高考英语总复习资料重点讲解：英语词汇380题详解(7)

235. So far as he could, John had always tried to _____ the example he saw in Lincoln. A. live up to B. set forth C. call for D. cut out [答案]A. live up to.

[注释]live up to不辜负，作到；参阅Ⅲ，102注释, set forth阐明，提出，列举；参阅Ⅲ，154注释, cut out删去；参阅Ⅲ，38注释, call for需要，要求；参阅Ⅲ，26注释。

本题译文：只要约翰能够，他总是努力做到他在林肯身上所看到的榜样。 236. It would be _____ a risk to let the child go to school by himself. A. following B. passing C. running D. carrying [答案]C. running.

[注释]run(take) a risk 冒风险：You are running a big risk in trusting him.(你信任他是冒极大的风险。) by oneself(=alone)单独，独立地。

237. Children who are over-protected by their parents may become _____. A. hurt B. spoiled C. damaged D. harmed [答案]B. spoiled.

[注释]spoil(=make a child selfish from having too much attention or praise)宠坏，惯坏；Spare the rod, spoil the child.(省下了棍子，惯坏了孩子。)这是英国谚语，意为“棒头上出孝子”。

238. Paper making began in China and from there it _____ to North Africa and Europe. A. sprang B. spilled C. carried D. spread [答案]D. spread.

[注释]spread vt./vi. 此处意指“传播”，如：1)The news spread quickly. 2)Files spread disease.(苍蝇传播疾病。)carry是及物动词，意为把某人从一处带到他处，故也有“传送”的含义，如：He carried the news to everyone in the village. 当carry vt. 在本句中与句子的语法结构不符。Carry作vi.用时，指“（发射物、声音等）能射到，能传到”，如：His voice carries far. (他的声音能传得很远。)

239. When the entire class worked together they finished the project _____. A. in no way B. in no time C. on no account D. in no case [答案]B. in no time.

[注释]in no time (=in a very little time, soon, quickly)立即，马上：The bus filled with students in no time. (这辆公共汽车很快就被学生挤满了。)

240. The _____ of his clothes indicated too clearly that he had been playing football. A. state B. condition C. occasion D. situation [答案]A. state.

[注释]state n. 状况，状态。例如：She is in a poor state of health. Situation处境，形势，局面，情况，工作：He was in a hopeless situation. condition 情况（多用复数）： Economic conditions were bad. occasion 场合，时机。 241. Circus tigers, although they have been tamed, can _____ attack their trainer. A. unexpectedly B. deliberately C. reluctantly D. subsequently [答案]A. unexpectedly.

[注释]unexpectedly 出乎意料地。例如：He unexpectedly failed to get the job.(他出乎意料没有得到这件工作。)又如：We met each other unexpectedly. (我们不期而遇。)deliberately故意地：I believe the house was deliberately set fire to.(我相信这房子是有人故意放火烧的。)reluctantly 不情愿地，勉强地：She agreed, very reluctantly, to help. (她十分买鸟枪地同意帮忙。) subsequently后来，随后：He escaped from prison but was subsequently recaptured. (他越狱逃跑了，但后来又被抓回来。)

本题译文：马戏团地老虎虽然已被驯服，但也会出乎意料地袭击驯兽师。

242. Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which _____ increase the risk of heart disease.

A. in turn B. in return C. by chance D. by turns [答案]A. in turn。

[注释]in turn (插入语)转而，依次，而又：We need revision of estimated sales and this, in turn , will mean revision in production schedule. (我们必须修改预计销量，而这反过来又意为这修订生产计划。)in return 作为报答: I wish I could do something for you in return. (我要是能为你做点事作为报案就好了。)I gave him a present but he gave me nothing in return.（我送给他一份礼物，可他却什么也不给我作为答谢。）by chance (=by accident)偶然地；无意中：I meet him by chance on Fifth Avenue.(我偶然在第5大街上遇到他。)by turns 轮流地，依次：There were twelve of us in the boat and we rowed by turns.(船上有12人，我们轮流划船。)

本题译文：紧张的环境会导致诸如不良的饮食习惯等不健康行为，而后者又会增加患心脏病的危险。 243. The patients believe that the doctor knows exactly how to put them _____. A. correct B. perfect C. right D. well [答案]C. right。

[注释]put sth. /sb. right 纠正；治好，使恢复健康：Since man has done so much damage, it is up to man to put the matters right. (既然人类已造成了如此巨大的损害，人类又哲人纠正这种状况。)又如：This medicine will soon put you right. (这药很快会使你恢复健康。)其他3个选择均不能与put 构成习语，故不能入选。 本题译文：病人相信医生清楚地知道怎样治好他的病。

244. They decided to leave the waiter a big _____ because the food and service had been excellent. A. note B. reward C. tip D. gift [答案]C. tip。

[注释]tip 本题中意为“小费”。

245. And you find that you're not to be _____ with a position of real responsibility. A. offered B. trusted C. furnished D. retained [答案]B. trusted。

[注释]trust sb. with sth. 把某事托付给某人：I can't trust him with my car.(我不能把我的车托付给他。)本题译文：你认为不会把真正有责任的工作托付给你。

246. There was a good _____ of the countryside from the front of the bus. A. sight B. view C. scene D. scenery [答案]B. view。

[注释]view在本句中意指“看，眺望”，如：It is a large room with a view of the doctor's well-kept garden. (这是一间大房间，从房间里能看到医生精心管理的花园。)本题译文：坐在汽车的前排座位可以清楚地看到乡间的景色。 247. In aerospace devices the weight of the necessary power producing equipment is _____. A. vital B. possible C. capable D. reliable [答案]A. vital。

[注释]vital 极其重要的。本题译文：在航空航天装置中必要的动力设备的重量问题是至关紧要的。 248. This album is _____ as it was the only one ever signed by the President. A. unusual B. unique C. rare D. special [答案]B. unique。

[注释]unique(某一类中)独一无二的。如选unusual(不寻常的，独特的)，虽然也说得过去，但毫无疑问，unique是最佳选择，因为它的后面the only one相呼应。Special专门的，专用的，例如；They went to London on a special train.[他们搭一班专车（或加班车）去伦敦。]rare稀有的，罕见的，如：rare metals(稀有的金属)。Singular单数的。 249. Trains stop here in order to _____ passengers only. A. get off B. pick up C. pull up D. pull in

[答案]B. pick up

[注释]pick up passages(接运旅客上车。)

pull in(火车)进站；（船）靠岸；pull up停车；get off下车。 250. He _____ the place where he had been bitten by an insect. A. snatched B. scratched C. squeezed D. stretched [答案]B. scratched.

[注释]scratch抓，搔。此外，有一常用习语：scratch one's head over sth.对某事迷惑不解，搔头皮。Snatch掠夺；stretch拉长，延伸，撑大；squeeze压榨，挤。

251. It is not profitable to provide bus services in districts where the population is widely _____. A. scattered B. dismissed C. separated D. spread [答案]A. scattered.

[注释]scattered是scatter的过去分词，也可作形容词用，（=lying in different directions; not situated together, wide apart）分散的，散布在各处的。Separate分开的，spread传播；摊开，dismiss解雇。 252. There are usually at least two _____ of looking at every question. A. ways B. directions C. views D. opinions [答案]A. ways.

[注释]two ways of looking at every questions意指“观察每个问题的两个方面”。 253. He left in such a hurry that I _____ had time to thank him. A. almost B. even C. nearly D. scarcely [答案]D. scarcely.

[注释]scarcely(=hardly, not quite, almost not)几乎没有。Scarcely是否定副词，类似的有：hardly, barely, rarely, seldom, little等。研究生入学考试中经常测试这类否定副词的用法。

254. As more and more cars are produced and used, so the _____ from their exhaust-pipes contains an even larger volume of poisonous gas.

A. exposure B. distribution C. expansion D. emission [答案]D. emission.

[注释]emission散发物，发射。exposure(to)暴露于：They believe that their health problems are the result of years of exposure to fine cotton dust.(他们认为，他们的健康问题是多年来暴露于棉花粉尘所致。)expansion膨胀，扩大；Heat causes the expansion of gas.本题译文：正如汽车的生产和使用越来越多一样，汽车的排气管的散发物内所含的有毒气体量也在增加。

255. The book seems to have been _____ from various books and articles. A. pieced together B. taken off C. broken away D. pulled out [答案]A. pieced together.

[注释]piece together拼合，拼凑；take off起飞；break away from脱离；pull out拔出；驶出；（车）减速。 256. We had a marvelous holiday: only the last two days were slightly _____ by the weather. A. damaged B. hurt C. ruined D. spoiled [答案]D. spoiled.

[注释]spoiled使......扫兴: A shower of rain spoiled our day's outing. 257. I could tell he was surprised from the _____ on his face. A. appearance B. view C. sight D. expression [答案]D. expression.

[注释]expression此处意指“表情”。Appearance表示人的“仪表，外表”。

258. I'd like to take _____ of this opportunity to thank you all for your cooperation.

A. profit B. benefit C. advantage D. interests [答案]C. advantage.

[注释]take advantage of(=make use of sth. for one's own benefit)利用：take advantage of my ignorance(利用我的无知)。

259. If you ever have the _____ to go abroad to work, you should take it. A. possibility B. offer C. luck D. chance [答案]D. chance.

[注释]chance(偶然的)机会。Have与the(或 a) possibility不能搭配；常用There is a possibility for sb. to do sth.表示客观存在的“可能性”。

260. Scientists think they have _____ in their attempt to find the causes of some major dieases. A. broken through B. worked out C. fallen out D. got round [答案]A. broken through.

[注释]break through(=be successful after overcoming a difficulty)突破；取得重大成果：Scientists hope to break through soon in their fight against heart disease.(科学家希望在与心脏病斗争中很快取得重大成果。) 本题译文：科学家认为他们在探索某些重要疾病的病因中已取得重大突破。 261. His test results are not very _____. He does well one week and badly the next. A. invariable B. consequent C. continuous D. consistent [答案]D. consistent.

[注释]consistent 1)始终如一，前后一致：He is not consistent in his statements.(他的话并不前后一致。) 2)与......一致：The story is not consistent with the facts. What you say is not consistent with what you do. 262. The new safety regulations were agreed on after _____ with the work-force. A. conference B. participation C. intervention D. consultation [答案]D. consultation.

[注释]consultation商议：hold a consultation with sb. about sth.（与某人商谈某事）。 conference讨论会；participation参加，参与；intervention干预，干涉。 263. The room was so quiet that she could hear the _____ of her heart. A. hitting B. beating C. tapping D. knocking [答案]B. beating.

[注释]beating 此处是动名词，指“（心）跳”：Her heart was beating furiously.

264. During World War II Malta managed to _____ most of Italian and German bombers by throwing up an effective anti-aircraft screen.

A. put out B. shut out C. come across D. get across [答案]B. shut out.

[注释]shut out(=prevent from coming in; block)排除，排斥：They shut out our dust by having double windows.(他们用双层窗户防尘。)

put out扑灭；get across越过；使人了解；come across偶然遇到。

本题译文：第二次世界大战中，马耳他建立了有效的防空屏障以防止意大利和德国的轰炸机侵入。 265. I think we should let Maria go camping with her boyfriend. _____, she's a big girl now. A. Above all B. After all C. First of all D. For all [答案]B. After all. [注释]after all毕竟。

“for all + 名词”意为“尽管”: For all his wealth, he was unhappy.(尽管他富有，但他并不幸福。)

266. Jim's close _____ to his brother made people mistake them for one another. A. confusion B. similarity C. resemblanceD. imitation [答案]C. resemblance.

[注释]resemblance n. 像（to）。 resemble(vt.)像; She resembles her mother.(=She takes after her mother.) imitation模仿；仿效；confusion混乱，混淆；similarity相似性。

267. It has been decided that this company has the _____ right to print Mr. Smith's novels. A.eventual B.versatile C.extensive D.exclusive [答案]D. exclusive.

[注释]exclusive(=reserved to the person(s) concerned)独有的；This bathroom is for the president's exclusive use. eventual最终的；versatile通用的，万用的；extensive广泛的。

268. He has recently _____ chess to provide himself with some relaxation. A. taken on B. taken up C. held on D. held up [答案]B. taken up.

[注释]take up开始从事。take on参阅Ⅲ，162,171注释。hold on, hold up参阅Ⅲ，162,171注释。 269. What a terrible experience! _____ , you are safe, that's the main thing. A. Somehow B. Anyhow C. Somewhat D. Anywhere [答案]B. Anyhow.

[注释]anyhow(at= any rate; in any case)无论如何，不管怎样。

270. John always tries to _____ people who are useful to him professionally. A. develop B. provoke C. correspond D. cultivate [答案]D. cultivate.

[注释]cultivate sb.结识（有地位的人），培养与......的友谊：He always tries to cultivate rich and famous people.(他总是极力结识有钱的知名人士。)

本题译文：约翰总是力图结识在职业方面对他有用的人。

271. Although he hasn't any formal qualifications, Betas _____ to do well for himself. A. managed B. succeeded C. arranged D. convinced [答案]a. managed.

[注释]manage to do sth.(=succeed in doing sth.)设法做成某事：1)He managed to escape to South America.(他设法逃到了南美。) 2)We managed to get what we wanted, anyhow.(我们反正设法得到了需要的东西。) 3)Do you suppose you can manage to get me a passport?(你能设法给我弄到一份护照吗？)

本题译文：虽然他没有正式的资力，但他收入很多。Do well for oneself吃香，收入多，改善自己的社会地位。 272. The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to _____ rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways to deal with its own problems. A. set up B. put down C. keep up D. lay down [答案]D. lay down.

[注释]lay down制定。参阅Ⅲ，97注释。

273. After a short holiday, he _____ himself once more to his studies. A. applied B. converted C. engaged D. exerted [答案]A. applied.

[注释]apply oneself to“致力于”。Apply one's mind to(专心于)。Apply to sb. for aid(向某人求援)。Apply a theory to practice(把理论应用于实践)。

274. She felt _____ of having asked such a silly question when the audience couldn't help laughing. A. guilty B. crazy C. miserable D. ashamed [答案]D. ashamed.

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