课 题 教学目标 四年级英语语法复习 理解并熟记今天所学单词、短语、句子 重难点透视 重难点:1. 默写单词、短语 2. 课堂练习 知 识 点 剖 析 预估时间 30分钟 30分钟 30分钟 序号 1 2 3 掌握情况 所学单词、短语 熟练运用句型 知识点的总结 教 学 内 容 1. 名词的数 2. 名词的格 第一章 代词 1. 人称代词 2. 物主代词 第二章 冠词 与 数词 1. 冠词 2. 数词 第三章 一般现在时态 第四章 现在进行时态 第五章 句型 1. 陈述句 2. 疑问句 3. 祈使句 4. There be 句型与have\\ has 第六章 总结考试 第一章 名词 (Noun) 名词的概念 在生活中,我们会接触到各种各样的人和事物,用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词。 一、名词的数 名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式。可数名词表示“一个”时用单数,“两个以上”时用复数;不可数名词表示量时,通常用“数词+单位+of+物质名词”的形式,如 a piece of bread (一片面包), 变为复数时,只须将单位名词变为复数, 如:two pieces of bread(两片面包)。 *名词复数的构成法则 1. 一般情况下在词尾加 s. 词尾读音 shop --- shops (商店) 在清辅音后读 [ s ] bag --- bags (书包) 在浊辅音后读 [ z ] window --- windows (窗户) 在元音后读 [ z ] 2. 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的单词在词尾加es。 class --- classes (班级) 词尾读音[ iz ] box --- boxes (盒子) match --- matches (比赛) brush --- brushes (刷子) 3. 以“辅音字母 +y” 结尾的词, 变y为 i 加es. story --- stories (故事) 词尾读音[ iz ] 4. 以“元音字母 +y” 结尾的词,在词尾直接加 s key --- keys 词尾读音[ z ] monkey --- monkeys 5.以 “o” 结尾的名词, 复数一般在词尾加“s”, 但个别加 “es” tomato --- tomatoes (西红柿) 词尾读音[ z ] potato --- potatoes (土豆) zoo --- zoos (动物园) photo --- photos (照片) *(以 “o”结尾,复数加 “es”)口诀: 黑人(Negro)英雄(hero),左手拿着西红柿(tomato),右手拿着破土豆(potato), 头顶一个大芒果(mango)。 6. 以 f或 fe 结尾的词,多数变f或 fe 为 ves. leaf --- leaves (树叶) 词尾读音[ vz ] knife --- knives ( 小刀) *(以f或fe结尾的单词,需把f或fe 变ves的单词)口诀: 妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf),小偷(thief)吓得发了慌,躲在架下(shelf)保己命,半(half)片树叶(leaf)遮目光。 *(以f或fe结尾的单词,直接加 “s”的单词)口诀: 长颈鹿(giraffe)站在屋檐(roof)下,左手拿着手绢(handkerchief),右手拿着高尔夫球(golf)。 例: roof --- roofs ( 屋顶) 7. 不规则名词复数的变化 man --- men (男人) tooth ---teeth (牙齿) child --- children (儿童) mouse --- mice(老鼠) foot --- feet (脚) woman --- women (女人) 8. 名词单复数形式一样 sheep --- sheep (绵羊) deer --- deer (鹿) English --- English(英国人) Chinese --- Chinese (中国人) *(不规则名词变复数)口诀: 男人,女人a变e; 鹅,足,牙齿oo变ee; 其实老鼠也好记ous变ic; 孩子加上ren,鱼鹿绵羊不用记。 二、名词所有格的构成法 1. 主要是在词尾加’ s 构成。如: This is Tom’s desk . 这是汤姆的书桌。 That is Mike’s book. 那是迈克的书。 2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾s ,则仅加一个’ . 如: the teachers’ reading room 教师阅览室 the pupils’ pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒 3. 如果原词是复数形式,但不是以s 结尾, 变为所有格形式需在后面加上’ s 。如: the children’s palace 少年宫 men’s room 男厕所 *名词所有格口诀: 名词所有格,s前面加一撇’,复数s放在尾,后加一撇就完结,两人共有算一个,后面只加一个撇。 名词练习题 一、 写出下列名词的复数形式 1.computer ____________ 2.apple ____________ 3.city ______________ 4.house _____________ 5.sheep _____________ 6.watch ______________ 7.tomato _____________ 8.child _____________ 9.tooth ________ 10.foot ______________ 11.wife _____________12.potato ____________ 13.play _____________ 14.day ____________ 15.glass ______ 16.radio ______________ 17.zoo ______________ 18. life ______________19. story _____________ 20.leaf _____________ 21. baby _____________ 22.dress _____________ 23.butterfly _____________
24. deer _____________25.class _____________ 26.brush _____________ 27.key _____________ 28. English ____________29.mouse ____________30. man _____________ 二、汉译英 1.Tom的足球 _________________ 2. 老师们的自行车_________________ 3.学生们的课桌 _________________ 4.哥哥的文具盒_________________ 5.姑姑的卡片 _________________ 6.猴子们的香蕉_________________ 7.蚂蚁们的早餐 _________________ 8.妈妈的包_________________ 9.姐姐的连衣裙_________________ 10女孩们的苹果_________________ 三、把下列句子翻译成英文 1.这些 是Peter 的篮球吗? ________________________________________ 2.这个是老师的钢笔吗? ___________________________________________ 3.有一些书在Sam的课桌上。________________________________________ 4.有一些孩子们在教室里。___________________________________________ 四、改错 (圈出错处,在横线上改正过来) 1.There are some butterflys on the table. ________________________ 2.This is Alice dress. ______________________ 3.I like tomato very much. __________________ 五、将下列句子变成复数形式。 1.This dog is brown. ___________________________________________________ 2. There is a book and a pen on the table. ___________________________________________________ 3.That woman is a teacher. ___________________________________________________ 能力测试卷 (名词) 一、 将下列名词变成复数形式。 1.plane tree lesson month apple shirt 2. box bus brush watch class fox 3.knife life leaf Wife thief 4.day boy monkey baby country story 5.photo radio piano tomato hero 6. child tooth man Sheep English Chinese 二、判断正误,并改正错句,正确的打“ √ ” 1.The house is my brother. ________________________ 2. He has visited many country. ______________________ 3. They are Englishs. ______________________________ 4. This is Tom red bike. ____________________________ 三、选择填空 1.There are two ______ in the room. A. Chineses B. Englishman 2.The old man will have ___________ out. A. two tooths B. two teeth 3. ____________ are sold in this bookstore. A. Children’s books B. Children books 4. Some friends of _________ will come here. A. John’s B. John 5. Can you give me ______________? A. some papers B. a piece of paper 6.There are ______________ on the floor. A. some box B. some boxes 四、将下列句子变成复数形式。 1.This sheep is white. ___________________________________________________ 2. There is a desk and a chair in the room. ___________________________________________________ 3.That man is a doctor. ___________________________________________________ 第二章 代词 一、人称代词 1.人称代词即表示“你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词,它的人称、数和格的变化见下表: 数 人称 主格 宾格 单数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 I me you you he she it him her it 复数 第一人称 We us 第二人称 第三人称 you you they them 主格与宾格: 人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格主要用来做句子的主语;宾格主要用作宾语。 人称代词主格用在句首作主语。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽车上。 人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。This pen is bad.I can’t write with it.这支钢笔不好,我没法用它写字。 2.人称代词的排列顺序 人称代词并列使用时,通常以下列顺序出现,请熟悉并记忆。 1) 单数代词:you and I; you and he ; he and I ; you ,he and I 2) 复数代词:we and they ; we and you ; you and they; we, you and they 3) 第三人称单数代词:he and she *人称代词排序口诀:人称代词并列观,注意顺序礼貌见; 单数人称二、三、一,复数人称一、二、三; 麻烦事情“我”站前,其他人称没意见; 两性并用为三单,男先女后是习惯。 二、物主代词 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
人称 类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 my our your your his,her,its their yours yours his,hers,its theirs 形容词性 名词性 mine our 名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词 例,Whose coat is this? 这是谁的上衣? It’s hers. 是她的。 hers= her coat *关于物主代词的口诀: 物主代词很重要,译成汉语都有“的”,后面必须加上物,否则就要犯错误, my your his her its our their 不放过。 形容词性是基础,除了我的 “mine”外,其他词尾“s”性 形物代能力差,出门常把名词加;名物代能力强,常来独去又独往。 三、反身代词 反身代词也叫“自身代词”,表示“**自己”。 数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself, herself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves I can do it by myself. 我自己能做这件事。 *反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀: 反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加,其余开头用物主,复数-ves替-f 四、指示代词 This (这个)------- these (这些) 指近处的事物 That (那个)------- these (那些) 指远处的事物 例,This is a book. 这是本书。 These are some books. 这些是书。 That is a car. 那是辆小汽车。 Those are some cars. 那些是小汽车. 代词练习题 一、 根据题意,用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Mary is a friend of ______________. ( I ) 2. This is ________ ( she ) ruler. ________ ( I ) is in the bag. 3. Her brother is too young to look after _________ ( he ) 4. This is _________ ( I ) book. This book is _________ ( I ). 5. These pens are _________ ( we ). 二、填写下列表格。 人称代词 主 格 宾 格 我 我们 你,你们 他 她 它 他们 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 反身代词 三、改写下列句子 Eg, This is my book. ------ The book is mine. 1. That is her ruler. _________________________________ 2. These are their footballs. __________________________________ 3. This is my backpack .
____________________________________ 4. Those are your boxes. ____________________________________ 四、把下列句子改写成复数。 1. This is a butterfly. ____________________________________________ 2. That is a bus. ________________________________________________ 3. It is a mouse. ________________________________________________ 五、改错。 1.This is mine lamp. ___________________________________________ 2.These are ours books.____________________________________________ 3. That are their teacher. ___________________________________________ 4.The house is my brother. ________________________ 5. He has visited many country. ______________________ 6. They are Chineses. ______________________________ 7. This is Tom red bike. ____________________________ 能力测试卷 (代词) 一、 帮下面的好朋友团圆 (连线) I 她 its 我们 her 他(她,它)们 we 我 they 你的 their 他(她,它)们 your 她的 she 它的 二、填空 1.She’s a teacher . This is _________ bag. 2. He’s a driver. This is ___________ taxi. 3. I am a boy . __________ name is Peter. 4. --What’s __________ name? -- My name is Tony. 5. It’s my puppy. ______ name is Mimi. 三、选择 ( ) 1.Your book is not so old as _________. A. him B. he C. his D. she ( ) 2. _____ book is it ? It’s ________. A. Whose…her B. Whose… hers C. Who…hers D. Whom… her ( ) 3. He is a friend of ________. A. our B. us C. my D. mine 四、改错 1. I, you and he are all teachers. ______________________________________________________ 2. This is mine teddy bear. ______________________________________________________ 3. These are ours bags. ______________________________________________________ 4. These is their teachers. ______________________________________________________ 第三章 数词和冠词 一、数词 表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词又分基数词和序数词,基数词
表示数量,序数词表示顺序。 1. 最基本的基数词如下表所示: 1~10 11~19 20~100 1 one 11 eleven 2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy 8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty 9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety 10 ten 100 one hundred *基数词的写法 :21~99的两位数,十位与个位之间用连字符“-”。 例:21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety – nine 百位数:个位数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and。 例:101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight 2.序数词的构成 1)一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。例, four+ th--- fourth six + th --- sixth seven + th --- seventh ten + th --- tenth 2)下面这些基数词在变为序数词时,有特殊的变化。例, one --- first two --- second three --- third five--- fifth eight --- eighth nine --- ninth twelve --- twelfth 3)十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i,然后在加eth.例, twenty --- twentieth thirty --- thirtieth forty --- fortieth ninety --- ninetieth 4) 两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时,仅将个位数变成序数词。例, twenty –one ------ twenty- first thirty-five ------thirty-fifth a hundred and fifty-three ------- a hundred and fifty- third *基数词变序数词的口诀: 基变序,有规律;词尾加上th(fourth, sixth) 一、二、三,单独记;结尾字母t, d, d;(first,second,third) 八去t,九去e,(eighth,ninth);ve要用f替;(fifth,twelfth) 整十基数变序数,ty将y变成i ; th 前面有个e; 要是遇到几十几,前用基来后用序。 二、冠词 冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。 a或an是不定冠词,the是定冠词。a用在辅音音素之前,如 a desk, a tree ; an 用在元音因素之前,如 an apple, an hour, an English book. 1. 不定冠词(a,an)指人或事物的某一种类,表示“一个”,但不强调数量。 She is a teacher. That’s an orange. 2. 定冠词 the,是特指某(些)人、某(些)物,或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物,或者是在上文提到过的人和事。 This is a bus. The bus is big. 3. 不用冠词的情况: 1) 专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如, Chinese, English, Jim等。 2) 名词前已经有this, that, my, your等词时,就不再用冠词了。如, that mouse (那只老鼠) 3) 一些固定词组前不用定冠词。如, at home 在家 go to school 去上学 *定冠词the的用法记忆口诀: 特指、重提和唯一,岛屿、海峡和海湾; 海洋、党派、最高级,沙漠、河流与群山; 方位、顺序和乐器,年代、团体与机关; 船名、建筑和组织,会议、条约与报刊; 姓氏复数、国全名,记住定冠the加在前。 *零冠词用法口诀: 月份、星期、节假洲,呼语、头衔职务前; 三餐、球类、惯用语,学科、棋类名词前。 冠词和数词专项练习 一、在空白处填上适当的冠词,不需要的填“/”。 1) at ____home 2) go to_____ bed 3) go to _____school 4) catch ______ bad cold 5) have _____ good time 6) ______red apple 7)_____ English book 8) ______ spoon 9)_____ orange 10) ______melon 11) _______ eraser 二、选择填空 1.There is _____ “m” in the word “primary” A. an B.a C.the D./ 2.This is ____ orange bike . A.a B.an C.the D/ 3.It always takes us half _____ hour to have ____ long walk after supper . A.a,a B,a ,the C.an , a D.an , the 4.English is ____ useful language in ____ world . A.an , the B.a , the C.the , / D./ , the 5.We are going to _____ cinema this evening . A.the B./ C/a D.an 6.He’s standing on _____ other side of _____ river . A.a , a B.the , the C.the , a D.a , the 7._____ potato is a vegetable , not ____ fruit . A.The , an B.The , a C.A, the D.An, / 8.He was _____ first to come . A.The B.a C.the D./ 9.Do you see ____ book on _____ table ? A.the , a B.a, an C.an , an D.a , the 10.Where’s _____ desk ? It’s in ____ middle of the room . A./ , / B./ , a C.a , / D.the , the 11.He is _____ friend of mine . A.an B./ C.the D.a 12.There is ____ university near the farm . A.a B.an C.the D./ 13.He died in ____ autumn of 1989 . A./ B.the C.a D.an 14.I have ____ book . I t’ s _____ interesting one . I like reading ____ books very much . A.a, an ,/ B.a , / , the C.an , an , the D./ , an , / 15.Today is _____ Children’s Day . A.a B.an C.the D/ 16.This is _____ bag . That is ____ eraser . A.a, a B.a , an C.an , a D. an , an
请将书翻到第二页。 Listen to me. 请听我讲。 Stop talking. 别说话。 二、否定祈使句 (一般在句首加 Don’t.) 1.Climb the tree ,please. 请爬树。 (肯定句) Don’t climb the tree! 不要爬树。 (否定句) 2.Open the door. 打开门。 (肯定句) Don’t open the door. 不要开门。 (否定句) 三、陈述句变祈使句 1.You can’t make faces in class. 你不能在课堂上做鬼脸。 Don’t make faces in class. 不要在课堂上做鬼脸。 2.You can’t read in bed. 你不要在床上看书。 Don’t read in bed. 不要在床上看书。 祈使句专项训练 一、 连词成句并改写成否定句。 1. on \\ walk \\ the \\ grass ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 2. ride \\ a \\ here \\ bike ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 二、 按要求改写下列句子 1.She likes playing basketball after school. (否定句) _________________________________________________ 2. He did his homework yesterday evening. (一般疑问句) _________________________________________________ 3.Tom wrote a letter to his mother yesterday. (否定句) _________________________________________________ 4.My mother can make kites. (一般疑问句) _________________________________________________ 5. There are some dictionaries on the desk. (否定句) _________________________________________________ 四、there be与have\\has 句型 一. “There be” 句型 “There be +某 (些)人或物 + 某地(或某时)”是指“某地(时)存在某人 (或某物)”。谓语be 必须在数上和主语保持一致。如果主语中既有单数又有复数,be 的形式变化与它最近的主语相一致。 (一)结构 There be (is \\ are ) +某?? 1) There is + ① 可数名词单数 ② 不可数名词 2)There are + 可数名词复数 (二)用法 1. 肯定句: There is \\ are + _________. 2. 否定句:There is \\ are + not ____________ 3. 一般疑问句:Is\\Are + there ? ? Yes, there is \\are. No, there is \\ are not. (三)There be 句型中的 be 与离它最近的名词有关。 例, There is an apple and two pears on the table. There are two pears and an apple on the table. 二、have \\has 句型 是指某人有某物 (表示所有、拥有关系) I \\ We \\You \\ They \\ 人名(复数)\\事物(复数)+ have ? He \\She\\ It \\ 人名(单数)\\ 事物(单数) + has ? 句型专项练习题 一、 用“have , there be ” 的适当形式填空 1. He _________ a lot of friends. 2. _________ _________ four seasons in a year. 3. She _________ seven sons. 4. _________ _________ any milk in the cup? 5. Beijing ________ many universities. 6. We _______ a lot of work to do. 7. _________ _________ a book and two pens on the table. 8. They ______ many beautiful flowers. 9. _________ _________ three pencils and a ruler in the pencil-box. 10. My father ________ a red car. 二、 用适当的词填空 1. He often _______ up ________ six o’clock _______ the morning. 2. What’s wrong ________ your mother? 3. Mary can ________ a kite. 4. There _______ an apple and three bananas in the bag. 三、选择填空 1.There _____ two knives in the pencil – box . A.are B.is C.be D.am 2.How many counties _____ in Europe ? A. is it B.is there C.are they D.are there 3.Look ! There ____ some apples in that tree . A. is B.are C.be D.am 4.There ____ some children playing on the playground . A. is B.are C.has D.have 5.-Are there any fish in the lake now ? -No . ____ any water in it in winter . A. There isn’t B.There aren’t C.It isn’t D.They aren’ t 6.There ____ an apple tree near the river . A. am B.are C.is D.be 7._____ there any good news in today’s newspaper ? A. Are B.Is C.Have D.Has 8.There _____ a banana and ten pears in the basket . A. are B.is C.has D.have 9.There _____ some oranges on the table . A. are B.is C.am D.be 10.There ____ forty – sixty students in Class _____. A. have , Three B.are , Three C.have , Third D.are , Third 11.There _____ a table with three legs in Jenny’s room . A. is B.are C.has D.have 12.There _____ ten deer and a monkey in the photo . A. is B.are C.be D.have 四、汉译英 5. 在教室里有二十五名男生和三十名女生。 _____________________________________________ 6. 在杯里没有一些水。 _____________________________________________ 7. 在你的书包里有一本故事书吗? _____________________________________________
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