7． 《西风颂》的主题思想
8． 《傲慢与偏见》的主题和主要人物分析
二． 主要作家及代表作一览表： 作 者 代 表 作 其 他
William Blake
The Songs of Innocence The Songs of Experience The Tiger
William Wordsworth
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
Composed upon Westminster Bridge, sep,3, 1802 She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways The Solitary Reaper
Samuel Taylor Coleridge Kubla Khan
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Frost at Midnight
George Gordon Byron Don Juan
Song for the Luddites Childe Harold?s Pilgrimage Oriented Tales Manfred
Percy Bysshe Shelley Men of England
Ode to the West Wind
John Keats
Ode on a Grecian Urn
Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice Sense and Sensibility Emma
三．Some important points
1) Time: Publication of Lyrical Ballads to Death of Sir Walter Scott and the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament.
2) Different ideas between Romanticism and neoclassism Poet:
1. Blake: The Songs of Innocence The Songs of Experience ?The Chimney Sweeper The exploitation of Child labor The Tiger : praise the violence of French Revolution
Discussion: Contrast “The Songs of Innocence” and ”The Songs of Experience”
The Songs of Innocence presents a happy and innocent world while “The Songs of Experience” paints a different world, a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone. They hold the same theme, but their tone, emphasis and conclusion differ. Childhood remains central to the poet?s concern in the two, with a number of poems from them can be pairs. For example, “Chimney Sweeper” in the two books.
2. Wordsworth:
Lyrical Ballads ; I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud
Composed Upon Westminster Bridge She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways The Solitary Reaper
Discuss: The significance of Wordsworth?s poetry:
1) Wordsworth?s theory was stated in his “Preface” to the second edition of the “Lyrical Ballads”. It serves as a manifesto of Romanticism.
2) One of his poetic themes is the joys and sorrows of the common people , such as the “Lucy poems”.
3) Another poetic theme is the beautiful natural scenery and mystery acts. 4) Use simple diction to express a profound meaning. 3. Coleridge
Demonic Poetry: The Rim of the Ancient Mariner; Christabel; Kubla Khan Conversational Poetry: Frost at Midnight 4. Byron
Childe Harold?s Pilgrimage; Don Juan (comic epic); Song for the Luddites The Isles of Greece
The unifying principle in Don Juan written by Byron is the basic ironic theme of appearance and reality.
Byronic hero (P195 ) 5. Shelley
Men of England; political lyrics; rallying song of the British Communist?s Party Ode to the West Wind (the theme and the characteristics P211) Prometheus Unbound Four-act Poetic drama 6. Keats: Ode on a Grecian Urn 7. Two novelists in 18 C Walter Scott ;
Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice (First Impression) 练习：
1． Fill in the following blanks:
1). English Romanticism, as a historical phase of literature, is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of ______ and ______?s “Lyrical Ballads” and to have ended in 1832 with _____? death and the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament.
2). The preface to the second edition of the “______” acts as a manifest to for the Romantic poets and sets forth Wordsworth?s own critical creed.
3). The two major novelists of the Romantic Period are ______ and ______.
4). ______ is central to William Blake?s concern in the “Songs of Innocence” and “Songs of Experience”.
5). The three poets ______, ______ and ______ once lived in the English Lake District, and became known as the “Lake Poets”.
6). Samuel Taylor Coleridge?s poetic achievement can be divided into two diverse groups: the ______ and the ______.
7). On the whole, ______?s poetry is one of experience. His heroes are more or less surrogates of himself. “Childe Harold?s Pilgrimage” is such an example.
8). The whole poem of “______” by ______, has a logic of feeling, a not easily analyzable progression that leads to the triumphant, hopeful and convincing conclusion: “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind”
9). The Romantic Age began in 1798 when Wordsworth and Coleridge published their joint work “______”.
10). ______ is regarded as the best essayist during the English Romantic Age.
11). The first poem is the collection “The Lyrical Ballads” is ______?s masterpiece “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”.
12). In 1824, the Romantic poet ______ went to Greece to help the country in its struggle for liberty against Turks. Not long, he died of fever there.
13). George Gordon Byron is chiefly remembered for his long poems. One is “Childe Harold?s Pilgrimage”, the other is “______”.
14). George Gordon Byron wrote “______” in Italy. It contains sixteen cantos.
15). “______”, a lyrical drama written by P.B. Shelley, has its story taken from Greek mythology. 16). Jane Austen?s masterpiece is “______”.
17). The historical novel “Ivanhoe” is written by ______.
18). Compared with the Neoclassicists who emphasized features that men have in common, the
Romantics emphasized the special qualities of each ______?s mind.
19). In the Romantic Age, ______ is a great critic on Shakespeare, Elizabethan drama, and English poetry.
20). “The Solitary Reaper” written by ______ uses a rural figure to suggest the timeless mystery of sorrowful humanity and its radiant beauty.
21). “______” is perhaps the most anthologized poem in English literature, and one that takes us to the core of the poetic beliefs of William Wordsworth as a “worshipper of nature”.
22). As a leading Romanticist, George Gordon Byron?s chief contribution is his creation of the “______ hero”, a proud, mysterious rebel figure, of noble origin.
23). Best of all the well-known lyric pieces written by P.B. Shelley is the poet?s “______”, for here his rhapsodic and declamatory tendencies find a subject perfectly suited to him.
24). As a ______ writer, Jane Austen considers it her duty to express in her works a discriminated and serious criticism of life, and to expose the follies and illusions of mankind.
25). The novel “Pride and Prejudice” mainly deals with the five Bennet sisters and their search for suitable husbands, centering on the love story between ______ and ______.
26). P. B. Shelley?s work of literary criticism is ______.His _______ was later to become a rallying song of the British Communist Party.
3. Answer the following questions: 1). Make a comment on William Blake?s poetry.
2). What is the significance of William Wordsworth?s poetry in the history of English literature. 3). How many groups can S.T. Coleridge?s poems be divided into? What are these groups. 4). What is the “Byronic hero”?
5). Tell the story of the novel “Pride and Prejudice”
Chapter 4 The Victorian Period 一．重点
1． 维多利亚时期文学穿凿得计本主张
2． 维多利亚时期小说的主要形式---- 批判现实主义小说；具有现代小说特征的晚期小说
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