大学英语四级阅读理解练习题(8)

惩罚甚至会受到以前雇主的高度褒扬和推荐。

②【解析】“that”引导宾语从句，和“company”一起构成“tipped off”的双宾语。“tip off”，“提示，警告”。【译文】另一种情形，实施计算机犯罪的不满意的雇工警告雇主他们的公司将被抢劫。

③ 【解析】“of”后的句子都做“thought”的定语。 【译文】他们想到，计算机犯罪者可能会在法庭鼓吹他们是如何在公司行政人员、会计、以及安全保卫人员的鼻子底下篡改公司机密记录的。鉴于这种想法，他们(公司高层)犹豫了。 大学英语四级阅读练习（11）

Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex?both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties. A woman’s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play care-taker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other

hand men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents”.

The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is thus appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, household helpers, and clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. 『Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.』①

Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearance. So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require

each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is ample evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned.

『But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.』②

1. Women’s place, some people think, is the protective environment of the home because .

A. women can provide better care for the children B. women are too weak to do any agricultural work at all

C. women are biologically suited to domestic jobs D. women can not compete with men in any field 2. According to the author, sex roles . A. are socially determined

B. are emotionally and physically determined

C. can only be determined by what education people take D. are biologically and psychologically determined 3. The author points out that the assignments of women’s roles in work .

A. are determined by what they are better suited to B. grow out of their position inside the home C. reflect a basic difference between men and women D. are suitable to them, but not to men 4. The author will probably agree with . A. certain sociologists ’prediction that woman are picking up more responsibility in the decades to come B. historian’s general denial of women’s contribution towards human thoughts

C. Nietzsche’s contemplation about difference between sexes

D. entrepreneurs favoring particular sex when hiring employee

5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The division of sex-defined roles is completely unacceptable.

B. Women’s roles in work is too limited at present. C. In one society, men might perform what is considered women’s duties by another.

D. Some of the women’s roles in domestic duties can not be taken over by men.

Vocabulary

1.ideology n. 意识形态，思维方式 2.destiny n. 命运，定数

3.domestic adj. 家庭的，国内的 4.homemaker n. 家庭主妇 5.competitive adj. 竞争的，竞争性的 6.elementary school 小学 7.informal adj. 非正式的，不拘礼节的 8.reflection n. 反映，反省，反射 9.ample adj. 充足的，丰富

长难句解析

①【解析】according to the ideology做(禁止)语。 【译文】在劳动上男性工作和女性工作之间的非正式的区别，根据意识形态来说，只是性别之间基本差异的一个功能反映。 ②【解析】两个“that”引导的句子同时作“believe”的宾语。 【译文】但是人们相信性别之间生理上的不同是个定数，大自然想要男人和女人分别对社会做出不同的贡献，那么性别角色也就是完全可以接受的了

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10-11大学英语四级阅读练习（10）

One of the most interesting paradoxes in America today is that Harvard University, the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is now engaged in a serious debate about what a university should be, and whether it

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