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The emphasis Americans place on efficiency is closely related to their concepts of the future， change and time. To do something efficiently is to do it in the way that is quickest and requires the smallest investment of resources. American businesses sometimes hire “efficiency experts” to review their operations and suggest ways in which they could accomplish more than they are currently accomplishing with the resources they are investing. Popular periodicals carry suggestions for more efficient ways to clean house， raise children， tend the yard， and so on.
In this context the “fast-food industry” can be seen as a clear example of an American cultural product. McDonald’s， Kentucky Fried Chicken， Pizza Hut， and other fast-food establishments prosper in a country where many people want to minimize the amount of time they spend preparing and eating meals. The millions of Americans who take their meals at fast-food restaurants cannot have much interest in lingering over their food while conversing with friends， as millions of Europeans do. As McDonald’s restaurants have spread around the world， they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture， bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed， efficiency， and shiny cleanliness. The typical American food， some observers argue， is fast food.
26. If a person treasures other people’s time，he .
A. does not waste people’s time with conversation or activity that has no beneficial outcome
B. does not believe the future will be any better than the present or the past C. likes to deep a written schedule of the daily activities with him D. likes to have his meals at the fast-food restaurants to save time
27. In the eyes of the foreign visitors in the States， American people . A. think that time is always there which needs budgeting B. enjoy saving and using time wisely everyday
C. are indifferent in that they are like feelingless machines
D. are so fully engaged that they are unable to enjoy the important things in life 28. What is the job of an efficiency expert？
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A. Writing articles for periodicals. B. Recommending ways of efficient investment C. Examining the quality of a company‘s products D. Teaching people how to take care of their yard
29. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph？ A. Many Americans love having meals at fast-food restaurants B. Americans are busier than other people in the world
C. The American fast-food industry helps spread the American culture around the world D. The United States is the father of the world’s fast-food industry 30. The best title for this passage is A.The American Concept of Time
B.The Development of the American Fast Food Industry C.How to Raise Efficiency D.The American Food and Culture
Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
It is difficult to estimate the number of youngsters involved in home schooling， where children are not sent to school and receive their formal education from one or both parents. Legislation and court decisions have make it legally possible in most states for parents to educate their children at home， and each year more people take advantage of that opportunity.
Supporters of home education claim that it is less expensive and far more efficient than mass public education. Moreover they quote several merits： relief of school overcrowding， added curricular and pedagogical （课程和教学法） alternatives， strengthened family relationships， lower dropout rates， increased motivation， higher standardized test scores， and reduced discipline problems. Supporters of home schooling also believe that it provides the parents with the opportunity to reinforce their moral values through education.
Critics of home schooling movement claim that it creates as many problems as it solves. They acknowledge that， in a few cases， home schooling offers educational
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opportunities superior to those found in most public schools， but few parents can provide such educational advantages. Some parents who withdraw their children form the schools in favor of home schooling have an inadequate educational background and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children. Typically， parents have fewer， not more technological resources available than do schools. However， the relatively inexpensive computer technology that is readily available today is causing some to challenge the notion that home schooling is in any way not so good as more highly structured classroom education. Finally， a sociological （社会学） concern is the restricted social interaction experienced by children who are educated at home. Technology will never replace the pupil-teacher relationship. Also， while relationships with parents and brothers and sisters may be improved， children taught at home may develop a distorted （歪曲的） view of society.
31. The main idea of the passage is that . A. more and more parents are in favor of home schooling
B. home schooling is superior to school education because it has been legally approved
C. though home schooling has its advantages， it creates as many new problems at the same time
D. school education is no doubt better than home education 32. Those who support home schooling think that .
A. it’s less expensive and more efficient apart from other merits B. it has added curricular and pedagogical alternatives C. it will cause fewer discipline problems D. it’s more important to reinforce moral values 33. Critics believe that .
A. few parents can afford computers and technology when providing home education B. few parents are qualified enough to provide a satisfactory home education？ C. school teachers are better than parents
D. classroom environment can provide most satisfactory education
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34. According to the author， home schooling cannot help children . A. acquire social knowledge
B. build up a relationship with family members C. build up pupil-teacher relationship D. develop a right view of society
35. The attitude of the author toward home schooling is . A. vague B. positive C. totally negative D. straight-forward
PART TWO （50POINTS）
IV、Word Spelling （10 points， 1 point for two items）将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。 36.破坏，使?遇难 vt w_ _ _ _ 37.自愿的，自发的 a. v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38.紧要的，紧迫的 a. u_ _ _ _ _ 39. 容忍，忍受 vt. t_ _ _ _ _ _ 40.症状，征兆 n. s_ _ _ _ _ _ 41. 最近，不久前 ad. l_ _ _ _ 42.放大，夸大 vt. m_ _ _ _ _ _ 43. 概念，想法 n. n_ _ _ _ 44.服从，听从 vt. o_ _ _ 45. 苦干的，费力的 a. p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46.达到；造诣 n. a_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47. 使平衡；权衡 vt. b_ _ _ _ _ 48.战役，运动 n. c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49. 装修，装饰 vt. d_ _ _ _ _ _ 50.基本的，初级的 a. e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51. 忠诚的，忠实的 a. f_ _ _ _ _ _ 52.姿势，手势 n g_ _ _ _ _ _ 53. 高度地，非常 ad. h_ _ _ _ 54.模仿的，仿制的 a. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55. 正义，公正 n. j_ _ _ _ _ _
V、Word FORM（10 points，1 point for each item）将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。
56. Once harm （do） to the environment， it takes years to have the system recovred. 57. With the strike （settle）， the work on the new assembly line went ahead like wildfire.
58. The child was playing （danger） near the edge of the swimming pool. 59. This project ________（accomplish） by the end of 2006 will greatly improve the
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basic facility of the city.
60. People appreciate______（talk） with him because he is knowledgeable and humorous. 61. Since the author did not stick to the topic ， I found his article very ______（confuse） and hard to follow.
62. With all this done ， I ______（free） from all troubles and responsibilities. 63. Had he been treated well ， he ________（get over） this disease.
64. Investigations into the cause of the shipwreck show that the ship _______（sink） the moment it hit the rock .
65. If only the board ________（approve） the proposal and put it into effect. VI、Translation from Chinese into English （15 points ，3 points for each item）将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。 66. 时间是世界上最容易浪费也是最难以把握的东西。
67.虽然管理者不能预测未来，但他们的许多决策还是要求他们考虑到未来可能发生的事情. 68.爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。 69.这次考试不及格人数多得惊人。
70.二十世纪六十年代美国民间音乐除表现爱情与希望外，还表现反战情绪。 VII、Translation from English into Chinese （15 points） 将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
Planning is a very important activity in our lives. It can give pleasure and even excitement， but cause quite severe headaches . The more significant the task ahead ， the more careful the planning required. Getting to school or to work on time is a task requiring little or no planning . It is almost a routine. A
month’s touring holiday abroad， or better still ， getting married， is a different matter altogether. If the holiday involves a church wedding， with 50 guests， a reception， a honeymoon in Italy， and returning to a new home， this requires even more planning to make sure that is successful . Planning is our way of trying to ensure success and of avoiding costly failures we cannot afford. It is equally essential to mankind as a whole， to nations， to families and to each individual ； the scale may vary， but the degree of importance does not.
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