◆语法讲解
(一)how 引导的特殊疑问句
1.how 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式,其答语分三种情况: a. take a/an/the+交通工具(单数) b. by+交通工具(单数) c. on/in+限定词+交通工具
2. how far 用来提问距离,多远,其答语分为两种: (1)用长度单位表示:It is five kilometers. (2)用时间表示:It’s twenty minutes’ walk.
3.how long 用来提问时间,意为多久回答常用“for+段时”。 ----How long have you learnt English? ----For 3 years.
how soon 用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间, 常用于将来时态时, 常用“in+时间段”来回答。
――How soon will you arrive in Beijing? ----In 3 hours.
二、重点知识详解
1.take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名词,乘……去某地,是动词短语,在句中作谓语。 He takes the train.
take the subway乘地铁 take a walk散步 take a shower洗个澡 take a rest休息一会 take a seat 坐下 take some medicine 吃药
2.by+表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in+ a/an/the/one’s+表示交通工具的单数名词,是介词短语作方式状语。
I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike.
3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词,步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地 表示乘交通工具方式可以互换表达相同的意义:
Take the bus to school = go to school by bus = go to school on a bus Drive a car to work = go to work by car = go to work in a car
Fly to shanghai = go to shanghai by plane/air = take the/a plane to shanghai = go to shanghai on a/an/the plane.
4.get表示“到达”,后接名词需加to,接地点副词不加to. reach 给示到达,是及物动词,其后直接接宾语。
arrive in+大地点 arrive at +小地点 后接副词不需介词。
5. It takes sb some money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事 Sb pay some money for sth 某人为某物花费多少钱
Sb spend some time/money on sth 某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱 Sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sth Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱 6. How far is it from A to B?=How far is B from A? 答语有两种:
It’s…meters/miles/kilometers(away)有……米/英里/千米(远)
It ‘s about ten minutes’ walk/ ride. 大约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程。
7. have to 后加动词原形,侧重客观的需要,有“不得不,被迫”之意,有多种时态形式,否定式为don’t have to(needn’t)意为“不必”。
Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务做某事,只有现在时一种形式,否定式must’t意为“一定不要,不允许,禁止”反意词为“needn’t”。 8.感谢用语:Thank you very much , Thanks a lot , Many thanks. 回答感谢用语的句子:
That’s ok /all right. 不用谢。 You are welcome 不客气。
It is my pleasure./My pleasure./It is a pleasure.不客气、那是我的荣幸。 /Don’t mention it。别在意。 It was nothing at all.那没什么。
Unit 4
◆短语归纳
1. on time 准时,按时 2. listen to … 听……
3. in class 在课上 4. be late for 做……迟到
5. have to 不得不 6. be quiet 安静
7. go out 外出 8. do the dishes 清洗餐具
9. make breakfast 做早饭 10. make (one’s) bed 铺床
11. be noisy 吵闹 12. keep one’s hair short 留短发
13. play with sb. 和某人一起玩 14. play the piano 弹钢琴
15. have fun 玩得高兴 16. make rules 制订规则 ◆用法集萃
1. Don’t + 动词原形+其他, 不要做某事。 2. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 3. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…… 4. practice doing sth. 练习做某事
5. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 6. be strict in sth. 对某事要要求严格 7. leave sth sp. 把某物忘在某地
8. keep + 宾语+形容词 使……保持某种状态 9. learn to do sth. 学会做某事 10. have to do sth. 不得不做某事 ◆典句必背
1. Don’t arrive late for class. 上课不要迟到。
2. Can we bring music players to school? 我们可以带音乐播放器到学校吗?
3. And we always have to wear the school uniform. 并且我们总是不得不穿校服。 4. There are too many rules! 有太多的规则!
5. Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen! 不要把脏盘子留在厨房里! 6. I have to keep my hair short. 我不得不留短发。 ◆话题写作 Dear Tom,
Thanks for your last letter. You want to know the rules in our school. Now let me tell you about them.
We can’t arrive late for class. We can’t talk loudly in class. We should keep quiet. When we meet our teachers on our way, we should say hello to them. We can’t eat or drink in class, and we can’t listen to music or play games in class.
I think we have too many rules. What about yours? Please write and tell me.
Yours, Li Ming
◆语法
肯定的祈使句:
(1) 实义动词原形+其他; (2) be动词原形+形容词+其他; (3) Let sb do sth.
否定的祈使句:
(1) Don’t+实义动词+原形; (2) Don’t be+形容词+其他; (3) Don’t let sb do sth (4) No+Ving.
2. 不要迟到:Don’t arrive late. = Don’t be late. (arrive = be) 上课/上学不要迟到:Don’t arrive (be) late for class/school. 3. 主语省略(无主语):Don’t arrive late for class. 主语不省略(有主语):We can’t arrive ;ate for class.
4. 在学校我们必须穿校服:We have to wear uniforms at school. 句型:不得不/必须做某事:have to do sth 否定:不必做某事:don’t have to do sth
穿校服:单数:wear a uniform 复数:wear uniforms
5. 在我家里有太多的规矩:I have too many rules in my house. 词组:太多…:too many…
6. 我从来没有任何快乐:I never have any fun.
(never译为“从来没有”,表示否定,否定句中表示“任何,一些”,用any) 7. 不要大声说话:Don’t talk loudly. 请大声说:Speak loudly, please.
8. 他擅长于唱歌:He is good at singing. 句型:擅长于做某事:be good at doing sth 9. 表示“地点”的词组:
(1) 在教室里:in the classroom 在课堂上:in class
(2) 在走廊上:in the hallways 在学校里:at school = in school 10. 表示“时间”的词组:
(1) 下课后:after class 放学后:after school
(2) 在上学的白天/晚上:on school days/nights 比较:at night (3) 到晚上10点钟之前:by 10 o’clock p.m.
11. (1) with 和; 如:He lives in Beijing with my parents. (不能用and)
(2) with 戴着; 如:Do you know the fat man with a hat? (不能用wears) (3) with 有着; 如:It’s an old house with a beautiful garden. (不能用has)
Unit 5
◆短语归纳
1. kind of 有几分,有点儿 2. be from / come from 来自于
3. South Africa 南非 4. all day 整天
5. for a long time 很长时间 6. get lost 迷路
7. places with food and water 有食物和水的地方 8. cut down 砍倒 9. in (great) danger 处于(极大)危险之中 10. twelve years old 十二岁
11. things made of ivory 由象牙制成的东西 ◆用法集萃
1. —Why…? 为什么……? —Because… 因为……
2. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 3. want to do sth. 想要做某事 4. one of + 名词复数 ……之一
5. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 6. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 7. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 8. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 ◆典句必背
1. —Why do you like pandas? 你为什么喜欢熊猫?
—Because they’re kind of interesting. 因为它们有点儿有趣。 2. —Why does John like koalas? 约翰为什么喜欢树袋熊? —Because they’re very cute. 因为它们非常可爱。 3. —Why don’t you like tigers? 你为什么不喜欢老虎? —Because they’re really scary. 因为它们真的吓人。 4. —Where are lions from? 狮子来自哪里? —They’re from South Africa. 它们来自南非。
5. Elephants can walk for a long time and never get lost. 大象能走很长时间并且从不迷路。 6. They can also remember places with food and water. 它们也能记住有食物和水的地方。
7. But elephants are in great danger. 但是,大象处于极大危险之中。 8. People cut down many trees so elephants are losing their homes. 人们砍倒了许多树,因此,大象渐渐失去它们的家园。
9. Today there are only about 3,000 elephants (over 100,000 before) 现在仅有大约3000头大象(之前超过10万头大象)。 10.Isn’t she beautiful? 她难道不美丽吗?
百度搜索“77cn”或“免费范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读,免费范文网,提供经典小说教育文库初一下学期英语重点知识点归纳总结(2)在线全文阅读。
相关推荐: