2015年研究生考试英语一试题(word版)(2)

As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still trump Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, exigent circumstances, such as the threat of immediate harm, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more leeway. But the justices should not swallow California’s argument whole. New,

disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor who blogs on The Post’s Volokh

Conspiracy,comparesthe explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.

26. The Supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to

[A] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant. [B] check suspects’ phone contents without being authorized. [C] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents. [D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.

27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of [A] tolerance. [B] indifference. [C] disapproval. [D] cautiousness.

28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone content is comparable to [A] getting into one’s residence. [B] handing one’s historical records. [C] scanning one’s correspondences.

[D] going through one’s wallet.

29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that [A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed. [B] the court is giving police less room for action. [C] phones are used to store sensitive information. [D] citizens’ privacy is not effective protected. 30.Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that (A)the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.

(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution. (C)California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution. (D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.

Text3

The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.

“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.

Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.” Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory

role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”

31.According to Nancy Koehn,office language has become [A]more emotional [B]more object [C]less energetic [D]less stratcgic

32.”Team”oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to [A]historical incidents [B]gender difference [C]sport culture [D]athletic executives

33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology to [A]revive historical terms [B]promote company image [C]foster corporate cooperation [D]strengthen cmployee loyalty 34.It can bo inferred that Lean In . [A]voices for working women

[B]appeals to passionate workholics [C]triggers debates among mommies [D]parises motivated employees

35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak? [A]Managers admire it avoid it

[B] Linguists believe it to be nonsense [C]Companies find it to be fundamental [D]Regular people mock it but accept it

Text4

Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”. Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market. But “it’s us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit”.

Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought, making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This saga still unfolds.

In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing. In today’s world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation,

sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader

understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.

36. Accordign to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by (A) the consequences of the current sorting mechanism. (B) companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices (C) governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues. (D) the wide misuse of integrity among institutions. 37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that

(A) Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime. (B) more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking. (C) Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge. (D) phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions. 38. The author believes that Rebekah Brooks’s defence (A) revealed a cunning personality. (B) centered on trivial issues. (C) was hardly convincing. (D) was part of a conspiracy.

39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows (A) generally distorted values. (B) unfair wealth distribution. (C) a marginalized lifestyle.

百度搜索“77cn”或“免费范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读，免费范文网，提供经典小说综合文库2015年研究生考试英语一试题(word版)(2)在线全文阅读。