2017年高考真题（全国II卷）英语含解析(2)

D. They have similar characteristics.

26.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Their belief.

B. Their care for children. C. Their success.

D. Their support for each other.

27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To show his love of films. B. To remember a friend. C. To introduce a new movie. D. To share his acting experience.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时，Paul Newman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。 24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well

known as Paul”可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。

25.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors:

humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen”可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。

【名师点睛】

本文前三题均考查了细节题。在完成细节题时，学+要特别注意排除干扰项。

如24题中的A项“Paul Newman wanted it.”属于“颠倒黑白”类干扰项，根据“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”可知制片人不想要我，说明A项明显错误。

干扰项的设置方法除了“颠倒黑白”之外，通常还有以下几种方式：

1. 张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。 2. 偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。

3. 无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。 考点：考查记叙文阅读

C

Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle —named the Transition – has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.

Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost $279,000.And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway. Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.

Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia

says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.

28. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The basic data of the Transition. B. The advantages of flying cars. C. The potential market for flying cars. C. The designers of the Transition. 29. Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?

A. It causers traffic jams. B. It is difficult to operate. C. It is very expensive. D. It burns too much fuel. 30. What is the government’s attitude to the development of the flying car?

A. Cautious B. Favorable. C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving. 31. What is the best title for the text?

A. Flying Car at Auto Show B. The Transition’s First Flight C.Pilots’ Dream Coming True D. Flying Car Closer to Reality

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Terrafugia公司研制出了飞车，试飞成功，预计将于明年进行销售。本文主要对飞车的历史由来及其构架进行了介绍。

28.A 【解析】段落大意题。根据“The vehicle-named the Transition – has two seats wheels and wings that fold up

so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and bums 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.”可知选A。

29.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost

$279,000”可知，因为Transition 的价格较高，所以不太可能在太多的马路上出现。故选C。

30.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据“he government has already permitted the company to use special materials to

make it easier for the vehicle to fly”以及“Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraf”可知，政府对于飞车的研发是比较支持的。故选B。

31.D 【解析】标题归纳题。浏览全文，主要从飞车的试飞成功、飞车的构架以及多年以前人们对飞车的

设想至今成为现实展开说明。故选D。

D

When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.

Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbours react. Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch. In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.

Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.

Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on. 32. What does a plant do when it is under attack? A. It makes noises. C. It stands quietly

B. It gets help from other plants. D. It sends out certain chemicals.

33. What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3? A. The attackers get attacked. B. The insects gather under the table. C. The plants get ready to fight back. D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.

34.Scientists find from their studies that plants can . A. predict natural disasters

B. protect themselves against insects D. help their neighbors when necessary

C. talk to one another intentionally

35.what can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The world is changing faster than ever. B. People have stronger senses than before C. The world is more complex than it seems D. People in Darwin’s time were imaginative.

【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，当植物受到攻击时，会发出VOCs，以此来保护自己或者与周围的植物通过化学物质进行交流。

32.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular

smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm”可知，当植物受到伤害时，会分泌一种特殊的化学物质。

33.A 【解析】词义推测题。根据“Once they arrive,the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now

becomes lunch”，一旦它们到达这里，这些攻击者就会受到植物的攻击，故选A。 34.B 【解析】细节理解题，根据“Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being

attacked” 及“Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away... ”可知答案选B。

35.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据“imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world

we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on”可知，这个世界远比我们看到或听到的更热闹、更亲密，我们认知能力有限，有很多事仍在继续发生，远比我们想象的要复杂。故选C。 【名师点睛】

本文33题属于词义猜测题。我们可以根据后句“Once they arrive, the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch”中的lunch,说明攻击者会成为午餐以及“When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly植物受到攻击时，不会坐以待毙”，故the tables are turned意为“The plants get ready to fight back.植物准备反击”。本题属于典型的理由上下文语境推测。

近几年高考阅读中猜测词义考查方法多样化，其中根据上下文语境推测将会越来越多。根据上下文语境作出判断：有时短文中出现一个需猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义域解

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