2013新人教版八年级上册英语知识要点短语句型语法讲解（精华版）(3)

4) be going to 与 will 的区别：

① 对未来事情的预测用“ will + 动词原形”表达，will 没有人称和数的变化，变否定句要在will 后面加not, 也可用will 后面加 not,或者缩略式won’t, 变一般疑问句将will 提至 句首。

Will planes be large in the future? Yes, they will. / No, they won’t. ②will 常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情，而be going to 指某事肯定发生，常表示事情很快就要发生。 I believe Lucy will be a great doctor. ③ 陈述将来的某个事实用will. I will ten years old next year. ④表示现在巨大将来要做的事情用 will. I’m tired I will go to bed.

⑤ 表示意愿用will. I’ll tell you the truth.

⑥ 表示计划、打算要做的事情用 be going to, 而不用 will. 1 promise vt. 保证，许诺。有三种结构：

1)promise to do sth. _____My mother promised to buy a piano for me. 2)promise sb. sth. _____ My aunt promised me a bike.

3)promise + that 从句_____ Tom promises that he can return on time. promise n. 允诺， 诺言

Lily is a dishonest girl. She never keeps a promise. 2.when 与 while 的区别：

when 表示“当…时候”，既指时间点，又指一段时间，when 引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性的也可以是延续性的。When the teacher came in, the students were talking.

When she arrives, I’ll call you.

while 表示“当…时候”，仅指一段时间，从句中的动作必须是延续性的，一般强调主从句的动作同时发生， while 还可以作并列连词，意为“ 而、却”，表示对比关系。 Lisa was singing while her mother was playing piano. Tom is strong while his younger brother is week. 3. practice vt. 练习， 后接名词，代词或v-ing 作宾语。 Your elder sister is practicing the guitar in the room. 常跟v-ing 作宾语的动词有：

考虑建议盼原谅：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon. 承认推迟没得想： admit, delay/put off, fancy. 避免错过继续练：avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice. 否认完成能欣赏： deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate.

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不禁介意与逃亡： can’t help , mind, escape. 不准冒险凭想象： forbid, risk, imagine. 4. everyday 与 every day 区别

everyday adj. 每天的 在句中作定语，位于名词前。 This is our everyday homework.

every day 副词短语， 在句中作状语，位于句首或句末。 He reads books every day.

Unit 7 Will people have robots?

短语： on computers on paper live to be 200 years old free time in danger on the earth play a part in sth space station look for computer programmer in the future huandreds of the same…as over and over again get bored wake up look like fall down 用法：

will + 动词原形 将要做 fewer/more + 可数名词复数 更少/更多… less/more + 不可数名词 更少/更多 try to do sth. 尽力做某事 have to do sth 不得不做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的意见 such + 名词（词组） 如此 play a part in doing sth 参与做某事 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 There will be + 主语 + 其他 将会有…. There is/are + sb. + doing sth

有…正在做…

It is + 形容词 + for sb + to do sth 做某事对某人来说…的 语法：

What will the future be like? Cities will be more polluted.

And there will be fewer trees.

Will people use money in 100 years? No, they won’t. Everything will be free. Will there be world peace? Yes, I hope so.

Kids will stuffy at home on computers. They won’t go to school. Countable nouns Uncountable nouns There will be more people. There will be more pollution. There will be fewer trees. There will be less free time. 词语辨析：

1. every 与 each 的区别：

every 用来表整体，each 用来表个别。each 最低需是两，every 最低需是三。 every adj.

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every 作主用单数，each 可单也可复，作主、作定用单数，其他情况用复数。 each adj./ pron. Every teacher knows her. There are lots of trees on each side of the road. Each of the road has a dictionary.

2. on the earth 在地球上，作地点状语，位于句首或句末。 on earth 究竟，到底。用于疑问句或副词后，加强语气。All the living things on the earth depend on the sun. / What on earth do you mean?

3. human, 指包括男人女人孩子的“人，人类”，有别于动物，自然景物，机器等的特殊群体，也可指具体的人。

person, 无性别之分，常用于数目不太大，而且数目比较精确的场合。 people, 泛指“人们”，表示复数概念。

man,前不带冠词而且单独使用时，指“男人”，a man 可指“一个人/ 一个男人”，复数形式为men. He was the only human on the island.

There are only three persons in the room. There are many people there. Man is stronger than woman.

4. seem 连系动词，好像，似乎，看来。有下面几种用法： seem + 名词 看起来。He seems a nice man.

seem like 好像，似乎。 It seemed like a good idea at the time.

seem to do sth. 似乎/看起来/好像做某事。 I seem to have left my book at home. It seems/seemed that 看起来好像…, 似乎…. He was very happy. seem to be + 形容词/名词 = seem + 形容词/名词。 She seems to be happy.=

She seems happy.

5. probably ad. maybe 相当于 perhaps. 也许，大概，可能。作状语. probably 用于句中，可能性最大。 He will probably come tomorrow. maybe/perhaps 用于句首。 Maybe/Perhaps you are right.

1. during / for / in 介词，在……期间。说到某事是在某一段时间之间发生的用during; 说到某事持续多久则用for; 说到某事具体发生的时间用in. We visited many places of interest during the summer holiday. I’ve been here for two weeks. They usually leave school in July.

一般将来时结构： 肯定式主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 + 其他 will 用于各种人称，shall 用于第一人称。

主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他 be 随人称、数和时间的变化而变换。 否定式： 在will/shall/be 后面加 not. will not = won’t . 一般疑问句： 将will/shall/be 提到主语前面。 There be 句型的一般将来时：

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There will be + 主语 + 其他 ，意为 ：将会有。一般疑问句形式为： Will there be + 主语 + 其他。

肯定回答是： Yes, there will. 否定回答是： No, there won’t. 否定形式是：There won’t be + 主语 + 其他， 将不会有……

特殊疑问句是: 疑问词/ 词组 + 一般疑问句？ When will there be a nice basketball match?

Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

短语：

milk shake turn on pour into a cup of yogurt a good idea on Saturday cut up put into one more thing a piece of at this time a few fill…with… cover…with… one by one a long time 短语用法：

How many + 可数名词复数 How much + 不可数名词 let sb. + do sth. want + to do sth. forget + to do sth. how + to do sth. There are many reasons for 一段时间 +ago by + doing sth. need + to do sth. make + 宾语 + 形容词 It’s time(for sb) + to do sth First…Next…Then…Finally… 句型：

Turn on the blender. How do you make a banana milk shake? How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need? Now, it’s time to enjoy the rice noodles! 语法：

How do you make a banana milk shake? First, peel the banana. Next, put the banana in the blender. Then, pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn on the blender. Countable nouns Uncountable nouns

How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need?

We need three bananas. We need one cup of yogurt.

主谓一致判断法：

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1. 不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

2. 动名词或动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

3. either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also..连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与邻近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。

4. 在here, there 开头的倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的名词在数上保持一致。 词语辨析：

1. turn on 打开，接通（电源，气，水），反义词是turn off. turn up/turn down 调高/低音量。

2. pour…into… 将…倒入/灌入… into 是：进入… in 是：在…内。 在put, throw, break, lay, fall 等动词之后，既可用in，也可用into。但in可作副词，into不能。

He put all the books in/into the bag. Come in!

3. 有关make 的短语： make the bed 铺床 make tea 沏茶 make trouble 惹麻烦

make money 赚钱 make a decision 做决定 make a telephone call 打电话

make a visit 拜访 make a mistake 犯错误 make a noise 弄出噪音

make a living 谋生 make sure 务必

4. one more thing = another one thing 基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词

5. fill with 用…填充… be filled with = be full of 充满….

The boy filled the bottle with sand. / The bag was full of clothes. 6. cover…with… 用…把…覆盖 be covered with 被…所覆盖。 cover n. 封面，盖子。

Ann covered her face with her hands. / The cover of the magazine is nice. 7. It’s time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sth. 到做某事的时候

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