill in management, and his devotion to his work. ? B his good luck. ?
C his good relations with a business manager. ?
D his good treatment of his workers. ?
35 How many businesses in the U. S. can be called “small”?? A 5%. ? B 40%. ? C 50%. ? D 95%. ?
第二篇 U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars
NASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes, flowing rivers and a variety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.
Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample. The lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that identifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.
\Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer, or TEGA. \touched and tasted.\
The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of, what its water is like, and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.
The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep. When the robotic arm first reached that depth, it hit a hard layer of frozen soil. Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop. Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days, letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.
\University of Arizona. \One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck, different from what we expected, from all the Mars simulation testing we've done so far.\
Since landing on May 25, Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab, TEGA, a microscope, a conductivity probe and cameras. The science team is trying to determine
whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.
The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.
\Canadian Space Agency.
A full-circle, color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.
\the eye can see,\Surface Stereo Imager camera. \of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale.\ 36. What was discovered by NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander on Mars? A Vast lakes. B Flowing rivers.
C Water in a soil sample. D Living things.
37. Why did the first two attempts to deliver samples fail? A The sample vaporized away.
B Fresh material was exposed to the air. C The samples got stuck inside the scoop. D The robotic arm hit a hard rock.
38. Which one of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer? A Scientists have been trying to break the ice-rich layers of soil on Mars. B Scientists have been surprised by how the soil on Mars behaves.
C Scientists have been trying to find out if there is life supporting material on Mars. D Scientists have been trying to know if water ice will melt.
39. Where are the scientists involved in the research from? A They are from America. B They are from Canada.
C They are from both America and Canada. D They are from neither America nor Canada.
40. Which of the following do you think is the best description of Phoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera, according to your understanding of the passage?
A It imitates human vision and is able to capture three-dimensional images. B It imitates human voice and is able to record slight sounds while taking photos. C It takes clear photos that show every detail of the object.
D It is this particular type of camera that can take wide angle pictures. 第三篇 Black Holes Trigger Stars to Self-Destruct
Scientists have long understood that super massive black holes weighing millions or billions of suns can tear apart stars that come too close. The black hole's gravity pulls harder on the nearest part of the star, an imbalance that pulls the star apart over a period of minutes or hours, once it gets close enough.
Scientists say this uneven pulling is not the only hazard facing the star. The strain of these unbalanced forces can also trigger a nuclear explosion powerful enough to destroy the star from within. Matthieu Brassart and Jean-Pierre Luminet of the Observatoire de Paris in Meudon, France1, carried out computer simulations of the final moments of such an unfortunate star's life, as it veered towards a super massive black hole.
When the star gets close enough, the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake shape. Some previous studies had suggested this flattening would increase the density and temperature inside the star enough to trigger intense nuclear reactions that would tear it apart. But other studies had suggested that the picture would be complicated by shock waves generated during the flattening process and that no nuclear explosion should occur.
The new simulations investigated the effects of shock waves in detail, and found that even when their effects are included, the conditions favor a nuclear explosion. \an explosion of the star — it will be completely destroyed,\explosion obliterates the star, it saves some of the star's matter from being devoured by the black hole. The explosion is powerful enough to hurl much of the star's matter out of the black hole's reach, he says.
The devouring of stars by black holes may already have been observed, although at a much later stage. It is thought that several months after the event that rips the star apart, its matter starts swirling into the hole itself. It heats up as it does so, releasing ultraviolet light and X-rays.
If stars disrupted near black holes really do explode, then they could in principle allow these events to be detected at a much earlier stage, says Jules Halpern of Columbia University in New York, US2. \immediately if it gets hot enough,\
Brassart agrees. \something that needs to be more studied,\Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico, US3 , says the deaths of these stars are difficult to simulate, and he is not sure whether the researchers have proven their Case that they explode in the process.
41. Something destructive could happen to a star that gets too close to a black hole. Which of the following destructive statements is NOT mentioned in the passage? A The black hole could tear apart the star.
B The black hole could trigger a nuclear explosion in the star. C The black hole could dwindle its size considerably, D The black hole could devour the star.
42. According to the third paragraph, researchers differed from each other in the problem of
A whether nuclear reaction would occur.
B whether the stars would increase its density and temperature. C whether shock waves would occur.
D whether the uneven forces would flatten the stars.
43. According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following is NOT true? A No nuclear explosion would be triggered inside the star. B The star would be destroyed completely.
C Much of the star's matter thrown by the explosion would be beyond the black hole's reach.
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