高中英语选修7unit3导学案 -(2)

[典例]

1) They abandoned all hope of finding an effective way to solve the problem． 他们放弃了寻找有效方法解决问题的所有希望。

2) We should keep off those who abandon themselves to drugs．我们要远离那些吸毒成瘾的人。 3) Don't waste the food left, and abandon it to the dog．不要浪费剩下的食物，把它舍弃给狗吃。 [练习]根据括号里所给的汉语补全句子。

1) After the victory，the soldiers sang and danced_____________________(纵情地). 2) (这项方案的放弃)_________________ resulted from lack of enough money.

3) During the Second World War，millions of people throughout the world________(离弃家园) 4) _______________________ (不要悲观失望)though in great difficulty.

5. reflect vt. 映射；反射vi. & vt. 思考 [重点用法]

reflection n． 反射；反映；思考；沉思 reflective adj．反射的；反映的；沉思的 reflect on v. 思考，反省 [典例]

1) Her severe look reflected how she really felt．她那冷峻的神情反映出她心中的真正感受。 2) Mirrors reflect light．镜子能反射光线。

3) I reflected on possible reasons for my failure．我仔细考虑导致我失败的种种原因。 [练习]用reflect的相关介词或正确形式填空.

1)The moon appears a _______ surface of the lake． 2)After a minute's _____，he answered．

3)The plan ________ which he reflected was ridiculous．

4)The problems ________ at discussion are to be dealt at tomorrow’s meeting.

6. aware adj. 意识到的；知道的 [重点用法]

unaware不察觉的, 不知道的 awareness n. 知道, 晓得

be／become aware of sth．意识到某事

be aware that-clause知道……；意识到…… make sb．aware that-clause提醒某人注意…… make sb．aware of…让某人注意到…… [典例]

1) He wasn't aware of the danger．他没有意识到危险。 2) Is she aware that I'm coming? 她知道我要来吗?

注意：aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。 [练习] 用恰当的介词或aware恰当的词性填空。

1) Also when you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself continuously aware ______ situations that will bring you nearer to your goal．

2)The principal didn’t seem to be aware_______ there should have been so much dispute about the decision． 3) Health officials throughout the world have tried to make people raise______ about AIDS. 4) Mike seems______ of the trouble he’s causing, otherwise he would stop it．

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7. scare vt. 恐吓vi. 受惊吓 [重点用法]

scaring adj．令人害怕的；吓人的 scared adj． 受惊吓的；感到害怕的

be scared of…(=be afraid of) 遇到…(某种事物或行为)而害怕 be scared to do．··(=be afraid to do)不敢做…… be scared to death吓死了 [典例]

1) You scared me by coming in so quietly． 你这么悄悄地进来吓了我一跳。 2) Most girls are scared to light the firework.大多女孩不敢放烟花。 [练习] 汉译英

1) 听到枪声，那个贼吓得要死。

___________________________________________________________________________________ 2) 他容易受惊吓。

___________________________________________________________________________________ V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料） 1. sort out整理；挑出; 解决(问题／困难) [短语归纳]

sort through 查看并挑选出 put away 把……存放好 [典例]

1) I've sorted out the papers that can be thrown away．我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出来了。 2) We've got a few lime problems to sort out．我们有几个小问题要解决。

3) He was sorting through a pile of papers on his desk他在整理桌上的一堆文件。 [练习] 汉译英

1) 他从相片中挑出自己的，并把它们放到相册中。

2) 放学了，把书本收好。

2. help out 帮助……（摆脱困难或危难）；协助；使……脱离困境 [短语归纳]

help sb with sth帮助某人做某事 with the help of在...的帮助下, 借助

help oneself to请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等) can't help doing sth禁不住

can't help but do sth只得；不得不 [典例]

1) Can you help me out with the maths problem? 你能帮我解出这道数学题吗? 2) Please help yourself to some fish．随便吃点鱼。 3) She can't help laughing．她忍不住大笑起来。 4) I can't help but wait．我只得等。 [练习] 汉译英

1)在老师和同学们的帮助下，小明终于摆脱了爱打电子游戏的习惯。

___________________________________________________________________________________ 2)地震中，许多家长不得不眼睁睁地看着他们的孩子埋在废墟中。

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___________________________________________________________________________________. 3. throw oneself out of 跃出 [典例]

1) The man suddenly threw himself out of the water and said“I'm here'’。那个人突然跃出水面说“我在这儿”。 [短语归纳]

throw oneself at冲向

throw oneself into投身手；积极从事 throw away扔掉 throw up呕吐

throw sb into prison把某人投入监狱； throw at对准向……扔去(希望击中)； throw to向……(方向)扔去 [练习] 汉译英

1）休息了一会后，他重新投入了救援工作。

___________________________________________________________________________________ 2）你可以帮他把书传给他，但向别人投掷书本是不对的。

___________________________________________________________________________________

4. upside down 上下翻转过来 [短语归纳]

inside out里面翻转过来的 [典例]

1) The naughty child is always turning everything in the room upside down． 这淘气的孩子老是把房问的东西搞得乱七八糟。

2) He wore the sweatshirt inside out．他当时把运动衫反过来穿。 [练习] 汉译英

1）你把那幅画挂颠倒了！

____________________________________________________________________________________ 2）春节期间，中国人喜欢将“福”字倒过来挂

____________________________________________________________________________________ VI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）

1. It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.

那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。 [解释]It was/is a time when 曾经一度（那时） [典例]

1) It was a time when motorcars were rare. 那是汽车很罕见的时代。 2) It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself. 她曾经无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。 [练习] 汉译英

1) 曾经没人能理解我的计划和雄心。

___________________________________________________________________________________ 2) 现在这一社区的人们相互帮助，和谐相处。

___________________________________________________________________________________

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2. I had already heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting, so even though I didn’t have the right clothes on, raced after him.

我早就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没穿上捕鲸该穿的衣服，还是跟在他背后跑了起来。 [解释]even though=even if即使，即便（引导让步状语从句） [典例]

1) We won’t give up even if we should ten times.即便我们失败十次，我们也不会失败。

2) Even though you may lose the chance of meeting your friend, you can not miss the meeting this afternoon.

即使你可能会失去会见朋友的机会，（但是你）也不能错过下午的会议。 [练习] 汉译英

1） 即便你无路可走，你也不能任由自己放弃自己的目标。

___________________________________________________________________________________ 2） 尽管他已经说了很多遍“对不起”，他的女朋友还是不愿意原谅他。

___________________________________________________________________________________

3. I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day-a day of pure magic!

我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情---这可是奇妙至及的一天。 [解释]with+宾语+宾语补足语 在句中充当状语，表伴随，原因等 [典例]

1) The teacher came in with a thick book in her hand.老师走了进来，手里拿着一本厚厚的书。 2) With a local villager leading the way, we found his house easily. 有当地村民带路，我们很容易就找到了他家。

3) With a lot of problems to solve, the newly-elected president felt like a cat on hot bricks. 由于有很多问题急待解决，新当选的总统急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。 [练习] 汉译英

1）我睡觉时喜欢开着窗。

___________________________________________________________________________________ 2）妈妈讲着故事，小孩很快就睡着了。

___________________________________________________________________________________

课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）

1.【原句】It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 在那个时期，杀人鲸，正如当时他们被称呼的，帮助捕鲸者捕杀在每年迁移途中的须鲸。

（本文中同类句I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times. 当时我以为只是一个故事罢了，但是后来我亲眼见过多次。） [模仿要点] 句子结构: 句子成分插入语，

【模仿1】在十九世纪早期，广州，正如西方世界所知道的，是世界最出名的港口之一。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 【模仿2】使我们感到惊奇的是，他所做的和他所说的没有任何联系。

_____________________________________________________________________________ 【模仿3】他有了一个新的发现，我认为那对科学来说是非常重要的。

_______________________________________________________________________________

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第四课时 被动语态(动词-ing形式的被动式)

动词的-ing形式回顾： 动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”和“现在分词” 两个部分。动词的-ing形

式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。

一、动词-ing形式的特征和种类 A.动词 -ing形式（已学）

动词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking.

动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture. B. 动词-ing形式的被动形式（本单元探究内容）

动词的-ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，动词ing形式一般需用被动形式. 1．一般式的被动形式

The question being discussed is very important. I can't stand being kept waiting. 2．完成式的被动形式

I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team. Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the school library. C. 动词-ing形式的否定形式

动词的-ing形式的否定形式是由not 加动词的-ing形式构成。 His not coming made everyone present very disappointed. I'm sorry for not being present at the meeting in time.

Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 二、动词的-ing形式的用法回顾（已学） A.动词的-ing形式作主语

1．动词的-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。 Seeing is believing.

Collecting stamps is interesting.

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