Unity3d-地形制作教程 - 图文

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Unity3d-地形制作教程

Using Terrains 使用地形

Creating a new Terrain创建一个新的地形

A new Terrain can be created from Terrain->Create Terrain. This will add a Terrain to your Project and Hierarchy Views. 如要创建地形,点击Terrain->Create Terrain. 如下图所示

Your new Terrain will look like this in the Scene View: 刚创建好的地形在场景视图中如下图.

A new Terrain in Scene View

If you would like a differently sized Terrain, choose Terrain->Set Resolution from the menu bar. There are a number of settings that related to Terrain size which you can change from this dialog.

点击Terrain->Set Resolution,可以设置地形的大小.如下图所示.从上而下依次为地形的宽度,高度,长度,高度图像素,细节像素-草或其它细节贴图,像素,贴图像素—对应第二个及其之后的贴图,底层贴图像素-对应第一个贴图.

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Setting the resolution of your terrain.

On the above image, there are values that can be changed. These values are:

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Terrain Width: The width of the Terrain in units. Terrain Height: The height of the Terrain in units. Terrain Length: The length of the Terrain in units.

HeightMap Resolution: The HeightMap resolution for the selected Terrain.

Detail Resolution: The resolution of the map that controls grass and detail meshes. For performance reasons (to save on draw calls) the lower you set this number the better. Control Texture Resolution: The resolution of the splat map used to layer the different textures painted onto the Terrain.

Base Texture Resolution: The resolution of the composite texture that is used in place of the splat map at certain distances.

Navigating the Terrain

Terrains work a bit differently than other GameObjects. Most notably, there is no Transform Gizmo that allows you to position the Terrain. Instead, you use Brushes to paint and manipulate your Terrain. If you do want to reposition a Terrain, you can modify its Transform Position values in the Inspector. This allows you to move your Terrain around, but you cannot rotate or scale it.

地形对象与其他游戏对象有点不同,它没有转换轴,不可以通过鼠标直接改变它的坐标.如果要改变坐标,可以通过在属性面板修改.不过不可以旋转和缩放.

While your Terrain is selected in the Hierarchy, you can gracefully navigate the terrain with the F (focus) key. When you press F, wherever your mouse is positioned will be moved to the center of the Scene View. This allows you to touch up an area, and quickly zoom over to a different area and change something else. If your mouse is not hovering over an area of the Terrain when you press the F key, the entire Terrain will be centered in your Scene View.

地形被选择后,按F按可以以鼠标点击位置为中心察看地形.如果没有用鼠标点击任何一点,会以整个地形为中心察看地形.

Editing the Terrain 编辑地形

With the Terrain selected, you can look at the Inspector to see some incredible new Terrain editing tools.

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选择地形后,在属性面板会出现7个按钮以方便地形的编辑.从左到右依次为高度工具.特定高度工具.平滑工具.贴图工具.画树工具.细节工具.其他设置.如下图所示.

Terrain Editing Tools appear in the Inspector

Each rectangular button is a different Terrain tool. There are tools to change the height, paint splat maps, or attach details like trees or rocks. To use a specific tool, click on it. You will then see a short description of the tool appear in text below the tool buttons.

点击任何一个按钮,按钮下面都会出现关于此按钮的说明及相关的快捷键.

Most of the tools make use of a brush. Many different brushes are displayed for any tool that uses a brush. To select a brush, just click on it. The currently selected brush will display a preview when you hover the mouse over the terrain, at the size you have specified.

每个工具都有不同的笔刷.选取笔刷后,在地形上都会出现蓝色图形表示笔刷的范围.

You will use all of these brushes in the Scene View to paint directly onto your Terrain. Simply choose the tool and brush you want, then click & drag on the Terrain to alter it in real-time. To paint height, textures, or decorations, you must have the Terrain selected in the Hierarchy View.

花点时间熟悉这些工具.选取一个工具及笔刷,用拖放的方式就可以实时地编辑地形.F键,多用用这个键,你会发现没有它,修改地形是件困难与痛苦的事.享受它带来的方便吧…

Note: When you have a brush selected, move your mouse over the Terrain in the Scene View and press F. This will center the Scene View over the mouse pointer position and automatically zoom in to the Brush Size distance. This is the quickest & easiest way to navigate around your Terrain while creating it.

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Terrain Keyboard Shortcuts 地形编辑的快捷键

While Terrain Inspector is active, those keyboard shortcuts can be used for fast editing (all of them customizable in Unity Preferences): 以下是地形编辑的快捷键.只有在地形被选取后才可用.

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Shift-Q to Shift-Y selects active terrain tool. Shift-Q 到 Shift-Y 对应从左到右六个工具 Comma (,) and dot (.) cycle through active brush. 逗号和句号 向前或向后选取笔刷 Shift-comma (<) and Shift-dot (>) cycle through active tree/texture/detail object. Shift-逗号和Shift-句号 向前或向后选取树/贴图/细节物体.

以下是对各个工具的详细说明.

Height 地形高度工具

Using any of the Terrain editing tools is very simple. You will literally paint the Terrain from within the Scene View. For the height tools and all others, you just have to select the tool, and click the Terrain in Scene View to manipulate it in real-time.

使用地形工具画地形是很简单的.你所要做的就是选取工具,再用鼠标在地形上拖拽就可以实时地画出地形.不然,要画出游戏级别的地形,还要一张原画以及多多的练习.总体的思路就是先画高度,再分出层次,画贴图,画树以及增加细节.

Raising & Lowering Height

The first tool on the left is the Raise Height tool

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第一个工具:地形高度工具.

With this tool, you paint brush strokes that will raise the height of the Terrain. Clicking the mouse once will increment the height. Keeping the mouse button depressed and moving the mouse will continually raise the height until the maximum height is reached.

使用这个工具,可以依据笔刷的类型及强度画出隆起或凹陷的地形(初始时不可用).按鼠标一次,就会隆起地形.按住鼠标同时拖拽,可以不断隆起地形.直到达到最大高度.如下图所示.

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You can use any of the brushes to achieve different results 使用不同的笔刷可以得到不同的效果.

If you want to lower the height when you click, hold the Shift key. 如要凹陷地形,按住Shift 键.如下图所示 在做地形时,一个很重要的按键就是F键.多多用这个键吧.

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