purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway (高速公路) capacity.
Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system way was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp (入口引道). As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to auto mated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a ―transition‖ lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers (非法进入者) could be swiftly identified by authorities.)
Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the driver would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax.
21. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways ________.
A) are being planned B) are being modified C) are now in wide use D) are under construction
22. A special purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that ________. A) it would require only minor changes to existing highways B) it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiency
C) it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehicles D) it offers more lanes for automated vehicles
23. Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?
A) Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations. B) A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.
C) The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it. D) The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.
24. We know from the passage that a car can enter a special purpose lane ________. A) by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional lane B) by way of a ramp with electronic control devices
C) through a specially guarded gate
D) after all trespassers are identified and removed
25. When driving in an automated lane, the driver ________. A) should harmonize with newly entering cars B) doesn‘t have to rely on his computer system C) should watch out for potential accidents
D) doesn‘t have to hold on to the steering wheel Passage Four
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels; and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline is ―intelligent.‖ Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day.
If you are happy, if you live each moment for everything it‘s worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N.B.D.—Nervous Break Down.
“Intelligent people do not have N.B.D.‘s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives.
You can begin to think of yourself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Every one who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N.B.D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don‘t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.
26. According to the author, the conventional notion of intelligence measured in terms of one‘s ability to read, write and compute ________. A) is a widely held but wrong concept
B) will help eliminate intellectual prejudice
C) is the root of all mental distress
D) will contribute to one‘s self fulfillment
27. It is implied in the passage that holding a university degree ________. A) may result in one‘s inability to solve complex real life problems B) does not indicate one‘s ability to write properly worded documents C) may make one mentally sick and physically weak D) does not mean that one is highly intelligent
28. The author thinks that an intelligent person knows ________. A) how to put up with some very prevalent myths B) how to find the best way to achieve success in tire C) how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhile D) how to persuade others to compromise
29. In the last paragraph, the author tells us that ________. A) difficulties are but part of everyone‘s life
B) depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in life C) everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstances
D) good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence 30. According to the passage, what kind of people are rare?
A) Those who don‘t emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit of happiness. B) Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappiness. C) Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer from N.B.D‘s.
D) Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle against trying circumstances.
Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
31. Starting with the ____D____ that there is life on the planet Mars, the scientist went on to develop his argument. A) premise B) pretext C) foundation D) presentation
32. After several nuclear disasters, a ____B____ has raged over the safety of nuclear energy. A) quarrel B) suspicion C) verdict
D) controversy
33. Their diplomatic principles complexly laid bare their ____B____ for world conquest. A) admiration
B) ambition
C) administration D) orientation
34. The director gave me his ____ C____ that he would double my pay if I did my job well.
A) warrant B) obligation C) assurance D) certainty
35. The Christmas tree was decorated with shining ____B____ such as colored lights and glass balls. A) ornaments B) luxuries C) exhibits
D) complements
36. The two most important ____D____ in making a cake are flour and sugar. A) elements B) components C) ingredients D) constituents
37. Cultural ____B____ indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one generation to another. A) translation B) transition C) transmission D) transaction
38. We must look beyond ____D____ and assumptions and try to discover what is missing.
A) justifications B) illusions
C) manifestations D) specifications
39. No one imagined that the apparently ____C____ businessman was really a criminal. A) respective B) respectable C) respectful D) realistic
40. If nothing is done to protect the environment, millions of spiders that are alive today will have become ____B____. A) deteriorated B) degenerated C) suppressed D) extinct
41. The ____C____ of the scientific attitude is that the human mind can succeed in understanding the universe. A) essence B) texture C) content D) threshold
42. The old lady has developed a ____C____ cough which cannot be cured completely in a short time. A) perpetual B) permanent
C) chronic长期的，慢性的 D) sustained
43. What the correspondent sent us is an ___C____ news report. We can depend on it.
A) evident B) authentic C) ultimate D) immediate
44. Having had her as a professor and adviser, I can tell you that she is an ____A____ force who pushes her students to excel far beyond their own expectations. A) inspirational B) educational C) excessive D) instantaneous
45. Some researchers feel that certain people have nervous systems particularly ____A____ to hot, dry winds. They are what we call weather sensitive people. A) subjective B) subordinate C) liable
D) vulnerable
46. Hurricanes are killer winds, and their ____B____ power lies in the physical damage they can do. A) cumulative B) destructive C) turbulent D) prevalent
47. In some countries, students are expected to be quiet and ____C____ in the classroom. A) skeptical B) faithful C) obedient D) subsidiary
48. In spite of the ____C____ economic forecasts, manufacturing output has risen slightly.
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