超弦理论与量子力学 - 卢杲(7)

子级、原子级、粒子级、引力子级、奇子级这六级程序（图56），先从最从原子、分子层面上看，生物体就是一堆原子和分子的聚合，为什么它的运行是如此的有序？由原子、分子构成的生物体为什么具有无穷的变化？它的内在机理是什么？这就是生物级程序。

一、生物级程序

生物基因很明显是一种非常复杂的程序（参见表2，3，4，图57，58），它非常精细地控制着生物体的生老病死，生物基因程序就是生物级程序中的总程序。笔者认为生物级程序是生物基因程序与分子级、原子级、粒子级、引力子级、奇子级程序协同运行的产物。先从“生物级程序”讲起。

表3、表4是霍乱弧菌全基因组中各类基因在染色体上的定位、起止点、编码产物的长度、基因编号和编码产物的名称列表，但限于篇幅，这里未予一一列出，读者可通过因特网到国际蛋白、核酸数据库中检索。

图57、图58是肾综合征出血热疫苗候选毒株A16的部分基因程序编码。

表2 遗传密码

第一个位置 （5′端） U

第二个位置 U Phe UUU Phe UUC Leu UUA Leu UUG

C

Leu CUU Leu CUC Leu CUA Leu CUG

A

Ile AUU Ile AUC Ile AUA Met AUG

G

Val GUU Val GUC Val GUA Val GUG

C Ser UCU Ser UCC Ser UCA Ser UCG Pro CCU Pro CCC Pro CCA Pro CCG Thr ACU Thr ACC Thr ACA Thr ACG Ala GCU Ala GCC Ala GCA Ala GCG

A Tyr UAU Tyr UAC Stop UAA Stop UAG His CAU His CAC Gln CAA Gln CAG Asn AAU Asn AAC Lys AAA Lys AAG Asp GAU Asp GAC Glu GAA Glu GAG

G Cys UGU Cys UGC Stop UGA Trp UGG Arg CGU Arg CGC Arg CGA Arg CGG Ser AGU Ser AGC Arg AGA Arg AGG Gly GGU Gly GGC Gly GGA GlyGGG

第三个位置 （3′端）

U C A G U C A G U C A G U C A G

表3 与翻译、核糖体结构和合成有关的基因（染色体I）

Location 4123..4479 4492..4629 Strand Length -- 119 46 Gene Product VC0006 VC0007 ribonuclease P protein component ribosomal protein L34 16869..18935 18950..19942 41998..43302 43334..44281 44299..44808 50104..50670 143863..144972 217531..218304 226229..226465 226479..226646 301317..302204 335326..336510 337809..338237 338242..338943 339213..339701 339768..340133 369030..369977 378505..378879 378995..379465 379541..381637 381760..382944 384193..384561 384887..385114 385148..385597 445206..446675 466449..466760 466781..467041 471723..472571 494454..495758 Location - - - - - + - + + + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + 689 331 435 316 170 189 370 258 79 56 296 395 143 234 163 122 316 125 157 699 395 123 76 150 490 104 87 283 435 VC0020 VC0021 VC0044 VC0045 VC0046 VC0054 VC0154 VC0210 VC0218 VC0219 VC0293 VC0321 VC0324 VC0325 VC0326 VC0327 VC0346 VC0359 VC0360 VC0361 VC0362 VC0366 VC0368 VC0369 VC0419 VC0435 VC0436 VC0443 VC0465 glycyl-tRNA synthetase,beta chain glycyl-tRNA synthetase,alpha chain sun protein methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase Polypeptide deformylase Sua5/YciO/YrdC family protein tRNA(uracil-5-)-methyltransferase ribonuclease PH ribosomal protein L28 ribosomal protein L33 ribosomal protein L11 methyltransferae elongation factor Tu ribosomal protein L11 ribodomal proteinL1 ribosomal protein L10 ribosomal protein L7/L12 tRNA dekta(2)-isopentenylpyrophosphate transferase ribosomal protein S12 ribosomal protein S7 elongation factor G elongation factor TU ribosomal protein S6 ribosomal protein S18 ribosomal protein L9 cytoplasmic axial filament protein ribosomal protein L21 ribosomal protein L27 dimethyladenosine transferase tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 表4 与转录有关的基因（染色体1） Strand Length - - - + + - - - - + + - - + 328 154 210 287 214 299 199 271 211 327 134 333 99 420 Gene Product VC0068 VC0071 VC0092 VC0150 VC0152 VC0161 VC0166 VC0192 VC0214 VC0270 VC0277 VC0289 VC0290 VC0307 transcriptional regulator, LysR family transcriptional regulator AsnC LexA repressor RNA polymerase sigma-32 factor transcriptional regulator, TetR family transcriptional activator, IlvY transcriptional regulator, TetR family transcriptional regulator, AraC/Xy1S family transcriptional regulator, TetR family ROK family protein transcriptional regulator, MerR family gluconate utilization system gnt-I transcriptional repressor 299889..300185 318296..319555 factor-for-inversion stimulation protein transcription termination factor Rho 68250..69233 70975..71436 90013..90642 140004..140864 142774..143415 156407..157303 163666..164262 197873..198685 221338..221970 275674..276654 282765..283166 298752..299750

二、分子级程序

分子级程序是指各种原子、分子之间所能产生的所有化学反应。例如：

3H?NNH3

2H?O4H?CC?NC?OC?2OH2O CH4 CN CO CO2

?H?2?H2?H3?H

???C?H3?CH??CH?2?CH3?CH5 ?O?H3?OH??H2O? ?S?H3?SH??H2

??N??NH??NH?2?NH3?NH4H3CO??e?H2CO?H

??CH3?H2?CH5?h? ?CH3?O?HCO?H2

?CH5?O?H3CO??H

?CH3?HCN?CH3CNH??h? ?CH3?H2O?CH3OH?2?h? ?CH3?CO?CH3CO??h?

He??CO?C??O?He

?C??CH4?C2H3?H?C2H?2?H2

C??C2H2?C3H??H

??C2H?2?C2H2?C4H3?H?C4H2?H2

4Li?O2?2Li2O 2M?O2?2MO M2O?H2O?2MOH MO?H2O?M?OH?2

Na2O2?2Na?2Na2O H2CrO4HCrO?4H??HCrO?4

?H??CrO24

2KNO3?10K?6K2O?N2

2?CO3?2H??CO2??H2O 2?SO3?2H??SO2??H2O

Hg?X2?HgX2

HgO?2HX?HgX2?H2O Hg2??2I??HgI2?(橘红色) MnO2?2CO?Mn?2CO2

?3Mn3O4?8Al?9Mn?4Al2O3

HgS?Fe?Hg?FeS HgS?O2?Hg?SO2

4HgS?4CaO?4Hg?3CaS?CaSO4 2Fe3??H2S?2Fe2??S??2H? 2Fe3??2I??2Fe2??I2

?2Fe3??Sn2??2Fe2??Sn4? Na2S?H2ONaHS?NaOH

2CaS?2H2OAl2S3?6H2OCa?OH?2?Ca?HS?2 2Al?OH?3??3H2S?

PbS?4O3?PbSO4?4O2? 2Ag?2O3?Ag2O2?2O2?

2KI?O3?H2O?2KOH?I2?O2 H3AsO4?H2S?H3AsO3S?H2O H3AsO3S?H3AsO3?S?

2H3AsO3?2H2S?As2S3??6H2O

2Eu2??2H??2Eu3??H2 4Eu2??4H??O2?4Eu3??2H2O Bi3??Cl??H2OSb3??Cl??H2OBiOCl??2H? SbOCl?2H?

3XeF4?6H2OXeF6?3H2O2XeO3?2Xe?XeO3?6HF

3O2?12HF 2??HgS22?2HAc?HgS??2Ac?H2S ??2AsS33?6HAc?As2S3??3H2S??6Ac ??2SbS33?6HAc?Sb2S3??3H2S??6Ac 2?SnS3?6HAc?SnS2??H2S??2Ac?

3As?5HNO3?2H2O?3H3AsO4?5NO? 3As2O3?4HNO3?7H2O?6H3AsO4?4NO?

2H3AsO4443k?AsO23?3H2O

3Sb?5HNO3?8H2O?3H?Sb?OH?6??5NO?

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