2018年潍坊市中考英语试题精校版(2)

40. C 细节理解题。文章最后一句“All of the gardens are led by kids between the ages of 9 and 16”可知，所有的菜园都由9~16岁的孩经营，C选项符合题意。

41. D 细节理解题。文章第四段第二句“Katie’s Krops plants gardens to grow food that is donated to local soup kitchens to feed the hungry. ”可知Katie’s Krops种植食物捐赠给当地的厨房去做汤送给饥饿的人。故选D

42. A 主旨大意题。通读这篇文章可知Katie在小卷心菜里种出了大慈善，这样的故事非常鼓舞人，故选择A，

B

43. Who plays the leading role in making decisions? A. Cat B. Mara C. Iggy D. Barney

44. The underlined word “awesome” probably means______. A. awful B. crazy C. nervous D. fantastic 45. What do we know about the Island Club？ A. It’s a new place for the three friends. B. It’s one of the top clubs of UK. C. Coffee is always free there. D. Iggy prefers to eat there.

【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文，展示了Cat Lakey、Marc Benson和Iggy Waters三人群聊的聊天记录。

43.C 细节理解题。由聊天记录最后一条Iggy Waters讲述的“I always have the best ideas”知，Iggy Waters在决策中起主导作用。选择C。 44.D 词义猜测题。awful“可怕的”；crazy“疯狂的”；nervous“紧张的”；fantastic“极好的”。由短文Iggy Waters在2:27p.m.的聊天信息“Yeah, my mate…dance music”可知，The Island Club由非常好的DJ和音乐舞曲，猜测awesome和fantastic有同意思，意为“极好的”。 45.A 细节理解题。由Iggy Waters在2:26p.m.的聊天信息“Found out about a new place last night, check this out”可知，The Island Club对于三人来说是一个新的地方，选择A。

C

Researchers in the 1960s found bilingual（双语的）people scored higher on intelligence （智力）tests than monolinguals—people who speak only one language. The latest studies show that being bilingual does not necessarily make people cleverer, but it probably does make you better at certain skills.

Imagine driving down the highway. There are many things that could attract your attention and you really need to be able to watch all of them. Why would bilingualism make you any better at that？

The answer is that bilingual people are often better at controlling their attention—a function（功能）called the executive control system. It’s quite possibly the most important system we have because it’s where all of your decisions about what to attend to, what to ignore（忽视），what to process are made.

The best method to measure（测量）the executive control system is called the Stroop Test. Suppose you would have the word blue written in red but you have to say the colour red. But “blue” is so eye-catching, and you really want to say “blue”. You need to ignore it so that you can say the colour red. That’s the Stroop Test.

Bilingual people continually practice this function. They have to, because both languages are active in their brain at the same time. They need to ignore one to be able to speak in the other. This exercise might help in other ways, too. Researchers say bilingual children are more likely to have trends from different cultures. Bilingual adults are often four to five years later than others in developing Alzheimer’s disease.

46. What did the recent research find about bilingual people？ A. They can safely drive their cars.

B. They can well manage their attention.

C. They can have a better control of imagination.

D. They can easily pick out the colours they want.

47. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to？ A. Red. B. Blue. C. Test. D System. 48. What can we learn from the last paragraph？ A. Bilingualism may do harm to people’s health.

B Bilingualism helps children make more foreign friends. C. People must practice speaking two languages continually. D. People use more active words from their mother languages. 49. What might be the best title for the text？ A. How does the Stroop Test work？ B. What is executive control system？ C Are monolingual people smarter？

D Are bilingual people better at some skills？

【主旨大意】日常生活中，我们见到或听说某人会几国语言的话，自然而然就会觉得此人很厉害，会觉得这样的人比较聪明。那么，事实到底是怎样的呢？本文给了一个科学的答案。最新研究表明，说双语的人不一定比说一种语言的人聪明，但是他们的某些技能水平更高。 46. B细节理解题。文章第三段第一句“The answer is that bilingual people are often better at controlling their attention—a function（功能）called the executive control system.”知，双语者更善于控制自己的注意力。选项B正确。

47. B细节理解题。代词it代指上文出现的单词或句子，在这句话前面即文章第四段第三句“But “blue” is so eye-catching, and you really want to say “blue”.”知，这里代指“blue”。 48. B细节理解题。文章最后一段倒数第二句 “Researchers say bilingual children are more likely to have trends from different cultures.” 知，会双语的孩子更有可能有来自不同文化的趋势，这能帮助双语者结交更多外国的朋友，选择B。

49. D 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了双语者在一些技能上的表现。比如双语者行为控制系统更优秀，能结交更多外国的朋友，老年痴呆症的症状这些人身上出现的更晚等。故选择D。

D

It seems that food deliverymen（送货员）are always in a hurry. They wear blue, red or yellow helmets and many of them don’t follow traffic rules. 50 They use mobile phones while driving.

These rude behaviors have caught the public’s attention. In the first half of 2017, food deliverymen had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai, according to Shanghai Public Security Bureau That means every two and a half days, a food deliveryman will die or get hurt on the road.

51 The strict rules of the food delivery service companies and the anxious customers may be the answer. Many companies will fine（罚款）a deliveryman up to 2,000 yuan, if he fails to deliver an order on time, reported China Daily. 52

To solve the problem, food delivery service companies need to improve their incentive systems, noted CRI Online. 53 Shanghai has asked companies to train their deliverymen on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a deliveryman gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, then he will be banned（禁止）from driving food service delivery vehicles for a whole year.

根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. Some cities are also taking action

B. What are the strict rules used for？

C. What makes deliverymen take such risks？

D Fines also go to those who get bad reviews from customers E. They drive on the wrong side of the road and run red lights 【主旨大意】

外卖小哥在送餐过程中，为了抢时间，为了多跑几趟单，多赚点配送费，存在车速过快、闯红灯、逆行、不戴安全头盔等严重的交通违法违规行为，极容易引发交通事故，酿成惨祸。让疾驰的外卖小哥“慢下来”需多方努力。

50. E【解析】短文第一段列举了外卖小哥在送餐过程中出现的一些交通违法行为，由空前“many of them don’t follow traffic rule”知，许多外卖小哥不遵守交通规则，空后列出了不遵守规则中的一条，即骑车是打电话，所以空格处应该也是不遵守规则中的一条，E选项“他们逆行且闯红灯”填在此处合适。 51.C【解析】短文第三段空后一句“The strict rules of the food delivery service companies and the anxious customers may be the answer”知，“严格的送餐服务规定和焦急等待的顾客给出了答案”，给出了外卖小哥交通违法的两个因素，可知空前应该是询问“是什么让送餐人员冒这样的风险？”，C选项符合题意。

52.D 【解析】短文第三段空前一句给出了外卖小哥被罚款的一个原因“送餐不及时”，结合选项，D选项也是关于罚款的，“如果收到顾客差评也会被罚款”符合此空。选择D。 53.A【解析】短文第四段给出了解决这一问题的一些措施，空前是“食品配送服务公司需要改进他们的激励机制”，空后列举了几个城市（上海、深圳）的举措。空格处应填写承上启下的一句，选项A符合题意，also承上，some cities are taking action启下。 第Ⅱ卷（共47分）

五、词汇应用（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）

阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。

I live in Pennsylvania. It is a 1 （north）state of America, which is the 33rd 2 （large）state in America. You might know some of the cities, like Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Allentown. The state capital is Harrisburg. Now let me tell you a little more about my state.

Several Indian tribes（部落）lived in Pennsylvania before 3 （Europe）came. The Dutch came first, 4 （follow）by Sweden. England started colonies（殖民地） later. After a few fights, they 5 （take）control of the land.

Pennsylvania 6 （give）to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name. Pennsylvania was the 7 （two）to join the nation. The city of Philadelphia 8 （be）an important city since the colony was founded. It was even the capital of America, too！Today, Pennsylvania is sometimes regarded as the snack capital of the country. It is famous for snacks, like pretzels and chips, Heinz ketchup and sauces. There is also Hershey, which is well 9 （know）as the chocolate company.

There are steel companies in the state, as well as a lot of colleges. There are plenty of things 10 （do） in Pennsylvania. There are several major sports teams. Pennsylvania has 121 state parks, and they all have free 11 （enter）. Hunting is popular here, too. Are you thinking about 12 （visit）the state？

【主旨大意】本短文是一篇城市介绍，介绍了宾夕法尼亚州地理、历史、经济、文化等。 1. northern 【解析】句意：它是美国北部的一个州。在句中缺少形容词本题中缺少形容词 “北方的”，north变为northern，修饰state.

2. largest 【解析】句意：美国第三十三大州。用形容词的最高级形式。

3. Europeans 【解析】句意：在欧洲人到来之前，有几个印第安部落住在宾夕法尼亚。表示“欧洲人”用European，又结合句意，用复数形式，所以填写Europeans。 4. followed 【解析】句意：紧随其后的是瑞典。

5. took 【解析】句意：经过几次战斗，他们控制了这块土地。由于讲述的是历史，发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时态，动词用过去式，即took。

6. was given 【解析】句意：宾夕法尼亚后来被授予Penn家族。主谓语存在被动关系，时间状语提示用一般过去时态，故用一般过去时态的被动语态形式。

7. second/2nd 【解析】句意：宾夕法尼亚是第二个加入该国的国家。表示“第二个”用序数词second。 8. has been【解析】句意：自殖民地成立以来，费城一直是一个重要的城市。“since the colony was founded.”知，此处用现在完成时态，主语是费城，所以填写has been。

9. known【解析】句意：也有赫尔希，这是众所周知的巧克力公司。短语be known as意为“被认为是，;以…著称”。

10.to do【解析】句意：在宾夕法尼亚有很多事情要做。动词不定式表示目的。

11. entry/entrance【解析】句意：它们都有免费的入口。结合句子，此处应该填写名词表示“入口”，故填写entry/entrance。 12. visiting 【解析】句意：你在考虑访问这个州吗？介词后加动名词形式，即填写visiting。 六、翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 用括号内所给的词或短语，将下列句子翻译成英语。 1.那就是李华头疼的原因。（why）

__________________________________ 2.新图书馆将会比旧的大多了。（than） __________________________________ 3.韩梅，高个子，黑色长发。（with） __________________________________ 4.你最好一回家先做作业。（ as soon as） __________________________________ 5.我表姐每周花两个小时的时间学京剧。（spend…in…） __________________________________

答案：答案基本固定，但允许稍有差异，只要符合句意，无语法错误即可得分。每小题中若主要考点有误，扣1分；其他单词错误一个扣0.5分，扣完为止。

1. That’s （the reason）why Li Hua has（got）/gets/suffers from a headache. 2. The new library will be much bigger than the old one. 3. Han Mei is tall /a tall girl with long black hair.

4. You’d better do your homework first as soon as you come（back）/get/arrive home. 5. My cousin spends two hours in learning Beijing Opera every/each week. 七、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面的短文，根据短文后的要求答题。

Sometimes it may seem that what you are learning at school will be of no use in the future. It may seem that you’re wasting your life away. But you will be surprised to find how much of what you learnt at school is helpful to you one day. Three people were asked what they found useful at school, and their thoughts are shared below.

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