新东方背诵80篇打印版（含翻译）1(6)

or as a joke summarizing or reducing to comprehensible form the more appropriate to cartoons than real life. But now it is being properties of an considered quite seriously by many nations, especially otherwise unwieldy mass of data. since scientists

Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving have warned that the human race will outgrow its fresh water another supply faster

class of problems that present great difficulties for than it runs out of food. the unaided Glaciers are a possible source of fresh water that human mind. This general class of problems has been characteristically overlooked until recently. Three-quarters of the Earth's involve attempts to make predictions using a sample fresh water of supply is still tied up in glacial ice, a reservoir of untapped observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to fresh determine the water so immense that it could sustain all the rivers of the world proportion of children in a large school system who come to for school without 1,000 years. Floating on the oceans every year are 7,659 trillionbreakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having metric a little tons of ice encased in 10,000 icebergs that break away from the knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would polar ice know that it is caps, more than ninety percent of them from Antarctica.

unnecessary and inefficient to question each child: the Huge glaciers that stretch over the shallow continental shelf give proportion for the birth to entire district could be estimated fairly icebergs throughout the year. Icebergs are not like sea ice, accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the which is purpose of formed when the sea itself freezes, rather, they are formed inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of entirely on a land, breaking off when glaciers spread over the sea. As they drift population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a away sample of the from the polar region, icebergs sometimes move mysteriously population. in a direction

opposite to the wind, pulled by subsurface currents. Because they 统计学

统计方法的早期发展受到两种截然不同的影响。 统计学有melt more

slowly than smaller pieces of ice, icebergs have been known to 一个\母亲\，她致力于井井

drift as far

有条地记录政府机构的文件(国家和统计学这两个词源于同

north as 35 degrees south of the equator in the Atlantic Ocean.

一个拉丁语词根，status)，还有一

To corral

个有绅士般的赌博\父亲\，他依靠数学来提高赌技，以便在them and steer them to parts of the world where they are 几率的游戏中取胜。 \母亲\对 needed would not 其子女统计学的影响表现在计数、测量、描述、制表、归类be too difficult.

和人口普查。 所有这些导致了 现代描述统计学的诞生。 The difficulty arises in other technical matters, such as 由于\父亲\的影响则产生了完全基于概率论原理的现代推理the

the 统计 学。 描述统计学涉及对所收集数据的制表、制图和描prevention of rapid melting in warmer climates and

funneling of

述。 这些数据可以是数量性的数据，

fresh water to shore in great volume. But even if the icebergs

如高度、智商、或者是层级性的数据--具有连续性的变量--或lost half

数据也可以代表性质变量，如 性别、大学专业或性格类型等of their volume in towing, the water they could provide would 等。 be far

数量庞大的数据通常必须经过概括或删减的程序才能为 人cheaper than that produced by desalinization, or removing salt

from water. 所理解。 描述统计学就是这样一个工具，它对极其庞杂的

从冰山中获取淡水 把冰山拖到世界上人口稠密的地区和干数据进行描述、概括或删减，

使其变成能为人理解的东西。 推理统计学是一套已定形了旱地带，再从中获取淡水，这个想法曾一度被认

然而现的方法体系，它解决的是光凭人 脑极难解决的另一类问题。 为是一个笑话，更适合于卡通画，而非现实生活。

这类问题的显著特点是试图通过取样调查来作出预测。 例在，许多国家正相当认真地考虑 这件事情，特别是在科学家如， 有一位教育督察想知道在一个庞大的学校系统中，不吃们发出警告之后。

科学家们认为人类将在耗尽粮食之前首先耗 尽淡水资源。冰早饭就上学的学生、已经做过防感冒

免疫的学生，或其它任何类型的学生占多大比例。 若具备川是一个直到最近以前一直被忽视的可能的淡水源。 全球一些统计学的知识，这位督察应 明白，询问每个孩子是没有四分之三的淡水 还锁在冰川的冰块中。

冰川就是一个蓄水池，其中未开发的淡水量是如此巨大，足必要而且没有效率的，只要用 100

个孩子为样本，他就可以相当 精确地得出这些孩子占整个学够支持 全世界的江河 1000 年。 每年有 7，659 万亿区的比例了。 因此，推理统计学的目的就是通过了解一个公吨冰漂流在海洋中。

它们包含在 10，000 座从极地冰帽中断裂出来的冰山中。 群

体中一些样本的特性，从而对整个群体的特性进行推测和估这些冰山的 90%以上来自南极。 一年四季里，覆盖

在浅层大陆架上的巨大冰川生成了众多冰山。 冰山和海水算。

的冰不同，后者是海水自身结冰 形成的，而冰山则完全是在>44 Obtaining Fresh Water from Icebergs

The concept of obtaining fresh water from icebergs that are 陆地上形成的。 towed to 当冰川伸展到海水中时，冰山就断裂下来。 当 漂离极地地populated areas and arid regions of the world was once treated

区时，冰山有时会在底层洋流的推动下颇为神秘地逆风移动。 部一层层渗透出来的过程中，它经过了光谱中 X 射线部分，由于冰山比小块 最后变成了光。 在此阶段，能

的冰融化要慢，因此有的冰山在大西洋中向北飘到了赤道以量到达我们所称的太阳表层，并且离散到空间而不再被太阳南 35°的地方。 把冰山蓄拦起 来并拖到世界上需要它们原子所吸收。 只有很小一部分 太阳的光和热由此方向释放的地方将不会太困难。 出来，并且未被阻挡，穿越星空，来到地球。 有困难的是其它的技术事宜。 比如，如何 防止冰山在较暖>46 Vision

的气候中迅速融化以及如何把大量的淡水收集到岸上去。 Human vision like that of other primates has evolved in an

arboreal 但是，即便在拖

environment. In the dense complex world of a tropical

的过程中冰山失去了一半体积，这样做也远比从海水中脱盐

forest, it is more

取得淡水便宜。 important to see well than to develop an acute sense of >45 The Source of Energy smell. In the

A summary of the physical and chemical nature of life must course of evolution members of the primate line have acquired begin, not on large eyes

the Earth, but in the Sun; in fact, at the Sun's very center. It is while the snout has shrunk to give the eye an unimpeded view. here Of mammals

that is to be found the source of the energy that the Sun only humans and some primates enjoy color vision. constantly pours The red flag is

out into space as light and heat. This energy is liberated at the black to the bull. Horses live in a monochrome center of world. Light

the Sun as billions upon billions of nuclei of hydrogen atoms visible to human eyes however occupies only a very narrow band collide with in the whole

each other and fuse together to form nuclei of helium, and in electromagnetic spectrum. Ultraviolet rays are doing so, invisible to humans

release some of the energy that is stored in the nuclei of atoms. though ants and honeybees are sensitive to them. Humans The have no direct output of light and heat of the Sun requires that some 600 perception of infrared rays unlike the rattlesnake which has million tons of receptors

hydrogen be converted into helium in the Sun every second. tuned into wavelengths longer than 0.7 micron. The world would This the Sun look eerily

has been doing for several thousands of millions of years. different if human eyes were sensitive to infrared radiation. The nuclear Then instead

energy is released at the Sun's center as high-energy gamma of the darkness of night, we would be able to move easily in a radiation, a strange

form of electromagnetic radiation like light and radio waves, shadowless world where objects glowed with varying degrees only of very of intensity.

much shorter wavelength. This gamma radiation is absorbed byBut human eyes excel in other ways. They are in fact remarkably atoms inside discerning

the Sun to be reemitted at slightly longer wavelengths. This in color gradation. The color sensitivity of normal human vision radiation, in is rarely

its turn is absorbed and reemitted. As the energy filters surpassed even by sophisticated technical devices. through the layers of the solar interior, it passes through the X-ray part of the

视觉

人类的视觉，和其它灵长目动物的一样，是在丛林环境中进

spectrum eventually becoming light. At this stage, it has reached

化出来的。 在稠密、复杂 的热带丛林里，好的视觉比灵敏what we

call the solar surface, and can escape into space without 的嗅觉更加重要。

在进化过程中，灵长目动物的眼睛变大， 同时鼻子变小以使being absorbed

further by solar atoms. A very small fraction of the Sun's 视野不受阻碍。 在哺乳类动物中，只有人和一些灵长目动light and 物能够分辨颜 色。

heat is emitted in such directions that after 红旗在公牛看来是黑色的，马则生活在一个单色的世界里。 passing unhindered

然而，人眼可见的光在整

through interplanetary space, it hits the Earth.

个光谱中只占一个非常狭窄的频段。人是看不到紫外线的，

能量的来源

尽管蚂蚁和蜜蜂可以感觉到。与 响尾蛇不同，人也不能直接

概说生命的物理和化学特性必须始于太阳--确切地说，是太阳

感受到红外线。

的核心，而非地球。 能 量来自太阳的核心。

响尾蛇的感觉器可以感受波长超过 0.7 微米的 光线。 如

在这里，太阳不停地以光和热的形式向空间倾泻出能量。 数

果人能感受到红外线的话，这世界看上去将十分不同，而且

十亿计的 氢原子核在太阳的核心碰撞并且聚变生成氦。 在

恐怖。 到那时，将与

此过程中一部分原本储存于原子核中的能

夜的黑暗相反，我们能轻易地在一个奇异的没有阴影的世界

量被释放出来。 太阳所产生的光和热需要每秒将六亿吨氢转

里走动。 任何物体都强弱不等 地闪着光。 然而，人眼在

化为氦。 这样的转化在太阳中

其它方面有优越之处。

已经持续几十亿年了。 核能在太阳的核心被释放为高能的

事实上，人眼对颜色梯度具有非凡的分辨 能力。 普通人类

伽马射线。 这是一种电磁射线， 就象光波和无线电波一样，

的视觉感受色彩的灵敏程度，甚至连精密的技术装备都很难

只是波长要短得多。

超越。

这种伽玛射线被太阳内的原子所吸收，然 后重新释放为波长

稍长一些的光波。 这新的射线再次被吸收，而后释放。 在 能量由太阳内

>47 Folk Cultures 每个人都要做各类活计，尽管男女两性分工不同。 绝大多数A folk culture is a small isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly 物品是 手工制造的，经济一般为自给自足型。 个人主义和self-sufficient group that is homogeneous in custom and race 社会阶层在民间文化群体中的发展十分 with a strong

薄弱。在象美国和加拿大这样的工业化国家里，一成不变的

family or clan structure and highly developed rituals. Order is

民间文化群体已不复存在了。在 当代美洲的英语区，与民间

maintained

through sanctions based in the religion or family and 文化最相似的群体也许算是 Amish。

Amish 是美国的德裔农耕 部落，他们基本上拒绝接受工业时interpersonal

relationships are strong. Tradition is paramount, and 代的大多数产品和节省劳力的设施。 在 Amish 地区，轻 change comes 便马车仍是当地的交通工具，信徒们不允许拥有汽车。 Amish infrequently and slowly. There is relatively little division of labor 宗教中的核心观念 Demut 即 谦卑典型地反映了在民间文化into 群中个人主义和阶级的不发达。 specialized duties. Rather, each person is expected to perform a

而与此同时，Amish 对群体 的认同性却十分强。 Amish

great

其宗教，作为 Mennonite variety of tasks, though duties may differ between the sexes. 人很少和他们宗派以外的人通婚。

信 Most

goods are handmade and subsistence economy prevails. 仰的一种，提供了维护秩序的主要机制。 相反，大众文化Individualism is 是包含不同种族的大群体，通常 高度个性化而且不断在变weakly developed in folk cultures as are social classes. Unaltered 化。 folk 人际关系冷漠，劳动分工明确，由此产生了许多专门的职业。 cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the 世俗的控制机构，比如警察和军队，取代了宗教和家庭来维United

持秩序，而且实行的是货币经济。

States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest modern equivalent

由于存在着这些差异，\大众的\与\民间的\可谓大相径庭。 in Anglo America

is the Amish, a German American farming sect that largely在工业化国家以及许多发展中 国家里，大众文化正在取代民

间文化。 renounces the

products and labor saving devices of the industrial age. 民间制造的物品正让位于大众化产品，这通常是因 为大众化In Amish 的物品制造起来更快、更便宜，用起来更容易、更方便或者areas, horse drawn buggies still serve as a local 是能给其所有者带来更 多的威望。 transportation >48 Bacteria

device and the faithful are not permitted to own automobiles. The Bacteria are extremely small living things. While we measure Amish's our own

central religious concept of Demut \ sizes in inches or centimeters, bacterial size is measured in weakness of individualism and social class so typical of microns. One folk cultures and micron is a thousandth of a millimeter: a pinhead is about a there is a corresponding strength of Amish group identity. Rarely millimeter do the across. Rod-shaped bacteria are usually from two to four Amish marry outside their sect. The religion, a variety of microns long, the while rounded ones are generally one micron in diameter. Mennonite faith, provides the principal mechanism forThus if you maintaining orders. enlarged a rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would be By contrast a popular culture is a large heterogeneous group just about the often highly size of a pinhead. An adult human magnified by the individualistic and constantly changing. Relationships tend to same amount would be be over a mile (1.6 kilometers) tall.

impersonal and a pronounced division of labor exists, leading to Even with an ordinary microscope, you must look the closely to see

establishment of many specialized professions. Secular bacteria. Using a magnification of 100 times, one finds institutions of that bacteria are

control such as the police and army take the place of religion barely visible as tiny rods or dots. One cannot make out anything and family of their

in maintaining order, and a money-based economy prevails. structure. Using special stains, one can see that some bacteria Because of these have

contrasts, \viewed as clearly different from attached to them wavy-looking \called flagella. Others \ have only one

popular is replacing the folk in industrialized countries and inflagellum. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the many water.

developing nations. Folk-made objects give way to their popular Many bacteria lack flagella and cannot move about by equivalent, their own

usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply power, while others can glide along over surfaces produced, is by some

easier or time saving to use or leads more prestige to the owner. little-understood mechanism.

民间文化民间文化是小型的、孤立的、紧密的、保守的、近From the bacterial point of view, the world is a very different 乎自给自足的群体，具有同 样的习俗、同样的人种和强有力place from 的家庭或部族结构以及高度发展的宗教仪式。 what it is to humans. To a bacterium water is as thick as 秩序由宗教 或家庭的约束来维持，成员间的关系非常紧密，molasses is to

传统至高无上，很少有变动且变动缓慢。 劳 动专业分工相us. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the

movements of 对较少。

the chemical molecules around them. Bacteria be under the microscope, replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves. Your eyes even those with no flagella, often bounce about in the water. will begin to This is dart around under your closed eyelids as if you werelooking at because they collide with the water molecules and are pushed something this way and occurring in front of you. This period of rapid eye movement that. Molecules move so rapidly that within a tenth of a lasts for some second the 8 to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep molecules around a bacterium have all been replaced by new period, ones; even your body will soon relax again, your breathing will growbacteria without flagella are thus constantly exposed to a slow and regular changing once more, and you will slip gently back from stage 1 to stage 4 environment. sleep -

细菌细菌是极其微小的生物体。 我们用英寸或厘米来测量only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness 自己的大小，而测量细菌却 要用微米。 一微米等于千分之some 80

minutes later. 一毫米。 针头直径大约一毫米。

棒状细菌通常有 2～4 微米 长，而圆形细菌的直径一般只有 睡眠

1 微米。 因此，即使你把一个圆形细菌放大 1000 倍，它睡眠是人每天日常活动循环的一部分。 人的睡眠分几个阶

段，而这些阶段也是循环发 生的。 如果你是一个正常的睡也 不过一个针头那么大。

可是如果把一个成年人放大 1000 倍，就会变成 1 英里(或 眠者，你的睡眠循环会这样进行。

你 的眼睛会滚动几下，体温略有下降，1.6 公里) 多高。 用一般的显微镜观察细菌时，你必须仔细在你开始昏昏入睡时，

肌肉放松，呼吸变得缓慢而有节奏。 除了开始几分钟 比较观察才能看见它们。 使用

100 倍的显微镜 时，你会发现细菌不过是隐约可见的小细棒快的α节奏外，脑电波也稍有减缓。

这被称为第一阶段睡眠。 在随后约半小时内，你 进一步放或小点点，而它们的结构你却根本看不出来。 使

用特殊的着色剂后，你会发现有的细菌上长着不少波状的\毛松，进入第二和第三阶段睡眠。 睡眠越深入，脑电波就越发\即鞭毛，而有的细菌只有一 根鞭毛。 鞭毛的旋转可以缓慢。 大约在开始睡眠 后的 40 到

60 分钟，你将进入沉睡状态。 这时的脑电波表现为巨大的推动细菌在水中行进。

不少细菌没有鞭毛，因而不能自己行进。 还有些细菌却能通缓波，被称为δ节奏。 这就是第四阶段睡眠。 但你并不是过某些鲜为人知的机制沿物体表面滑动。 我们所熟知的世整夜都保持这种沉睡状态。 入睡后约

80 分钟左右，你 的大脑运动水平会再度略有提高。 δ节奏界在细菌眼中 完全是另一个样子。

对于细菌来说，水就同糖浆之于人类一样稠密。 细菌是如消失，并被脑电波的运动图形取代。 你的眼睛会 此的微小， 周围化学分子的一举一动都会对它们产生影响。 在闭着的眼睑下迅速转动，就好象你在看着眼前发生的什么

事情。 这种迅速的眼球运动持 续约 8～15 分钟，这一阶在显微镜下，细菌，甚至包括那些没有鞭

毛的细菌，经常在水中跳来跳去。 这是因为它们与水分子段睡眠被称之为快速眼动(REM)睡眠。

你的肢 体会很快再度放松，呼吸也再次相撞后，被弹向各个方向。 分子 移动很迅速，仅 0.1 在 REM 睡眠阶段，

秒之隔，一个细菌周围的分子就会完全更新。 因此，即使放慢并变得有节奏，你会轻松地从第一阶段滑入第四阶段睡

眠-直到大约 80 是没有鞭毛 的细菌也暴露在一个不断变化的环境中。

分钟后重新接近清醒状态。 >49 Sleep

Sleep is part of a person's daily activity cycle. There are several >50 Cells and Temperature

different stages of sleep, and they too occur in cycles. If you Cells cannot remain alive outside certain limits of temperature,

and much are an

narrower limits mark the boundaries of effective functioning. average sleeper, your sleep cycle is as follows. When you

Enzyme first drift off into slumber,your eyes will roll about a bit, your

temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and systems of mammals and birds are most efficient only within a

narrow range your

breathing well slow and become quite regular. Your brain around 37 ℃; a departure of a few degrees from this value

seriously waves slow down a

impairs their functioning. Even though cells can bit too, with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves

survive wider predominating for the

first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For the next half fluctuations, the integrated actions of bodily systems are

impaired. hour or

so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through Other animals have a wider tolerance for changes of bodily

temperature. For stage 2 and

stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower your centuries it has been recognized that mammals and birds differ

from other brain waves

will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose animals in the way they regulate body temperature.

Ways of consciousness you will

have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show characterizing the difference have become more accurate

and meaningful the large

slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 over time, but popular terminology still reflects the old

division into sleep.

species; You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but \blooded\ and \ blooded\

warm-blooded included instead

about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity mammals and birds whereas all other creatures were considered

cold-blooded. level

will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear, to As more species were studied, it became evident that this

classification humans. At sea, as on land, humans have now positioned was inadequate. A fence lizard or a themselves on the

desert iguana -- each cold-blooded -- usually has a body top of the whole great pyramid of life, and they have caused temperature only a serious

degree or two below that of humans and so is not cold. Therefore problems for the mammals of the sea. There is a simple reason the next for this.

distinction was made between animals that maintain a constant Marine mammals have the misfortune to be swimming body aggregates of commodities

temperature, called homeotherms, and those whose body that humans want: fur, oil and meat. Even so, they might temperature varies not be so

with their environment, called poikilotherms. But this vulnerable to human depredation if they did not, like classification also humans, reproduce

proved inadequate, because among mammals there are many so slowly. Every year humans take more than 50 million tons of that vary their fish from

body temperatures during hibernation. Furthermore, many the oceans without critically depleting the population of any invertebrates that species. But

live in the depths of the ocean never experience a change in the the slow-breeding mammals of the sea have been all but wiped chill of out by humans the deep water, and their body temperatures remain constant. seeking to satisfy their wants and whims. 细胞与温度 细胞只能在一定的温度范围内存活，而进一步保海洋哺乳动物 既然海洋中有如此丰富的食物，一些原本在陆证它们有效工作的温度范围就更小了。 地生存的高效率的，适应性强的暖血型动

哺乳动物和鸟类的酶系统只能在 37℃左右的很小范围内才物返回海洋生存是不难理解的。 那些已经返回海洋的哺乳动能有效工作。 与此相差仅几度的 温度都会大大削弱它们的物种族繁荣。 在大约 5 千万年 间(这在地质学上不过是弹工作效率。 指一挥间)，返回海洋的 4

尽管温度变化更大时细胞仍能存活，但机体系统的整 体运行种浦乳动物之一的鲸已成为体积最庞大 的动物。 而另一种能力却被削弱了。 其它动物对体温的变化有更强的适应性。 哺乳动物海豹，它的数量恐怕是地球上大型食肉哺乳动物中几个世纪以来，人们就 最大的。 这

认识到哺乳动物和鸟类调节体温的方式与其它动物不同。 似乎表明这些海洋中的\大哥大\们人丁兴旺，一派繁荣景象。随着时间的推移，人们对这种差 但至少在近 150 年以来，事实 并非如此。 异的描述越来越精确和有意义，但是\暖血动物\和\冷血动物\同样是暖血动物而且效率更高、适应性更强的捕食者，人类，这一古老的分类方式至今仍在 大众词汇中有所反映。 成为这些哺乳动 物的日益迫近的威胁。

暖血动物包括哺乳动物和鸟类，其它动物统统被视为冷血动在陆地和海洋，人类都已处在巨大的生物金字塔的最顶端，物。 但 是对更多物种进行的研究表明这种分类显然是不适成为所 有生物的主宰，并给海洋哺乳动物带来巨大的危胁。 当的。 美洲一种小型蜥蜴和沙漠鬣蜥同 原因很简单。 这些哺乳动物不幸成为

属冷血动物，但实际上它们的体温通常只比人类的体温低 人类所需要的一堆游动着的商品，如皮毛、油和肉。 尽管1～2 度，因此并不是真正的冷血。 如此，如果它们不象人类一样繁 殖如此缓慢，它们对人类的因此又出现了恒温动物(即保持恒定体温的动物)和变温动物掠夺也不会如此无能为力。

(即体温随外界环境的变化而改 变的动物)这一区分方式。 每年人类从海洋中捕捞约 5 千万吨 的鱼类，但这并未导致但这种分类也不恰当。 任何鱼种的灭绝。但繁殖缓慢的海洋哺乳动物却因为有了一因为有不少哺乳动物在冬眠期间会改变 体温，而许多生活在心只想满 足一已私欲的人类而濒临。 深海的无脊椎动物在寒冷的深海水域中体温并不变化，而是>52 Chimpanzee

The most striking single fact about chimpanzees is the flexibility 恒定的。

of their >51 Marine Mammals

Since there is such an abundance of food in the sea, it is social life, the lack of any rigid form of organization. It

represents understandable

that some of the efficient, highly adaptable, warm-blooded about as far a departure from the baboon type of organization

as one can mammals that

the higher primates, and serves to emphasize evolved on land should have returned to the sea. Those that did find among

the great have

flourished. Within about 50 million years -- no time at all, variety of primate adaptations. Chimpanzees are more human

than baboons, or geologically speaking -- one of the four kinds of

rather they jibe better with the way we like to picture mammals that

has returned to a marine environment has developed into ourselves, as

free-wheeling individuals who tend to be unpredictable, do the largest of

all animal forms, the whale. A second kind, the seal, has not take

readily to any form of regimentation, and are frequently produced what is

probably the greatest population of large carnivorous charming.

(Charm is relatively rare among baboons.) Two researchers have mammals on Earth.

This suggests that these \dogs\of the ocean are prospering described

what they found during more than eight months spent among and

multiplying. However, such has not been the case, at least chimpanzees in

their natural habitat the forest:\were quite surprised to not for the

last 150 years. Trouble has closed in on these mammals in the observe that

there is no single distinct social unit in chimpanzee society. form of

equally warm-blooded and even more efficient and adaptable Not only is

there no 'family' or 'harem' organization; neither is there a 'troop'predators,

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