Dependable Systems and Software Engineering Group(5)

Nine month progress report submitted for continuation towards a PhD

Toward a Canonical Method to Solve Patterns of Ontology Modelling Issues 5 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Requirements specification. Similarly to its Software Engineering counterpart, the main deliverable of this activity is an ontology requirements document. Conceptualization. This activity produces a conceptual model of the ontology, starting from a glossary of terms that contains the relevant domain knowledge for the ontology. Implementation. It constitutes the actual coding of the ontology into a formal ontology language that is machine-readable, such as the Web Ontology Language (OWL), (Dean and Schreiber 2004). Evaluation. This activity could be seen as the Verification and Validation tasks performed in the Software Engineering discipline. The idea is to corroborate that the delivered ontology meets the requirements it was built for. Documentation. It is an important task that takes place throughout the ontological engineering process in order to understand the built ontology and enable potential future re-use. However, lack of guidelines on how to generate this documentation has been a challenge for ontologists when undertaking this activity. (Skuce 1995) Evolution and maintenance. This practice deals with the repercussions of modifications made to a deployed ontology in the applications and systems that the ontology operates. Management of change Extension. In situations when an ontology is re-used, it may be necessary to add new classes, properties, or other functionality to adapt it to new requirements. The process of adding or expanding the capabilities of an ontology is also referred to as ontology extension. Specialization or refinement. It could be viewed as the contrary process to ontology extension. In this case, the ontology is subtracted of some of its functionality that is not relevant to meet its requirements. Pruning or winnowing. It is characterized by tailoring, simplifying, or shrinking an ontology with respect to the needs of the application that is using it (Ehrig et al., 2004)(Alani et al., 2006). Integration. It deals with the question of how and whether to use all or part of ontologies that already exist (Uschold et al., 1996). Merging. It examines similarities and differences between source ontologies and it aims to produce a single ontology resulting from the combination of all the sources (Noy and Musen, 2000). Mapping or alignment. Like in the case of ontology merging, ontology mapping also involves looking at links between existing ontologies to make them

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