01第五篇常见错误一览表[1](7)

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第五篇、 常见错误

［析］ in hospital为\住院就医\。而in (at) the hospital 为\在医院(工作)\。如：He is a doctor in (at) the hospital.类似的用法还有很多，如：\上学\为go to school，at school为\在校就读\，go to bed为\上床睡觉\。? how ? ［误］ ［正］ ［析］ ［误］

I want to know how to do.? I want to know how to do it.?

how 是关联副词，要注意与关联代词的不同用法。如：I want to know what to do. How do you think about it??

［正］ What do you think about it??

［析］ 英文中表达你对某事的看法如何应用What do you think about…这一句式。? hurry ?

［误］ Let's hurry. There is a little time left.? ［正］ Let's hurry. There is little time left.? ［误］ Don't worry. There is little time left.? ［正］ Don't worry. There is a little time left.?

［析］ 请注意英语中的惯用法：\快点吧，没时间了\，或\别着急还有一点时间。\? ［误］ The car is hurrying through the street.? ［正］ The car is rushing throught the street.? ［析］ hurry一词只用于人而不用于物体。? hundred ?

［误］ There are two hundreds people here.? ［正］ There are two hundred people here.? ［误］ There are hundred of people here.? ［正］ There are hundreds of people here.?

［析］ hundred一词前如有数字时不论多少其后都不加?s，这和thousand(千)等数量词的用法一样，而hundreds of是数百的，这一词组一定要加?s.? hurt ?

［误］ I don't want to wound her feelings.? ［正］ I don't want to hurt her feelings.?

［析］ wound是指战场上的刀枪伤(名词)，或用刀枪\伤害\、\打伤\动词)。 I if ?

［误］ If it will rain I won't go to school tomorrow.? ［正］ If it rains I won't go to school tomorrow.? ［析］ 由if引起的状语从句要用一般时表示将来。? ［误］ I want to know if he comes here tomorrow.? ［正］ I want to know if he will come here tomorrow.?

［析］ if所引起的如果是宾语从句则不能用一般现在时表示将来。? ［误］ I want to know if it will rain tomorrow he will come or not.?

［正］ I want to know if it rains tomorrow he will come or not.?

［析］ 这里的if从句是整个宾语从句的条件状语，所以，还应用一般时表示将来。? ill ?

［误］ He spent many years looking after his ill father.? ［正］ He spent many years looking after his sick father.? 31

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ill一般不作定语。? in ?

第五篇、 常见错误

［析］ ill和sick都可以作表语，如： I'm ill (sick). 美国英语中常用sick， 而英国英语中两者都可用，但

［误］ In a cold morning, I went to school alone.? ［正］ On a cold morning, I went to school alone.?

［析］ 在in the morning或in the afternoon词组中，不论在这两个名词的前或后加任何修饰词，其介词in都要变为on.?

［误］ I will finish it after two days.?

［正］ I will finish it in two days.?

［析］ 中文中几天以后可以完成，或几天后来取，在译为英文时都不要用after，而要用in.如： He will be back in a few days.? in into ?

作为副词应用in，而不能用into，如： Come in, please. 又若在句中不涉及到动词的位置，只是表达空间的位置时用in，如： The teacher in the office is my mother. 但在go, run, come, walk, dive等词后则要用into. 如： She dives into the river.? instead ?

［误］ The boy stayed in bed all day instead to go to school.? ［正］ The boy stayed in bed all day instead of going to school.?

［析］ instead of其后要接动名词、名词或代词，而不能用不定式，如： I choose this book instead of that one.?

［误］ The beer here is not good, so I drink wine instead of it.?

［正］ The beer here is not good, so I drink wine instead.? ［析］ instead是副词，而instead of是介词短语。如： If you are not free, you may come another day instead.?

interest ?

［误］ He has a great interest for physics.? ［正］ He has a great interest in physics.?

［误］ He has some interest in many companies.? ［正］ ［析］ ［误］ ［正］

He has some interests in many companies.?

interest作为\兴趣\讲可用作不可数名词，但作为\利息\、\股份\讲时为可数名词。? This is an interested book.? This is an interesting book.?

［析］ 修饰物时应用interesting, 如，an interesting film，而讲某人对某事感兴趣时要用过去分词interested，如： I'm interested in this play. 但\他是一个十分有趣的人\。应译为He is an interesting man. 所以interesting是\令人感兴趣\之意，而interested则表示某人对某事物感兴趣，多用\这一句型。?

invent ?

［误］ America was invented by Christopher Columbus in 1492.? ［正］ America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492.?

［析］ invent意为\发明\即从无到有，如： Compass was invented by the Chinese people. 而discover则意为\发现\。?

it ?

［误］ That takes me ten years to finish this work.? ［正］ It takes me ten years to finish this work.? 32

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主语或形式宾语，如： I think it difficult to learn English well.? J?

第五篇、 常见错误

［析］ it在这个句中的语法作用是形式主语，而真正的主语是句子后面的不定式。有的句子要用it作形式

join ?

［误］ Did you attend the football club?? ［正］ Did you join the football club??

［析］ join经常用于参加某个团体、政党，并作为其中的一个成员；attend则重点强调出会议、到场，而不一定进行具体活动，如： Did you attend the meeting yesterday?而take part in则强调参与某些具体活动或运动，如： I take part in the football game. ? just ?

［误］ I have finished my work just now.?

［正］ I finished my work just now.?

［析］ just now意义\刚才\，所以句中的谓语动词要用过去式。? ［误］ Just I won the game.? ［正］ I just won the game.?

［析］ just单独使用时不应放在句首，而应放于① be动词之后，如： He is just a student.② 名词与一般动词之间。③ 用在第一助动词之后，如： I have just returned home. 但just与其他词组成词组时，如just now, just then, 则可用于句首和句尾。如： Just then he saw the bus coming.?

just justly ?

just常用于三种含意： ① 恰好，如： It's just five o'clock. ② 仅仅，相当于only, 如： I have just enough money to buy a dictionary. ③ 不久前，如： I just missed my old friend; He left a few minutes ago. 而justly其意为\公正的\，如： He was justly punished for his crimes.? Ｋ? keep ?

［误］ She was keeping something to her father.?

［正］ She was keeping something from her father.?

［析］ \对某人隐瞒某事\要用\句型。?

［误］ He kept to repeat the word again and again.? ［正］ He kept repeating the word again and again.?

［析］ keep doing something为连续不断地做某事。有时可以与keep on doing something互换。它们的区别在于keep doing something意为该动作一直不停地在进行中，如： When the train started, she kept waving her hand. 而keep on doing something则表示该动作可能停停顿顿但却一直在进行中，如： He kept on making the same mistakes in grammar.

［误］ We must keep up the times.?

［正］ We must keep up with the times.?

［析］ 这句话意为\我们必须赶上时代\，keep up with是\赶上\之意，而keep up则是\坚持下去\的意思，如： Keep it up, don't stop now!? key ?

［误］ I lost the key of the door.? ［正］ I lost the key to the door.?

［析］ 英语中讲某某的东西一般要用of，而key, entrance, answer则多用to，如：\门的钥匙\为key to the door, \高速公路入口\为entrance to the highway, \问题的答案\为the answer (key) to the question.? kind ? 33

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［误］ This kind of books are not good.?

第五篇、 常见错误

［正］ This kind of books is not good.?

［析］ kind在这种句式中应作为主语，如果讲Those kinds of books are very good. 则是正确的。? kind sort type ?

kind和sort为同义词，意为\种类\，而type则为\型号\，如： What type of this car do you want?(你想要这种车的什么型号?)? knock ?

［误］ Someone was knocking the door.?

［正］ Someone was knocking at the door.?

［析］ knock虽可以作及物动词，如： The car knocked a hole in the fence. 但作\敲门\讲一定要用作不及物动词： knock at (on) the door.? know ?

［误］ I want to know to play this game.? ［正］ I want to know how to play this game.?

［析］ 要注意英语中在不定式前加疑问代词或疑问副词的用法。如：I want to know how to do it / what to do / when to do it / where to go.? know know of ?

I know him.为\我很了解他。\而I know of him. 则为\我听说过他。\同样的用法还有hear和hear of这一词组。? L ?

large ?

［误］ He found a large number of mistake in his homework.? ［正］ He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.? ［析］ \复数名词\，意为大量的。? last ?

［误］ This is the newest news.? ［正］ This is the latest news.?

［析］ \最新消息\应为latest news，因为最晚到的新闻才是最新消息，请注意英语与汉语的区别。? last the last ?

［误］ I saw my brother the last week.? ［正］ I saw my brother last week.?

［析］ 当谈到与目前有关的上月、上星期等概念时只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠词，the last 可用于表示一系列词的最后一个，如： That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用来表示持续到现在的一个长时期，如： I am busy for the last week.? late ?

［误］ Yesterday I went home lately.?

［正］ Yesterday I went home late.?

［析］ late即可做形容词又可作副词；而lately则意为\最近的\，如： I haven't seen her lately.? late latter later lately ?

late有两个比较级，指时间较晚应用later，如口语中常讲： See you later. (一会见。)而latter则指按顺序讲的后者，或靠后的，其反意词为former，如： the former president(前总统)。又如： I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately则意为\近来\、\不久前\。?laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。?laugh over 则指\笑着谈论\某事，如 We laugh over the film. (我们笑着谈论那个电影。)? 34

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lay ?

［误］ We lied on the beach.? ［正］ We lay on the beach.?

第五篇、 常见错误

［析］ 英文中有三个动词易混，在考试中也频频出现，它们的现在式，过去式，过去分词以及现在分词是： ?

lay (?vt?. 放) laid laid laying? lie(?vi?. 躺) lay lain cying? lie(?vi?. 说谎) lied lied lying?

learn ?

［误］ The teacher said：\ou must study this poem by heart.\? ［正］ The teacher said：\ou must learn this poem by heart.\?

［析］ study与learn在作\学习\讲时，常常可以互换，但learn侧重于学习成果或初级阶段的模仿性学习，如：The little baby is learning to walk. 而study则多侧重于学习的过程，如： I'm studying at this college. 而learn…by heart则是\记住\、\背诵\之意。? leave ?

［误］ I'll leave Beijing to Shanghai.? ［正］ I'll leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

［析］ leave for一词组为\去某地\，如对话中常讲I'll leave for Shanghai. 因所离开的地点是双方都知道的则可以省略。?

leave forget ?

［误］ I've forgotten my homework at home.? ［正］ I've forgotten my homework.? ［正］ I've left my homework at home.?

［析］ 如果句中有地点状语则不要用forget, 而要用leave.? lesson ?

［误］ I have two lessons of English.? ［正］ I have two English lessons.? ［正］ I have two lessons in English.?

［析］ \我有两节英语课。\这一表达法如上，但美国老师讲他有两节课时则多用\?teach somebody a lesson 为\教训某人\，或\要吸取教训\，如： Let this thing teaches you a lesson.? lend ?

［误］ Please borrow me your bike.?

［正］ Please lend me your bike.? ［析］ borrow是指\借入\，如： I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是\借出\，如： I can lend you my bike. 而keep为\借多久\： 如 How long can I keep it?? less ?

［误］ He has fewer money than she has.?

［正］ He has less money than she has.?

［析］ less是little的比较级，而fewer是few的比较级。要注意前者修饰不可数名词，而后者修饰可数名词。? let ?

［误］ The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.? ［正］ The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

［析］ 虽然let, have, make有相同的用法，但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。 35

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