家兔实验性肺水肿实验条件探讨

家兔实验性肺水肿实验条件探讨

殷骏1，徐刚1，许蜀闽1，刘福玉1

（1. 重庆市沙坪坝区高滩岩第三军医大学高原军事医学系专管共用实验室，400038） 摘要：目的：家兔实验性肺水肿是病理生理学课程中最经典的实验之一，本实验的目的是探索复制家兔实验性肺水肿动物模型中生理盐水注入速率、生理盐水注入量以及肾上腺素注入量三者之间的最佳条件，明确它们在肺水肿形成过程中的作用。方法：每个变量各设计3个水平，根据正交设计表L934得到9个实验组[1]，实验组动物麻醉、插管、输入生理盐水与注入肾上腺素后，观察家兔血压、呼吸、心率与肺系数变化，并听诊湿啰音出现时间。结果：实验组家兔均发生不同程度的肺水肿，实验组过程中动物呈现血压先升高后下降及心率减慢的现象，并出现呼吸抑制的表现，湿啰音在75ml/kg生理盐水注入量、100滴/min速率静滴生理盐水与0.45mg/kg注入肾上腺素实验组出现最快，且与其余组差异显著（P<0.05）；湿啰音在50ml/kg生理盐水注入量、10滴/min速率注入生理盐水与0.15mg/kg注入肾上腺素实验组出现最慢，且与其余组差异显著（P<0.05）。结论：成功复制出家兔急性肺水肿最佳模型，对以后学生实验设计有参考价值。

关键词： 肺水肿；正交设计；肾上腺素

ABSTRACT: The experiment of pulmonary edema of rabbit was one of the most classic experiment in the pathophysiology, the aim of research was to explore how fast the velocity of Sodium Chloride was injected and how much Sodium Chloride and adrenaline were injected, and we can knew how these factors bring about pulmonary edema. Every factor was designed three level, According to the tabel L934, we can get nine groups of experiment, Every group of rabbit was anesthetized, then the left vein and right artery and trachea were intubated with plastic vessel, after Sodium Chloride was dripped in left vein with the same velocity, adrenaline was dripped in ear vein with the same velocity, we recorded the blood pressure and the frequency of respiration and heart rate, we calculated the pulmonary coefficient, and we auscultate when wet tympanitic occurred in. Every group of experiment of rabbit all occur pulmonary edema. We find that the blood pressure and heart rate elevated ahead in every group of rabbit. Then the blood pressure and heart rate lowered in every groop of rabbit. When we injected 75ml/kg sodium chloride and dripped sodium chloride with 10ml/min, while we dripped adrenaline with 0.5mg/kg from ear vein, wet tympanitic occurred in the group of rabbit most quickly(P<0.05); When we injected 50ml/kg sodium chloride and dripped sodium chloride with 0.5ml/min, while we dripped adrenaline with 0.15mg/kg from ear vein, wet tympanitic occurred in the group of rabbit most slowly(P<0.05). Key words: pulmonary edema; orthogonal design; adrenaline;

家兔实验性肺水肿病理动物模型的复制是高等医学院校病理生理学实验课最常采用的实验教学内容。目前国内各医学院校常用得是复制家兔急性肺水肿模型，复制该模型的两种常

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