固原压气站设计

本科毕业设计

题目：

学生姓名 教学院系 专业年级 指导教师 单 位

固原压气站工艺设计

李海永

学 号

0901020321

石油工程学院 油气储运工程2009级 陈利琼

职 称

副教授

油气储运教研室

摘要

压气站是以压力能的形式给天然气提供输送动力的作业站。按压气站在管道沿线的位置分为起点压气站、中间压气站和终点充气站。起点压气站位于气田集气中心或处理厂附近，为天然气提供压力能，并有气体净化、气体混合、压力调节、气体计量、清管器发送等作业。中间压气站位于运输管道沿线上，主要是给在输送中消耗了压力能的天然气增压。终点充气站位于储气库内，主要是将输来的天然气加压后送入地下储气库。

压气站的流程由输气工艺、机组控制和辅助系统等三部分组成。输气工艺部分除净化、计量、增压等主要过程外，还包括越站旁通、清管器接收及发送、安全放空与紧急截断管道等。机组控制部分有启动、超压保护、防喘振循环管路等。辅助系统部分包括供给燃料气、自动控制、冷却、润滑等系统。

设计固原压气站时刻根据设计依据（相关规范和书册）查阅大量关于压气站的资料文献，总结不同城市压气站的设计方法，在此基础上，结合固原压气站自身的实际情况，设计正确合理的工艺设计方案。依据相关行业标准，进行工艺计算，绘制工艺流程图。

关键词：压气站 分类 组成 设计

Abstract

Compressor stations based on the pressure in the form of job of conveying power to the gas station. The press gas station along the pipeline is divided into the starting point for compressor stations, gas compression stations in the middle and the end of filling stations. The starting point for gas compression stations located in the vicinity of the gas field gas gathering center or processing plant, gas pressure, and gas purification, gas mixture, pressure regulators, gas metering, pigging send operations. Intermediate compressor stations located along the pipelines, mainly to the consumption in the transportation of gas pressure booster. The end of filling stations in the gas storage library, will lose to gas pressure into underground gas storage.

The three parts of the flow of the gas compression stations by the gas process, unit control and auxiliary systems. In addition to the process of purification, measurement, booster gas technology section also includes and more stations bypass pigging receive and send safety vent and emergency truncated pipeline. The control section of the unit start, overpressure protection, anti-surge circulation line. The auxiliary parts of the system including the supply of fuel gas, automatic control, cooling, lubrication system.

Design Guyuan pressure gas station time design basis (relevant norms and book volumes) access to a large number of compressor stations on the information literature, summarizes the different urban pressure gas station's design method based on the Guyuan pressure gas station to their actual situation, correct and reasonable design process design. In accordance with relevant industry standards, process calculation, process mapping.

Keywords: compressor stations sort composition design

目录

1 绪论 ....................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 设计目的 .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 压气站国内外现状 ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 本文研究内容............................................................................................................................. 2 2 设计说明书 ........................................................................................................................................... 2

2.1 设计依据 .................................................................................................................................... 2

2.1.1 设计资料.......................................................................................................................... 2 2.1.2 设计规范.......................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 工艺流程设计............................................................................................................................. 3

2.2.1 工艺流程概述 .................................................................................................................. 3 2.2.2 工艺流程设计原则 .......................................................................................................... 5 2.3 主要工艺设备选型 ..................................................................................................................... 5

2.3.1 管道内径计算 .................................................................................................................. 5 2.3.2 管道壁厚计算 .................................................................................................................. 6 2.3.3 阀门选型.......................................................................................................................... 7 2.3.5 原动机选型 .................................................................................................................... 10 2.3.6 机组备用方式 ................................................................................................................ 10 2.3.7 汇管选型........................................................................................................................ 10 2.3.8 流量计选型 .................................................................................................................... 11 2.3.9 分离器选型 .................................................................................................................... 13 2.4 站场控制保障系统 ................................................................................................................... 14

2.4.1 概述 ............................................................................................................................... 14 2.4.2 主要功能........................................................................................................................ 14 2.5 压气站自动化控制 ................................................................................................................... 14 2.6 站控天然气计量....................................................................................................................... 15 2.7 站控仪表 .................................................................................................................................. 15 2.8 通信控制 .................................................................................................................................. 16 2.9 站场防腐 .................................................................................................................................. 16 2.10 水电供应 ................................................................................................................................ 17

2.10.1 供电 ............................................................................................................................. 17 2.10.2 供水 ............................................................................................................................. 17 2.11 电防护与消防 ......................................................................................................................... 17 3 计算书 ................................................................................................................................................. 19

3.1 天然气基本参数确定 ............................................................................................................... 19

3.1.1 天然气的分子量 ............................................................................................................ 19 3.1.2 天然气相的对密度 ........................................................................................................ 20 3.1.3 天然气的压缩系数Z .................................................................................................... 20 3.1.4 天然气在操作条件下的密度 ........................................................................................ 20 3.1.5 天然气在操作条件下的粘度 ........................................................................................ 21 3.2分离器的尺寸设计 .................................................................................................................... 22

3.2.1滤芯个数和分离器台数 ................................................................................................. 22 3.2.2 分离器进出口直径及壁厚计算公式 ............................................................................ 23

3.2.3 气体通过丝网最大允许速度 ........................................................................................ 24 3.2.4 通过丝网除雾器的面积计算其直径 ............................................................................ 25 3.2.5 计算结果........................................................................................................................ 25 3.3 调节阀 ...................................................................................................................................... 25

3.3.1 调节阀实测流通能力计算 ............................................................................................ 25 3.3.2 计算结果及选型 ............................................................................................................ 26 3.4 站内管线计算........................................................................................................................... 26

3.4.1 管径和管道壁厚计算公式 ............................................................................................ 26 3.4.2 速度校核公式 ................................................................................................................ 27 3.4.3 计算过程、校核及结果 ................................................................................................ 27 3.5 流量计的计算........................................................................................................................... 28

3.5.1 已知参数........................................................................................................................ 28 3.5.2 标准参比的体积流量公式 ............................................................................................ 29 3.5.3 流量计算中主要参数的确定 ........................................................................................ 29 3.5.4 辅助计算........................................................................................................................ 31 3.5.5 孔板开孔直径计算 ........................................................................................................ 32 3.5.6 流量计选型 .................................................................................................................... 33 3.6 安全阀的计算........................................................................................................................... 33

3.6.1 安全泄放量 .................................................................................................................... 33 3.6.2 安全阀的泄放压力 ........................................................................................................ 34 3.6.3 安全阀通道截面积公式 ................................................................................................ 34 3.6.4 安全阀内径的计算公式 ................................................................................................ 35 3.6.5 计算结果........................................................................................................................ 35 3.7 汇管计算 .................................................................................................................................. 35

3.7.1 汇管管径计算 ................................................................................................................ 35 3.7.2 汇管壁厚计算 ................................................................................................................ 36 3.8 压缩机的工艺计算 ................................................................................................................... 36

3.8.1 排气量和进气量 ............................................................................................................ 36 3.8.2 压气机功率 .................................................................................................................... 37 3.9 清管器收发筒计算选型 ........................................................................................................... 37

3.9.1 规范 ............................................................................................................................... 37 3.9.2 清管器接收发送筒设计结果 ........................................................................................ 38 3.10 其它阀门 ................................................................................................................................ 38 结论 ......................................................................................................................................................... 39 谢 辞 ..................................................................................................................................................... 41 参考文献 ................................................................................................................................................. 42 附录 ......................................................................................................................................................... 43

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