大学英语四六级高分备考方略 - 2

大学英语四六级高分备考方略

跨考名师 林健

重点话题的预测

第一是命题的三种形式，是图表；图画；英语格言。 第二个就是推测可能考的一个话题范围：

第一类：成功必备要素。比如说乐观、勇敢、坚持、毅力、耐心、准备、强大的意志，创新、合作、沟通、诚实、诚信、信任等等，这些话题都跟人生的一种哲理有关系。

第二类：文化继承与交流。可能涉及到一些社会上的文化现象。比如说传统文化的流失，还有社会公德的问题，还有人与人之间的信任问题。中外文化交流。

第三类：环境自然类。空气污染，自然资源短缺，诸如此类的话题等等，都是我们也要去准备的方向。

第四类：网络科技类。涉及到青少年的上网成瘾，还有青少年的过度沉迷于手机，还有网络上的谣言，还有个人隐私，个人信息的泄露。

第五类：是职场就业类。员工的工作满意度，大学毕业生的就业选择

第六类：两代关系题。可能是上一辈人，家长对孩子的一个过度的保护；还有晚辈对长辈之间的那种关系，比如说晚辈不愿意照顾老人，啃老族，就是年轻人工作了之后依旧依靠父母，产生的原因和危害是什么，这样的话题我们也要进行准备。 第七类：身体健康类话题 第八类：旅游休闲类。

第九类：商业经济类话题，一般出的都是图表作文。比如电商行业，或是手机行业、汽车行业、住房和建筑行业等等。 第十类：大学校园类。

写作真经：审题仔细、自圆其说、亮点频现、字迹美观 审题三要素：一就是一条宗旨，二就是两条主线，三就是三种类型。 一条宗旨：主题都具有一种教育的意义 两条主线：

第一条是积极的主线。凡是考察积极的话题，我们就去歌颂它，赞美它，去讲它的意义，去讲它的重要性和必要性，最后写一下这个话题我们获得了什么样的收获和启发。

第二条是消极的主线。负面问题在命题的时候是希望考生能够去对这个负面问题进行一定的思考，分析产生的原因和危害。最后给出你想如何规避这个问题的一些解决方案 三个类型：

第一种是与个人相关的积极话题，也就是人生哲理话题，乐观、坚持、梦想、创新、合作、沟通等等，

第二种是社会的中性和积极话题。比如说社会上的社会美德问题，社会公德问题，还有文化融合问题，文化交流问题都是。 第三类话题是社会负面话题，比如动物的过度捕杀，环境污染，商品过度包装。 写作黄金模板（漫画类模板1示范） 开头通用模式

A fairly compelling picture leaped off the page the minute I caught sight of this test paper. As is graphically portrayed in the above drawing,_描述漫画______. The cartoonist’s real purpose is not the fact itself, but to lead us to detect the informative message behind it.(通用)

1. 设计问题(第一段结尾)

①Then people may wonder what are the real causes triggering this phenomenon? ②Then people may worry what negative consequences this will bring about to us? ③Then people may wonder what positive consequences this will bring about to us?

④Then people may be curious how many ways on earth we can employ to have this nut cracked? 第二段 万能理由

1. 相关部门出台优惠政策

Relevant authorities have issued friendly policies to protect and promote the further development of __行业（如E-commerce/tourism/fast food/show/real estate/low carbon_____ industry. 2. 人们可支配收入和购买力提高

Along with the quickening development of market economy, people have more disposable income and purchasing power., which

enables them to afford the once-deemed-expensive expense. 3. 监管不力助长了某趋势的蔓延

The supervision system practiced today is not strictly observed ，which has inevitably encouraged the undesirable trend. 4.压力

With the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly fierce in all walks of life， imposing tremendous pressure on all individuals. The past years have witnessed dramatic increase in the difficulty of examinations and employment //maintaining life quality//housing. 5. 便利

People in mounting numbers are tempted to the convenience brought by 6. 短视

Thirty-plus years into the reform and opening up, the Chinese society has recognized itself in a way that puts an excessive high premium on immediate interest over (如 environmental protection. 7. 变革中的社会缺乏意识

The society as a whole, being continuously transformed, has ignored the negative consequences of （主题）

第三段 解决问题

1. Admittedly, it’s no use only being aware of the seriousness of this. Actions speak louder than words. Prompt countermeasures should be implemented to have this nut cracked. It is imperative that relevant laws and regulations be unveiled and enforced to harness and curb this disturbing//undesirable //trend. The awareness of _________should be enhanced. Only in a harmonious atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal paradise in which people can enjoy their life to the uttermost.

第二部分 听力

【Sample】

1.W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in the east end of the town. There are a lot of roses in bloom. M: Why don’t we walk over there and see for ourselves? Q: What will the speakers probably do?

2.M: My presentation is scheduled for 9:30 tomorrow morning at the lecture hall. I hope to see you there. W: Oh, sorry. I was about to tell you that I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:00 o’clock tomorrow. Q: What do we learn about the woman?

3.M: Have you read the news on the campus net? Susan has won the scholarship for next year.

W: I knew she would from the very beginning. Such a brilliant and diligent girl! She certainly deserves it. Q: What does the woman mean?

4.W: Taking a bus to Miami, it’s cheaper than going by train.

M: That’s true. But I’d rather pay a little more for the added comfort and convenience. Q: What does the man mean?

考生听力的高低完全取决于他们是否具备了以下4个方面的基础：

一. 坚实的语言基础 二. 一定的文化背景知识 三. 基本的听力技能 四. 正确有效的听音习惯 1听，做题、2.对照原文听 画出不懂部分 3.背诵或模仿 4.跟读 5. 听写考点句 听力材料的选材原则一般基于以下三点： 一. 对话部分为校园生活中的一般对话，句子结构和内容不太复杂. 二. 短文部分的材料是题材熟情节不太复杂的故事、讲话或叙述等. 三. 所用词汇不超过教学大纲词汇表规定的范围. 注意事项: 1. 保持良好的心态，头脑要冷静，一个题听不懂不要过多纠缠。

善于利用时间：

（1）播放考场指令时，题目说明和例句时.

（2）题与题之间的15秒间隔利用好阅读选项，猜测谈话话题和可能问的问题：听前从所给的文字材料和答案选项等线索中发现一些背景信息，力求缩小谈话者的话题，它能帮助考生搞清所听内容的类型和结构甚至主题。考生听的时候可避免过分注重每个单词从而影响对全篇中心思想的理解。考生应抢时间阅读试卷上的选项，争取主动，以便在听音时有针对性。根据选项猜测问的是时间、地点、人物、金钱、还是计划、打算、状态等等。

2. 阅读选项要一目十行，提高效率：听力不像阅读，它是单向性的、一次性的。时间有限，提高阅读选项的速度。

3.手耳并用，简单做笔记：录音中的细节，如重要的数字、人物、地名等，仅大脑记忆很难完全记住。因此，考试中可以有目地的、有选择的加以记录，以便听完录音后能快速准确的选出答案。

4.多做真题。十多年来的每年两度的考试，光是真题就积累了几十套了。这些真题的命题还是很有规律可循的。要找四级的感觉，就得多做真题。

一．简短对话部分：

该部分一般是日常生活中的对话，即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、生活等话题，场景可分为校园、公共场所（银行、机场、医院、邮局、交通工具等）、家庭、办公室等方面。每题1分。

简短对话的形式：一般是男士说一句，女士说一句，然后根据他们的对话内容由第三方提出一个问题。该部分一般是日常生活中的对话，即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、生活等话题，场景可分为校园、公共场所（银行、机场、医院等）、家庭、办公室等方面。每题1分。

简短对话的类型：按照简短对话的内容或句型，我们可以把该部分分为以下类型：

问对话发生的地点和场所：

Where does the conversation most probably take place? Where does this conversation most likely occur? Where are the two speakers?

不同的场景下人们交谈用语也不同，例如：

校园：campus, dorm, library (renew the books, overdue, pay a fine, bookshelf), lab, canteen, roommate, professor, semester, term, pass, fail, exam, course, credit, resume，tutor, graduate, presentation, speech, report, lecture, paper, scholarship等。

银行：open an account, cash the check, buy traveler's check, ATM, draw/deposit money, balance, savings等。

餐馆：menu, a table for two, a table in the corner/by the window, full, on diet, treat, order, course, salad, wine, dessert，waiter, reserve, take order等。

机场：board, flight, gate number, check in, boarding pass, seat-belt等。

交通：due to arrive, fast train, non-stop train, xx minutes late, postpone, delay, break down, traffic jam, flat tire, speeding, pay a fine等。

医院：Do you have an appointment? What's the matter with you?

take one's temperature, have a fever, have a sore throat, keep coughing, toothache, headache, physician, surgeon, doctor, nurse, operation-room, emergency room, ward, visiting hours, prescribe, pill, capsule等。

邮局：business hours, parcel, postage, letter, stamp等。

家庭：darling, sweet heart之类的比较亲近的称谓语，watch TV, fix the washing machine, grocery, mow the lawn, sofa, kitchen, dining-room, have a bath等。

旅馆：check in/out, make a reservation, register, reception desk等。 找房子：价格高，太吵，难找．

这样的问题的答案选项一般是由介词in或at后面加一个地点构成的。如： M: How many hours are you taking this semester? W: Eighteen, plus two hours of lab.

Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a bank. C. At an office. D. In a university. 该题的关键词是semester和lab. 提问人物关系或人物的身份：

此类对话提供一个情节，能反映所涉及的人的关系或身份，关键词可以参考第1点中列出的。 （1） 问人物的关系:

What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? 如：

M: Good evening, Madam. There is a table for two over there. This way, please. W: Thank you. Could I see the menu, please?

Q: What's the relationship between the man and woman? A. Husband and wife. B. Waiter and customer. C. Salesman and customer. D. Host and guest. 该题的关键词是menu和Madam.

（2） 问人物的职业身份：Who is the man/the woman? 如：

M: According to your ad in this morning's paper, you have an apartment for rent.

W: Yes, I have. It's on the second floor. Would you like to have a look? Come this way, please. Q: Who is the woman?

A. A bank clerk. B. A secretary. C. A landlady. D. A doctor.

该题的关键词是an apartment for rent和ad. 计算类。一般涉及时间和价钱的运算。

（1）问活动发生的时间或具体几点。该类的题一般不会直接告诉我们时间，会涉及到时间的一些简单的加减运算。要注意一些关键词，如：a quarter (to/past), half (past), daily, weekly, fortnight等。

W: Bob, are you going straight home after school today?

M: No. I have a class until one o'clock, and after that I'm going to spend a couple of hours at the library before going home. Q: When is Bob going home this afternoon? A. Around 5:00. B. Around 3:00. C. At 2:00. D. At 1:00.

本题的关键是until one o'clock，和to spend a couple of hours at the library before going home。

（2） 商品的价格。该类的题也涉及到一些简单的加减乘除运算。要注意一些关键词，如：10% off, discount, double, half the price, couple, pair, dozen, a real bargain, on sale，change等。

尤其要注意单件商品的价格，买多件商品是否优惠，找零，以及最后的问题是说话人要付的钱、单件商品的价格、还是买若干商品需要付的钱。如：

W: Here's a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight's show, please. M: Sure. Two tickets and here's a dollar forty cents change. Q: How much does one ticket cost? A. $ 8.60. B. $ 4.30 C. $ 6.40. D. $ 1.40

本题的关键是ten-dollar bill, two tickets, a dollar forty cents change.

人物的计划或打算。

这类问题中第一个说话人往往会提出一种观点或提议或建议，要仔细听第二个说话人是同意还是反对。 （1） 第二个说话人同意第一个人的观点或提议或建议. 如：

W：You need a rest. You've finished your exams. So why don't you go away somewhere for a long weekend? M: That's a good idea. Perhaps Monica will come with me. Q: What will the man probably do? A. To have a good rest. B. To see Monica.

C. To go abroad for the weekend. D. To take an exam.

本题的关键是That's a good idea，说明第二个说话人同意第一个说话人的观点。

（2）第二个说话人不同意第一个人的观点或提议或建议，大多数情况下是礼貌委婉地表达自己的不同意见，所以要特别注意：

如：

M: Mary, would you like to go to the movies with me after dinner? W: Well, I'll go if you really want me to, but I'm rather tired. Q：What can we learn from the conversation? A. The woman does not want to go to the movies. B. The man is too tired to go to the movies. C. The woman wants to go to the movies. D. The man wants to go out for dinner. 本题的关键是…but… 人物的感觉状态。

除了根据说话人的语气判断之外，对话中出现的关键词可能有：excited, disappointed, overjoyed, relieved, upset, unhappy, blue, depressed, relaxed, anxious, tense, worried，angry等。

W: Weren't you nervous when the professor called on you in class? M: I'd say I was shaking all over.

Q: How did the man feel when he was called on?

A. Worried and frightened. B. Very relaxed C. Quite unhappy.

D. Angry with the professor.

本题的关键是I was shaking all over. 交通或交通工具。

该类的对话一般涉及交通工具晚点或交通出现了某些问题。

对于交通工具晚点的问题，有时会谈论正点时间和推延的时间，然后再说原因。

这类题的关键词是：be caught in a traffic jam, the rush hour, flat tire, break down, traffic accident, behind schedule, due等。 W: I'm sorry, sir. The train is somewhat behind schedule. Take a seat, and I'll tell you as soon as we know something definite. M: Thank you. I'll just sit here and read a magazine in the meantime. Q: What can we conclude about the train from the conversation? A. The train is crowded. B. The train is late. C. The train is empty. D. The train is on time. 本题的关键是behind schedule. 请求或建议。

表示请求的句型一般有：Can you…? Would you…? Would you mind …?

表示建议的句型一般有：If I were you, I'd … Shall we…? Why not…? Perhaps we should…. It would be better if…How about …? M: Can I use your new car, Auntie?

W: Yes, of course, if you drive it carefully. Q: What's the aunt's answer?

A. She agrees to lend him the car. B. She offers him the car.

C. She refused to lend him the car. D. She is pleased to lend him the car.

本题的关键是Yes, of course,虽然后面又附加了条件if you drive it carefully. 释义、替换或上下义。

该类对话的选项中会用单词替换或解释对话人表达的意思，同时考查听力和词汇。 W: Have you finished reading my research report? I put it on your desk last week. M: Yes, but you have to revise some parts of it, if you want to get it published. Q: What does the man suggest that the woman should do? A. Put her report on his desk.

B. Read some papers he recommended. C. Mail her report to the publisher. D. Improve some parts of her paper.

本题的关键是理解revise的同义词是improve. M: Nancy, why were you late today? W: I overslept and missed the bus. Q: Why was Nancy late? A. She got up later than usual. B. The bus was late.

C. She forgot she had class. D. Her clock was slow.

overslept也就是got up later than usual。

有些题尽管问题可能问的是含义之类，但其实考查的是同学们对上下义关系的掌握。如： M: Let me see. I've printed my family name, first name, date of birth and address. Anything else? W: No, that's all right. We'll fill in the rest of it if you just sign your name at the bottom. Q: What has the man been doing?

A. Having an interview. B. Filling out a form.

C. Talking with a friend. D. Asking for information.

上义词为概括性词语，下义词所表示的则是具体的东西。本题中能够概括男士所做之事的应该是选项B。 人物对某件事物的观点或态度，或考生从对话中能获得什么信息或结论。 该类的题难度较大，类型也比较繁多复杂。需要考生全面理解对话内容。 What does the man mean (imply) ?

What does the woman's answer suggest?

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