化工专业英语Lesson 5

次氯酸和次氯酸盐轮流反应生成了氯酸盐、电子和更多的氯化物。

5 Hydroxide reacts at the anode to form oxygen, which can contaminate the chlorine. 氢氧化物在阳极反应生成氧气，它能够腐蚀氯气。

6 All the reactions reduce efficiency and/or create difficult separation of contamination problems that need to be sorted out before any products can be sold.

所有的反应降低了效率，并创造了分离污染难题，这些难题在出售产品之前需要被挑出来。

7 The key to understanding the various types of process used for the electrolysis is the way they separate the reaction products.

理解电解中各种类型过程的关键是他们分离反应产物的方法。

8 There are basically three types of electrolytic cell for brine electrolysis, though there are many variations of detail among the cells from different manufactures.

虽然不同的厂家所使用的电解池之间有许多不同的详细信息，但是对于卤水电解基本有三种类型的电解池。

R The Uses of Chlorine and Sodium Hydroxide 氯气和氢氧化钠的使用

1 Sodium hydroxide has so many chemical uses that it is difficult to classify them conveniently. 氢氧化钠有太多用途以至于难以归类。

2 One of the largest uses is for paper-making, where the treatment of wood requires a strong alkali. 氢氧化钠的最大的用途之一是造纸，在造纸业中对木头的处理需要一个强碱。 3 In some countries this consumes 20% of production. 在一些国家，这种用途消耗了20%的氢氧化钠。

4 Another 20% is consumed in the manufacture of inorganic chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite（the bleach and disinfectant）.

另外20%是消耗在无机化学平的制造中，例如次氯酸钠（漂白剂和消毒剂中）。 5 Various organic syntheses consume about another fifth of the production. 6 The production of alumina and soap uses smaller amounts.

各种有机合成，消费了氢氧化钠产量的1/5，氧化铝和肥皂的生产也使用了少量的氢氧化钠。 S1 Chlorine is widely used in a variety of other products. 氯气是广泛应用于各种其他的产品。

2 About a quarter of all production world-wide goes into vinyl chloride, the monomer for making PVC. 世界上大约1/4的氯气用于制备氯乙烯，氯乙烯是生产PVC的单体。 3 Between a quarter and a half goes into a variety of other products. 第二个1/4的氯气是走进了其他各种产品领域。

4 Depending on the country, up to 10% goes into water purification. 根据国家的情况，多于10%的氯气用于水的净化。

5 Up to 20% goes into the production of solvents（methychloroform, trichloroethene, etc. ）though many of these are being phased out because of the Montreal Protocol.

20%的氯气用于溶剂（ ，三氯乙烯等）的生产，虽然它们中的许多都由于蒙特利尔议定书被淘汰。

6 About 10% world-wide goes into the production of inorganic chlorine-containing compounds. 全球大约10%的氯气用于无机氯化物的制备。

7 A very significant use in some countries is for the bleaching of wood pulp, though this is another use coming under environmental pressure.

在一些国家，一个非常重要的用途就是木浆的漂白，虽然这是又一个在环境压力下的用途。

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