毕业论文-永旺综合百货超市基层员工工作满意度与离职倾向分析

二○一六届学生毕业论文（设计）

毕业论文（设计）

论文题目 永旺综合百货超市基层员工工作满意度与离职倾向分析 （英 文）Analysis of job satisfaction and turnover intention of the grass-rootsemployees in Aeon comprehensive department store supermarket 学 院 商学院 专 业 工商管理 姓 名 刘庭松 学 号 122201201123 指导教师 邓红珍

2016年 5月16日

永旺综合百货超市基层员工工作满意度与离职倾向分析

学生：刘庭松，商学院（工商管理系） 指导教师：邓红珍，江汉大学商学院

摘要

随着改革的深入，零售业正成为我国经济增长的一大热点。与此同时，零售业人力资源管理方面也面临很多的挑战。基层员工的工作满意度低，流失率累创新高，这对本身属于劳动密集型行业的零售业而言，是一个很严峻的问题。因此，研究零售业基层员工的工作满意度与离职倾向的问题，对于提高满意度、降低离职率和改善人力资源管理等具有重要的现实意义。

本研究在整理工作满意度、离职倾向以及两者之间关系的相关理论的基础上，将工作满意度分为工作报酬、工作本身和工作环境三个维度。建立工作满意度和离职倾向的关系模型，以永旺综合百货超市武汉经开店136名基层员工为研究对象，主要通过问卷调查收集相关数据，并利用SPSS22.0和问卷星等统计软件对数据整理分析，得出以下结论：

（1）永旺综合百货超市武汉经开店基层员工的工作满意度较低，离职倾向比较强；（2）工作满意度在人口学变量上具有差异；（3）离职倾向在人口学变量上具有差异；（4）工作满意度和离职倾向有显著的相关性；（5）工作满意度对离职倾向具有显著的负向预测能力。

根据结论，本研究提出了对应的改善建议：(1)提高工资水平，改善福利待遇；（2）健全薪酬体系，强化绩效考核；（3）改善工作设计，减轻工作强度；（4）差异化管理，重视员工发展。

关键词

工作满意度；离职倾向；大型零售企业；基层员工

Abstract

With the deepening of reform, China's retail industry has become a hot economic growth. At the same time, the retail industry human resources management is facing many challenges. Grass-roots staff job satisfaction is low, the turnover reached new highs, it for retail itself belongs to the labor-intensive industry, is a very serious problem. So the large retail enterprises employee job satisfaction and turnover tendency problems at the grassroots level to improve human resource management, improve the job satisfaction, reduced turnover intention has important practical significance.

In this study, the relationship between job satisfaction, turnover intention, and on the basis of relevant theories, could be divided into compensation, job satisfaction, job itself and the environment in three dimensions, and put forward the model of the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention. Aeon's comprehensive department store supermarket Wuhan after the opening 136 grass-roots staff as the research object, mainly through questionnaire to collect the relevant data, and use the questionnaire star, SPSS20.0 and statistical software for data analysis, and draw the following conclusion:

(1) the aeon comprehensive department store supermarket employee job satisfaction at the grass-roots level is low, turnover intention is stronger; (2) job satisfaction there are differences in demographic variables; (3) the turnover intention exist differences in demographic variables; (4) job satisfaction and turnover intention is significantly related to correlation; (5) job satisfaction on turnover intention has significant negative predictive ability.

According to the conclusion, this study puts forward the corresponding improvement Suggestions: (1) improve the remuneration and appraisal system; (2) to improve employee benefits; (3) improve the internal management and communication; (4) to establish a fair promotion mechanism, focus on staff development.

Key words

large retail enterprises; Junior staff; Job satisfaction; Turnover intentio

目录

摘要 ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 第一章绪论 .................................................................................................................................................... 6

(一)研究背景 ........................................................................................................................................ 6 (二)研究目的与意义............................................................................................................................. 6

1、研究目的................................................................................................................................... 6 2、研究意义................................................................................................................................... 6 （三）研究内容与方法 ......................................................................................................................... 7

1、研究内容................................................................................................................................... 7 2、研究方法................................................................................................................................... 7

第二章理论综述 ............................................................................................................................................ 8

（一）工作满意度理论综述 ................................................................................................................. 8

1、工作满意度的发展历程及定义 ............................................................................................... 8 2、工作满意度的影响 ................................................................................................................... 9 （二）离职倾向理论综述 ................................................................................................................... 10

1、离职倾向的定义 ..................................................................................................................... 10 2、离职倾向的影响因素 ............................................................................................................. 11 （三）工作满意度与离职倾向的关系 ............................................................................................... 12

1、工作满意度与离职倾向的关系研究 ..................................................................................... 12 2、工作满意度与离职倾向的关系模型 ..................................................................................... 12

第三章模型构建与研究假设....................................................................................................................... 13

（一）研究的模型构建 ....................................................................................................................... 13 （二）研究假设 .................................................................................................................................. 13 第四章模型设计 .......................................................................................................................................... 14

（一）测量工具 .................................................................................................................................. 14

1、问卷说明................................................................................................................................. 14 2、工作满意度量表 ..................................................................................................................... 14 3、离职倾向量表 ......................................................................................................................... 16 （二）样本及数据采集 ....................................................................................................................... 16 （三）信度及效度检验 ....................................................................................................................... 17

1、信度检验................................................................................................................................. 17 2、效度检验................................................................................................................................. 18

第五章数据分析 .......................................................................................................................................... 18

（一）研究对象背景介绍 ................................................................................................................... 18 （二）样本描述性统计分析 ............................................................................................................... 18 （三）量表描述性统计分析 ............................................................................................................... 20

1、工作满意度量表的描述性统计分析 ..................................................................................... 20 2、离职倾向量表的描述性统计分析 ......................................................................................... 22 （四）人口学变量对工作满意和离职倾向的影响分析 ................................................................... 22

1、不同年龄员工的工作满意度和离职倾向是否存在差异 ..................................................... 22 2、不同性别员工的工作满意度和离职倾向是否存在差异 ..................................................... 25

2、不同性婚姻状员工的工作满意度和离职倾向是否存在差异 ............................................. 27 （五）工作满意度与离职倾向的关系分析 ....................................................................................... 28

1、相关性分析............................................................................................................................. 28 2、回归分析................................................................................................................................. 29

第六章总结与展望 ...................................................................................................................................... 30

（一）研究总结 .................................................................................................................................. 30

1、永旺综合百货超市武汉经开店基层员工工作满意度较低 ................................................. 30 2、永旺综合百货超市武汉经开店基层员工离职倾向较强 ..................................................... 30 3、人口学变量对员工的工作满意度和离职倾向的影响较大 ................................................. 30 4、工作满意度对离职倾向有显著的负向预测能力 ................................................................. 31 5、本研究假设的验证结果 ......................................................................................................... 31 （二）对策建议 .................................................................................................................................. 31

1、提高工资水平，改善福利待遇 ............................................................................................. 31 2、完善薪酬体系，强化绩效考核 ............................................................................................. 32 3、改善工作设计，减轻工作强度 ............................................................................................. 32 4、差异化管理，重视员工发展 ................................................................................................. 32 （三）研究的局限与未来展望 ........................................................................................................... 32

1、研究的创新点......................................................................................................................... 32 2、研究的局限性......................................................................................................................... 33 3、未来研究展望......................................................................................................................... 33

致谢 .............................................................................................................................................................. 34 参考文献 ...................................................................................................................................................... 35 附录 .............................................................................................................................................................. 36

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