毕业设计---发酵法年产5万吨乙醇的工艺设计

发酵法年产5万吨乙醇的工艺设计

[摘 要]：乙醇的生产过程包括原料除杂，粉碎，液化，糖化，除菌，发酵，精馏这几个主要的过程。本设计简述了从木薯原料预

处理、液化、酶糖化到发酵生产后处理整个发酵乙醇生产工艺流程，主要完成了发酵段，精馏段的计算及附属设备的选型。

[关键词]：乙醇 ；发酵；精馏

Technological Design of 50,000 tons by fermentation of

ethanol Every Year.

[Abstract]:

Ethanol production process includs these major processes: raw material impurity, grinding, liquefied, saccharification, sterilization, fermentation, distillation. The design brief pretreatment of raw materials from cassava, liquefaction,

saccharification enzyme fermentation production to post-processing the entire production process,and the major assignments are calculated fermentation, distillation section and selecting of pumps and storage tanks.

[Keywords]: Ethanol ;Fermentation; Distillation

- II -

目 录

摘 要 .............................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................II 1 概述 ........................................................................................................... 1

1.1乙醇的性质及质量标准 .............................................................................. 1 1.1.1物理性质 ................................................................................................ 1 1.1.2化学性质 ................................................................................................ 1 1.1.3生化性 .................................................................................................... 1 1.1.4质量标准 ................................................................................................ 1 1.2乙醇生产的意义及发展史 .......................................................................... 2 1.2.1乙醇生产的意义 .................................................................................... 2 1.2.2乙醇生产的发展 .................................................................................... 2 1.3乙醇的应用领域 .......................................................................................... 3 1.4主要生产工艺 .............................................................................................. 3 1.4.1合成法 .................................................................................................... 3 1.4.2发酵法 .................................................................................................... 4

2 建厂可行性分析 ...................................................................................... 8

2.1 需求和拟建规模 ......................................................................................... 8 2.1.1原料简介 ................................................................................................ 8 2.1.2木薯原料的优势 .................................................................................... 8 2.1.3乙醇市场分析 ........................................................................................ 8 2.2主要建设条件 .............................................................................................. 8 2.3 环境保护及废物处理 ................................................................................. 8 2.4 企业组织管理 ............................................................................................. 8 2.5 资金筹措方式 ............................................................................................. 9

3 乙醇发酵工艺 ........................................................................................ 10

3.1木薯的处理 ................................................................................................ 10 3.1.1原料除杂 .............................................................................................. 10 3.1.2原料粉碎 .............................................................................................. 10 3.1.3原料输送 .............................................................................................. 11 3.2液化和糖化 ................................................................................................ 11 3.2.1液化 ...................................................................................................... 11 3.2.2糖化 ...................................................................................................... 12 3.3乙醇发酵 .................................................................................................... 12 3.3.1乙醇发酵常用的微生物 ...................................................................... 12 3.3.2酵母生长条件 ...................................................................................... 13 3.3.3酵母的培养工艺 .................................................................................. 14

- III -

3.3.4发酵乙醇的机理 .................................................................................. 15 3.3.5乙醇发酵工艺 ...................................................................................... 15 3.3.6乙醇发酵的成熟指标 .......................................................................... 15 3.4空气除菌与设备 ....................................................................................... 16

4 物料衡算 ................................................................................................ 18

4.1原料消耗的计算 ........................................................................................ 18 4.1.1每吨95%乙醇木薯干的消耗量 ......................................................... 18 4.1.2每吨95%乙醇α-淀粉酶的消耗量 ..................................................... 18 4.1.3每吨95%乙醇糖化酶的消耗量 ......................................................... 18 4.2醪液量的计算 ............................................................................................ 19 4.3发酵过程的计算 ........................................................................................ 20 4.3.1发酵罐的计算 ...................................................................................... 20 4.3.2发酵热的计算 ...................................................................................... 21 4.3.3成熟醪发酵液中乙醇含量 .................................................................. 22 4.4 产品精制 ................................................................................................... 22 4.4.1 计算机模拟结果 ................................................................................. 23 4.4.2塔高与塔径 .......................................................................................... 24 4.4.3塔(T-2)塔板主要工艺尺寸 .................................................................. 29 4.4.3.1 溢流装置的计算 .............................................................................. 29 4.4.3.2 塔板分块 .......................................................................................... 31 4.4.3.3 筛板计算 .......................................................................................... 31 4.4.3.4 筛板的流体力学验算 ...................................................................... 31 4.4.4 塔板负荷性能图的计算 ..................................................................... 32 4.5换热器选型 ................................................................................................ 36 4.5.1塔（T-1）塔顶冷凝器（E-1） .......................................................... 36 4.5.2塔（T-2）塔顶冷凝器（E-2） .......................................................... 36 4.6储罐选型 .................................................................................................... 37 4.6.1储罐(V-1) ............................................................................................. 37 4.6.2其它储罐选型 ...................................................................................... 37 4.7泵的选型 .................................................................................................... 37 4.7.1泵(P-1) .................................................................................................. 37 4.7.2其它泵的选型 ...................................................................................... 38 4.8小结 ............................................................................................................ 38

5 全厂总平面设计 .................................................................................... 40

5.1总平面设计任务及内容 ............................................................................ 40 5.1.1总平面设计任务 .................................................................................. 40 5.1.2工厂组织 .............................................................................................. 40 5.2总平面设计原则 ........................................................................................ 40

- IV -

5.3总平面布置论述 ........................................................................................ 40 5.4 辅助车间设施 ........................................................................................... 41 5.4.1 质检室 ................................................................................................. 41 5.4.2 仓库 ..................................................................................................... 41 5.4.3 机修间 ................................................................................................. 41 5.4.4 污水处理 ............................................................................................. 41 5.4.5 生活设施 ............................................................................................. 42 5.5 供电系统 ................................................................................................... 42 5.5.1 供电要求和相应措施 ......................................................................... 42 5.5.2 车间配电原则 ..................................................................................... 42 5.5.3 主车间配电 ......................................................................................... 42 5.6 用水系统 ................................................................................................... 42 5.6.1乙醇厂用水分类 .................................................................................. 42 5.6.2给水系统和配水系统 .......................................................................... 42 5.6.3冷却水循环系统 .................................................................................. 42 5.6.4排水系统 .............................................................................................. 42

6 人力组织 ................................................................................................ 43

6.1 基本原则 ................................................................................................... 43 6.1.1 劳动力组织原则 ................................................................................. 43 6.1.2 企业组织原则 ..................................................................................... 43 6.2 车间劳动制度 ........................................................................................... 43 6.3 乙醇生产车间人员编制 ........................................................................... 43

符号说明..................................................................................................... 44 致谢 ............................................................................................................. 45 参考文献..................................................................................................... 46 附录一 工艺流程图 .................................................................................. 47 附录二 筛板塔（T-2）条件图 ................................................................. 48 附录三 车间平面布置图 .......................................................................... 49 附录四 车间立面图 .................................................................................. 50

- V -

百度搜索“77cn”或“免费范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读，免费范文网，提供经典小说综合文库毕业设计---发酵法年产5万吨乙醇的工艺设计在线全文阅读。