2016 美国文学复习资料(1)(8)

3. Analyze the writing style of the author. --- O· Henry is a master of surprise endings, who wrote about the life of ordinary people in New York City. Typical for O· Henry \'s stories is a twist of plot which turns on an ironic or coincidental circumstance. In his works, O· Henry presents the panorama of the American people to readers with ironic and humorous tone

Passage 13

Standing on the bare ground-my head bathed by the blithe air and uplifted into

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that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator上帝 with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.

3. 生活像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。将它握在手中观察，它的暗红有

血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹。抿一口留在口中回味，它的甘甜有一丝苦涩，如人生一般复杂迷离。喝一口下肚，余香润人心肺，让人终受益。红酒越陈越美味，生活越丰富越美好。当人生走向晚年，就如一瓶待开封的好酒，其色彩是沉静的，味道中充满慷慨与智慧。Life is like a cup of wine; people who love it discover inexhaustible wonders from it. Hold in the hand and gaze at it, the dark red color is reminiscent of the blood, which is the impress of life. Take a sip of it and appreciate the taste, the bittersweet flavor is exactly the same with life, which is complicated and blurred. Once the sip is swallowed, the lingering fragrance pleases the heart and refreshes the mind, leaving a person lifelong benefit. There was a remarkable resemblance between life and wine: the taste becomes more delicious as the wine mellows, just as life gets better as it becomes more abundant. When life comes to twilight years, it looks calm and tastes full of wisdom and generosity, just like a bottle of wine to be savored.

4. 在海明威的作品中，其主要人物或主角由于具有共同的人格素质，相似的人生经历，并存

在于相同的生存环境，人物在冲突中的反应，人物对环境对自我的认识和态度，以及人物被塑造的手段所具有的连贯性，使这些人物形成了一个可辨认的群体特征。当评论家们注意并研究这一共同特征时，他们运用了一个被广泛接受的字眼来概述它，即―硬汉式‖主角模式。--- In Hemingway’s works, there exists certain group features identifiable in the protagonists, or the \'heroes\', portrayed by Hemingway, due to the act that these characters share identical personalities and life experiences and that they bear similar attitudes towards society and themselves. Their way of life could be commonly recognized by the way in which they respond to conflicts as well as the way in which they are depicted. The critics in their description of these characters used the term \'code hero\', quite inaccurately over-generalizing the common features of them, to refer to all the heroes in Hemingway\'s stories.

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5. In that dizzy moment her feet to her scarce seemed to touch the ground, and a

moment brought her to the water\'s edge. Right on behind they came; and, nerved with strength such as God gives only to the desperate, with one wild cry and flying leap, she vaulted sheer over the turbid current by the shore, on to the raft of ice beyond. It was a desperate leap – impossible to anything but madness and despair; and Haley, Sam, and Andy, instinctively cried out, and lifted up their hands, as she did it. --- 一瞬间, 伊莱扎几乎脚不沾地地飞到河边, 追捕她的人紧跟在身后。在老天给予绝望者的非凡力量的帮助下, 她纵身一跳, 越过岸边的混水, 跳到了远处的冰筏上。那是拼死的一跳, 只有在疯狂或绝望时才会有这样的一跳。看着伊莱扎这样的跳跃, 赫利、山姆、艾迪都本能地大喊起来, 同时举起了双手。

6. The huge green fragment of ice on which she alighted pitched and creaked as her

weight came on it, but she staid there not a moment. With wild cries and desperate energy she leaped to another and still another cake; stumbling -- leaping -- slipping -- springing upwards again! Her shoes are gone -- her stockings cut from her feet -- while blood marked every step; but she saw nothing, felt nothing, till dimly, as in a dream, she saw the Ohio side, and a man helping her up the bank. --- 她跳上去的那块巨大的绿色冰授在她身体的重压下左摇右晃, 发出了咯吱吱的响声, 但她不能有片刻停留, 她狂叫着用尽力气跳到了一块冰筷上, 接着是另一块, 滑倒了, 站起来再跳。鞋子 掉了, 袜子划破了, 每走一步都留下斑斑血迹。但她什么也不看, 什么也不昕, 身上也没什么感觉, 最后, 好像在梦中似的, 她隐约看 到了俄亥俄河的岸边, 一个男子把她扶上了岸。 Ⅶ literary essay writing(15分 x 1题 = 15分)

Example :Freneau and The Wild Honey Suckle

This is one of the most quoted works of Freneau. It was written in 1786 in regular 4 tetrameter stanzas, with 6 lines for each stanza and a rhyme scheme of \\on the religious theme and either in style or structurally they imitated English poets.

A philosophical meditation is indicated by the description of the fate of a trivial wild plant. In this poem, the poet writes with the strong implication that, though in the work no one is presented in person, human beings may at times envy the flower. This

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