B. comment on some popular ways of family education
C. present some good ways of handling troublesome children
D. offer parents some good suggestions on children education
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the same passage. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.
Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society's understanding—the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.
Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
\has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country's founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational
opportunity for all children—the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of their capacity, whether that capacity is small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children—disabled or not—to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programmes, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programmes.
6. In Paragraph 2, the writer cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that ________________.
A. the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the society
B. the growth of exceptional children has little to do with their family and the society
C. exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society
D. exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children are
7.
What aspects of a society can be reflected by education? A. The national economic development. B. The international status of the society.
C. The superstitious beliefs of the society.
D. The central values of the society.
8. The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that ________________. A. they are expected to be leaders of the society
B. they might become a burden of the society
C. they should fully develop their potentials
D. their teachers like them very much
9. From the last paragraph, we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children ________________. A. is now enjoying legal support
B. disagrees with the tradition of the country
C. was clearly stated by the country's founders
D. will exert great influence over court decisions
10. This passage mainly deals with ________________.
A. the differences of children in their learning capabilities
B. the definition of exceptional children in modern society
C. the special educational programmes for exceptional children
D. the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the same passage. Do you see the glass as half-full rather than half-empty? Do you keep your eyes upon the doughnut, not upon the hole? Suddenly these clichés are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize (仔细检查) the power of positive thinking. Research is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. If we could teach people to think more positively, it would be like inoculating (注射预防针) them against these mental ills.
Your habits count, but the belief that you can succeed affects whether or not you will. In part, that's because optimists and pessimists deal with the same challenges and disappointments in very different ways. When things go wrong the pessimist tends to blame himself. \But the optimist looks for loopholes. Negative or positive, it is a self-fulfilling prophecy. If people feel hopeless they don't bother to acquire the skills they need to succeed.
A sense of control is the litmus test (试金石) for success. The optimist feels in control of their own life. If things are going badly, they act quickly, looking for solutions, forming a new plan of action, and reaching out for advice. The pessimist feels like fate's plaything and moves slowly. They don't seek advice, since they assume nothing can be done. Many studies suggest that the pessimist's feeling of helplessness undermines the body's natural defences, the immune system. Research has found that the pessimist doesn't take good care of themselves. Feeling passive and unable to dodge life's blows, they expect ill health and other misfortunes, no matter what they do. They munches (大力嚼) on junk food, avoid exercise, ignore the doctor, have another drink.
Most people are a mix of optimism and pessimism, but are inclined in one direction or the other. It is a pattern of thinking learned at our mothers' knees. It grows out of thousands of cautions or
encouragements, negative statements or positives ones. Too many \fearful, and pessimistic. Pessimism is a hard habit to break, but it can be done.
11. Pessimism is negative in that ________________.
A. it makes you see the glass as half-empty
B. it keeps your eyes on the hole of the doughnut
C. it may lead to some mental ills
D. it makes you more ambitious and competitive
12. Which of the following statement is true according to the
passage?
A. Personal habits are of no importance to success.
B. Positive thinking is very important to success.
C. Pessimists don't have the skills to make success.
D. Optimists tend to blame themselves for failures.
13. Faced with difficulties and troubles, an optimist
________________.
A. takes active measures to deal with them
B. does nothing but wait and see
C. seeks no advice or help
D. loses control of his own life
14. Which of the following is typical of a pessimist?
A. Taking good care of himself.
B. Feeling in control of life.
C. Feeling helpless and passive.
D. Refusing both junk food and exercise.
15. From the last paragraph, it can be inferred that
________________.
A. there are more pessimists than optimists
B. some children are born to be pessimists
C. there's no way to change pessimists into optimists
D. childhood experiences influence people's thinking pattern
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the same passage.
It's a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your doormat. Light up the stove and you could burn down the house. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn you of the coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable (有赔偿责任的) for their customers' misfortunes.
Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn, among other things, that you might—fall off. The label on a child's Batman cape cautions that the toy \
While warnings are often appropriate and necessary—the dangers of drug interactions, for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. About 50 per cent of the companies lose when injured customers take them to court.
Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything. In May, Julie Nimmons, President
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