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worst cater I've ever seen in my life! I can't get her to eat anything. I'm afraid she's going to grow up sick and weak, that's how little she eats.\ \eat her food?\ Her voice showing a very high state of pique, Mrs. Sanders continued resentfully, \I scream and shout a lot at her. She makes me so mad when she won't eat her food. I warn her she needs a good, well-balanced meal to grow up healthy. She's just a stubborn child who won't eat her food. I'm afraid she'll get a bad vitamin deficiency for not eating all the good food I cook for her.\ I took a thorough case history. I went into much detail about the family's habits, their routines, their way of getting on together. Sally- I was told, had always been a bad eater. Mother and father agreed that Sally became worse in her eating habits soon after Elizabeth, her nine-month-old baby sister, was born. \only makes Sally very angry when I tell her what a wonderful little eater Elizabeth is. Elizabeth is such a wonderful eater I never have any problems with her. Why can't Sally be like Elizabeth?\ \a battle of wills. a struggle for power between you and little Sally\ Meals should be a sort of treat, not a nutritional treatment for your child. For Now, stop being an amateur nutritionist. Give her the sort of food she really enjoys. And give her only very small portions. Don't scold if she doesn't eat everything on her plate. If she's eaten everything and wants more, give her only tiny additional portions. Never insist that she eat everything on her plate. Remain, to the best of your ability calm, unconcerned and indifferent to her habit of slowly picking away at her food. Instead, enjoy your own food, and pay no attention to Sally. Then, after about, say, 30 minutes, very calmly pick up all the plates and other crockery from the table. Mealtime is over. Maybe your child will complain that she hasn't finished yet. Pay her no heed. But do say, for example. \got to be. We can't stay at the table too long eating. Sorry, if you're still hungry, you'll just have to wait until lunch time, (or whatever the next meal is).\

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. A bad eater in the article refers to who ______. A . has no taste for food

B . pay no attention to nutrition of food at all C . picks at the food and eats very little D . eats bad food

正确答案:picks at the food and eats very little

题目详解:文章第一段提到了“pick at his food”，第三段提到了“I can't get her to eat anything ... that's how little she eats”，由此可见一个坏的饮食者是指喜欢挑三捡四，并且吃得很少的人，故答案为“picks at the food and eats very little”。而选项“has no taste for food”和“eats bad food”文中并未提到，选项“pay no attention to nutrition of food at all”中的关键词nutrition在最后一段提到，但与bad eater无关。

2. The author is probably________. A . a psychologist

B . a nutritionist C . a physician D . a skillful nurse

正确答案:a psychologist

题目详解:根据最后一段作者给这位母亲的建议可以看出，他非常了解孩子的心理，可能是位心理学家，又因为其他三个选项文中并未提到，故答案为“a psychologist”。

3. Which of the following is true according to the article?

A . Sally's mother contributes much to sally's bad eating habits. B . Sally's mother cannot cook nutritional food.

C . Sally's mother intends to make mealtime a struggle for power. D . Sally's mother praises her baby sister to make her angry.

正确答案:Sally's mother contributes much to sally's bad eating habits.

题目详解:文章第七段提到“你(指这位孩子母亲)没有将吃饭时间当成一种快乐的时刻，相反，你却把它变成了一场你和萨莉之间意志力的斗争”，由此可见，她妈妈要对萨莉坏习惯的养成负很大的责任，故答案为“Sally's mother contributes much to sally's bad eating habits.”。

4. The author advises Mrs. Sanders ______. A . to force her child to cat everything

B . to stop starving her child to change her bad eating habits C . to give her child nutritious food only D . not to become an amateur nutritionist

正确答案:not to become an amateur nutritionist

题目详解:定位于文章最后一段，本段第二句话提到“从现在开始，停止做一个业余的营养师”，由此可知答案为“not to become an amateur nutritionist”。而选项“to give her child nutritious food only”、“to force her child to cat everything”和“to stop starving her child to change her bad eating habits”都过于绝对，并且文中也并未提到这样的建议。

5. In the phrase \very high, state of pique\(Paragraph 5), the word \can be replaced by the word ______. A . resentment B . pleasure C . anger

D . excitement

正确答案:anger

题目详解:根据第三段第一句话“... who was angrily described by ...?”以及第五段第一句话“... Mrs Sanders continued resentfully”可以排除选项“excitement”和“pleasure”。选项“resentment”和后一句中的副词“resentfully”词义重复，所以排除此项，故答案为“anger”。

Common cold is a viral infection that starts in the upper respiratory tract, sometimes spreads to the lower structures, and may contribute secondary infections in the eyes or middle ears. The main differences between the common cold and other respiratory infections are the absence of fever and the relative mildness of the symptoms. About 200 different strains of virus are capable of producing colds. Frequently two or more different viruses can be isolated during a single episode. The cold is spread by person-to-person contact. People can carry the virus and communicate it without themselves experiencing any of the symptoms. Incubation is short -- usually one to four days. The viruses start spreading from an infected person before the symptoms appear, and the spread reaches its peak during the symptomatic phase. The incidence of colds peaks during the autumn, and minor epidemics commonly occur throughout the winter. The reason for this incidence is unknown: it may not stem mainly from stresses imposed by chilly weather but rather result from the greater amount of time spent indoors, which increases the likelihood of close contact with those persons carrying cold viruses. Pathologic changes occurring in the mucous membrane that lines the nose, the nasal sinuses, the nasoharynx, and other upper respiratory passages may include tissue swelling, congestion of blood, and oozing of fluids. During the acute phase of the disease, the respiratory secretions are altered by increase in serum proteins. Parts of cells may also be found in the fluids. Tissue repair is rapid and seems complete, although a relationship might exist between colds and more serious respiratory conditions. Cold symptoms vary from person to person, but in the individual the same symptoms tend to recur in succeeding bouts of infection. Manifestations may include sneezing, headaches, fatigue, chilling, sore throat, inflammation of the nose (rhinitis), and nasal discharge. There is usually no fever. The symptoms usually last for only a few days. The nasal discharge is the first warning. The secretions become watery, clear, and excessive. Later, they thicken, increase in mucus and pus content, and may colour a yellow-green, with traces of blood. Coughing can be dry or produce amounts of mucus. Other, more serious diseases with similar general symptoms may be mistaken for a cold; some of these are tuberculosis, bronchitis, lung abscesses, and inflammation around the heart. Treatment is, in most instances, directed toward allaying of symptoms, coupled with rest and adequate fluid intake. Occasionally antibiotics are given to prevent secondary infections.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. According to this passage, common cold is ______.

A . caused by spending a lot of time outdoors in chilly weather B . a kind of popular respiratory infection C . generally accompanied with mild fever D . a hereditary disease

正确答案:a kind of popular respiratory infection

题目详解:根据第一段第一句“普通感冒是从上呼吸道开始的由滤过性病毒引起的传染病……”可知答案为“a kind of popular respiratory infection”，而选项a hereditary disease “遗传疾病”肯定不正确。由文中第四段第三句“感冒一般不出现发烧症状”，可知选项“generally accompanied with mild fever”不正确；再由第二段第七句“……感冒的主要原因可能不是因为严寒的天气而是由于大部分时间呆在室内引起的……”可知选项“caused by spending a lot of time outdoors in chilly weather”不正确。

2. The second paragraph is written to mainly talk about ______ of colds. A . the incubation B . the causes C . the definition D . the spreading

正确答案:the causes

题目详解:该段的第一、二句“大约有200多种病毒会引起感冒。一次感冒往往可能会找到两种或更多种病毒”，指出病毒是感冒的起因。随后提到感冒病毒的传播过程，感冒的流行期等，最后还分析了引起感冒的主要原因。可见，该段主要讲的是感冒的起因，因此答案为“the causes”。该段中并未提到感冒的定义，由此可排除“the definition”。虽然本段中也提到了“incubation”和“spreading\，但只是论述感冒起因时所涉及到的问题而已，所以选项“the incubation”和“the spreading”也不正确。

3. It seems that the person ______ is most likely to catch cold. A . having a mild fever for a few days

B . carrying viruses capable of producing colds C . spending most of his time indoors D . spending most of his time outdoors

正确答案:spending most of his time indoors

题目详解:定位于第二段最后一句话“感冒发生的原因是不清楚的，感冒的主要原因可能不是因为严寒的天气而是由于大部分时间呆在室内引起的，是因为增加了与携带感冒病毒的人紧密接触”，可知答案为“spending most of his time indoors”。而其它三个选项与上下文意思不符，不是答案。

4. The underlined word \A . regress B . repeat C . refresh D . retreat

正确答案:repeat

题目详解:定位于第四段第一句，根据语法结构，此处所填的词应是个不及物动词，因此排除选项“refresh”。选项regress意为“倒退、退化”；retreat意为“撤退、退却”，不符合上下文的意思，所以排除这两项，因此答案为“repeat”。

5. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A . The application of antibiotics is the only effective means in the treatment of common cold.

B . Common cold is the first warning of bronchitis.

C . Radical surgery is never needed in the treatment of common cold. D . Tuberculosis is believed to have developed from common cold.

正确答案:Radical surgery is never needed in the treatment of common cold.

题目详解:文章第四段最后一句提到“可能把其他症状大体相同的更严重的疾病错当成感冒，这样的疾病有；肺结核、支气管炎、肺脓肿以及心肌炎”，因此可知“Common cold is the first warning of bronchitis. (普通感冒是支气管炎的最早征兆)”和 “Tuberculosis is believed to have developed from common cold. (人们认为肺结核是感冒演变来的)”不正确。文章最后一句提到，偶尔使用抗生素预防继发性感染，由此可知“The application of antibiotics is the only effective means in the treatment of common cold. (广使用抗生素是治疗感冒的唯一有效手段)”不正确。由最后一段“多数感冒，治疗在于减轻症状，再加上休息和多喝水”可知答案为“Radical surgery is never needed in the treatment of common cold. (治疗感冒无需进行大手术)”。

Can computers reason? Reasoning requires the individual to take a given set of facts and draw correct conclusions. Unfortunately, errors frequently occur, and we are not talking about simple carelessness as occurs when two numbers are incorrectly added, nor do we mean errors resulting from simple forgetfulness. Rather, we have in mind errors of a logic nature --those resulting from faulty reasoning. Now, or at least soon, computers will be capable of error-free logical reasoning in a variety of areas. The key to avoiding errors is to use a computer program that relies on the last two decades' research in the field of automated theorem proving. AURA (Automated Reasoning Assistant) is the program that best exemplifies this use of the computer. AURA solves a problem by drawing conclusions from a given set of facts about the problem. Program does not learn, nor is it self-analytical, but it reaches logical conclusions flawlessly. It used various types of reasoning and, more important, has access to very powerful and sophisticated logical strategies. AURA seldom relies on brute force to find solutions. Instead it solves almost all problems by using sophisticated techniques to find a contradiction. One generally starts with a set of assumptions and adds a statement that the goal is unreachable. For example, if the problem is to test a safety system that automatically shuts down a nuclear reactor when instruments indicate a problem, AURA is told that the system will not shut the reactor

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