The Delicate Art of the Forest 讲解(4)

III. Ideas (the best topic/title)

IV. Organization (topic sentence, supporting details, controlling ideas) V. Style (ad, public speaking, lecture, news report, legal document, etc.) VI. Tones (angry, complaint, ironic, sober, playful, humorous, etc.) VII. Attitude of the writer

VIII. Points of view (expert, housewife, children, etc.) IX. Purpose (to inform, instruct, entertain, persuade, argue, etc.)

Underline the keywords 要想读得快，必须划关键词。

Keywords are the words that carry new information.

How to Underline the Keywords Two methods:

1. Only read the subject, verb and object of the main clause. If they make sense, go on to the next sentence, dropping all the rest in the main clause and all the subordinate parts.

2. Just pick up the words important to you, or important to the subject or purpose, and then reorganize in your own way, caring nothing about grammar.

The following article is very difficult, if you don't use the method of underlining the keywords. Now let's read it.

The speaker made the point that although there were many good reasons in favour of equality for women in all spheres , and particularly perhaps in the sphere of political activity where they needed a voice and above all needed to be able to influence others on their behalf, there were reasons against this as matters stood at the present time. He was asked whether any matters, regardless of how far they seemed to be in the interests of government and leaving aside the question of the popularity or otherwise of the move, could be more important than the liberty of a large section of the population of what was a so-called \had repeated before that the moral issue was a clear one; however, emotional appeals and the use of words like \avoided the most practical aspect of the affair. No government in its senses, however enlightened its leader, however large its majority, however secure in the favour of the people was going to be able to introduce a motion such as \controversy flaring up. How much less were they going to be able to introduce it with a government on the brink of falling, the nation on the edge of war and the country radically opposed to any move which would seem to the electorate to threaten the long established traditions of the British way of life.

Let's underline the keywords.

The speaker made the point that although there were many good reasons in favour of equality for women in all spheres , and particularly perhaps in the sphere of political activity where they needed a voice, and above all needed to be able to influence others on their behalf, there were reasons against this as matters stood at the present time. He was asked whether any matters, regardless of how far they seemed to be in the interests of government and leaving aside the question of the popularity or otherwise of the move, could be more important than the liberty of a large section of the population of what was a so-called \He replied that he had repeated before that the moral issue was a clear one; however, emotional appeals and the use of words like \\ of the affair. No

government in its senses, however enlightened its leader, however large its majority, however secure in the favour of the people was going to be able to introduce a motion such as \considerable controversy flaring up. How much less were they going to be able to introduce it with a government on the brink of falling, the nation on the edge of war and the country radically opposed to any move which would seem to the electorate to threaten the long established traditions of the British way of life.

It becomes much easier if we only read the keywords.

Although there were many good reasons in favour of equality for women in political activity where they needed a voice, and needed to be able to influence others, there were reasons against this. He was asked whether any matters could be more important than the women's liberty. He replied that the moral issue was a clear one; \most practical aspect (内心的那杆称就是一个；说说还可以，防碍到既得利益是不会干的). No government was able to introduce \Women\able to introduce it with a government on the brink of falling, the nation on the edge of war, and the long established traditions threatened.

本课必须掌握：

一、作文三要素：Unity, coherence （五种方法）, and variety （短句，圆周句）。

二、阅读要能理解九个问题：作者，读者，内容，结构，写作角度，文章口吻，作者态度，写作特点，宗旨等。

三、读关键词的方法：只读主句的主语，动词，宾语。意思清楚了就往下读。如果意思不清楚，比如 he said that + 宾语从句，或者 it is he that 之类强调句，则适当调整。

四、翻译要达意，要读懂吃透后再译，不要一字一句死译。

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