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A. Will 【答案】B
B. May C. Must D. Need
【解析】表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may。句意：“我可
以将这本书带出去吗？”“恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。
17.(天津卷)Mark _______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A. needn’t 【答案】A
【解析】根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用
needn’t have done 结构，表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。
18.(天津卷)－John went to the hospital alone.
－If he _______ me about it, I would have gone with him. A. should tell 【答案】D
【解析】前一句是陈述语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是would have
gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had+过去分词。句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。
19.(重庆卷)You park here! It’s an emergency exit. A. wouldn’t 【答案】D
【解析】由后面的 “这是一个紧急出口”可知, 这儿是禁止人们停车的, 所以用
“mustn’t”表示禁止某人做某事。
20.(浙江卷) “You ____ have a wrong number,” she said. “There’s no one of that name here.” A. need 【答案】C
【解析】肯定的猜测，用must。
21.(浙江卷)Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy
__ .
A. would have been saved C. will be saved
B. had been saved D. was saved
B. can
C. must
D. would
B. needn’t C. couldn’t
D. mustn’t
B. tells
C. told
D. had told
B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t
D. couldn’t
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【答案】A
【解析】根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known
about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .句意：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。
22.(上海卷)－Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. －Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must 【答案】C
【解析】此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have +过去分词。表示“本
来应该做，而未做”。
2011年
1.(新课标卷) They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A. will 【答案】D
【解析】will have done将来可以完成；can have done可能做过??吗？表示对过去行为
的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做。but their flight was delayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D。句意：他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。
2.(大纲卷) If you smoke, please go outside. A. can 【答案】C
【解析】must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C项。
句意：如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。
3.（北京卷）—I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?
—Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. A. must not 【答案】D
【解析】题干中的he wasn’t certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might
B. need not
C. would not
D. might not
B. should
C. must D. may
B. can C. must
D. should
B. mustn't C. should
D. shouldn't
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not。选D项。句意：“我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他？”“别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”
4.（北京卷）—Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined. —I wish they always late. A. weren’t been 【答案】A
【解析】wish后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。题干中出现了always，从句中用一般过
去时表示虚拟。句意：“孩子们在哪儿？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。”“我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”
5. Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied 【答案】C
【解析】then表示过去的时间，if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用过去完成时。
选C项。句意：或许那时我要是学了理科而不是文科的话，我现在就能给你更多的帮助了。
6.（天津卷）I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. A. had come come
【答案】 D
【解析】but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should /
would / could / might + have done表达，故选D项。句意：我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。
7.I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes. A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. daren’t
D. needn’t
B. was coming C. would come
D. would have
B. would study
C. had studied
D. was studying
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have
【答案】D
【解析】根据句意“我没有必要担心我的周末。在周末到来之前我总是会事先作好计划
的。”选择D项。needn’t do sth没有必要做某事。
8.（江苏卷）—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. —How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.
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A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen 【答案】B
【解析】will have stolen是将来完成时，表示到将来某个时间，某件事一定会发生，显然
不符合语境;should have stolen表示本该做某事，也不符合意思;must have stolen表示一定做了某事，显然错误。这里应该选用might have stolen表示说话者觉得包落在火车上，很有可能会被别人偷走的。句意：“我把包忘在火车上了，但幸运的是，有人拾到后交给了一位铁路官员。 “失而复得，简直令人难以置信！我的意思是，本来可能有人会偷走的。”
9.（福建卷）—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? —I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting . A. will B. must C. may D. can 【答案】B
【解析】must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句，选B项。句意：“需要我
现在就通知他计划有变吗？”“恐怕你得这样做，以防他开会迟到。”
10.（福建卷）—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. —I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended 【答案】D
【解析】对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D
项。句意：“真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。”“我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。”
11.（安徽卷）—What do you think of store shopping in the future? —Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _______. A. will never replace C. will never be replaced 【答案】C
【解析】根据I think it will exist along with home shopping，排除虚拟的选项D，这是表
B. would never replace D. would never be replaced
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示将来的时间，考虑到被动语态，选C项。句意：“你对将来的商店购物怎么看？”“我个人认为会与在家购物并存，但商店购物不会被取代。”
12.（浙江卷）—How’s your new babysitter?
—We ________ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. A. should 【答案】D
【解析】should应该；might可能，可以；mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不可能。根据句意选
D项。句意：“你们新来的保姆怎么样？”“我们不可能找到（比她）更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”
13.（四川卷）The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they . A. can 【答案】A
【解析】can可以，能够；may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。根据句意，选A
项。句意：警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。
14.（重庆卷）—Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?
— I wanted to ,but my mom simply ________ not let me out so late at night. A. could B. might should 【答案】C
21世纪教育网B. might C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
B. may C. must D. should
C. would D.
【解析】could可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不确定；would
愿意，偏要，表示意志；should应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。句意：“昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会？”“我想来的，但我妈妈就是不让我这么晚出来。”
15.（陕西卷）I________ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go gone 【答案】A
【解析】that bitter period表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would /
could / might + have done表达，故选A。句意：没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可
C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t
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