2012年中考英语语法难点汇总(2)

take off(脱，起飞) 和 take out(拿出) II. 例题

例1. It is wise to have some money ____ for old age. A put away B kept up C given away D laid up

解析：该题正确 put away “储存”；give away 意为\分发\；lay up\贮藏\。 例2. Here's my card. Let's keep in ____.

A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship

解析：该题正确答案为A. keep in touch为短语动词，意为\保持联系\。 例3. ____! There's a train coming.

A Look out B Look around C Look forward D Look on 解析：该题选A. look out 意为\小心\。

动词不定式 I. 要点

1、 不定式的形式。以动词 write 为例。 式｜语态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 to write to be written

完成式 to have written to have been written 进行式 to be writing

完成进行式 to have been writing 2、 不定式的句法功能 (1) 作主语

To hear from you is nice.

To be a good teacher is not easy.

不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主语，而不定式置于谓语动词后。如：It's nice to hear from you. It's not easy to be a good teacher. (2) 作宾语

通常用于 want, hope, wish, like, need, hate, begin, start, remember, agree, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help 等词后。如：I forgot to lock the door. Please remember to write to me. (3) 作表语

My job is to pick up letters.

He seemed to have heard nothing. (4) 作定语

不定式作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。如： I have two letters to write. I have a lot of work to do. (5) 作宾补

通常用于 want, wish, ask, order, tell, know, help, advise, allow, cause, force 等词后。如：

He ordered her to leave at once. He was forced to obey his order. (6) 作状语

He got up early to catch the first bus.

He worked hard to catch up with the other students. (7) 作独立成分

To tell you the truth, I told a lie. (8)\疑问词＋不定式\结构。 如： I don't know how to choose them. I cannot decide where to go. (9) 不定式的否定式。如： I decided not to go.

(10) 不定式的完成式。如：

He seemed to have cleaned the room before I came in. The boy is said to have been sent to the hospital last week. (11) too … to 结构。如：

He was too excited to go to sleep.

He was only too glad to go. (他太高兴了，乐意去。) (12) 主动表被动。如： The book is easy to read. I have a book to read. II. 例题

例1. I haven't got a chair ____.

A. to sit B. for to sit on C. to sit on D. for sitting

解析：该题选C。不定式 to sit on 在句中作定语，修饰名词 chair. 因为不定式和它所修饰的名词间是\动宾关系\，所以不定式必须是及物动词，故此处 on 不能省略。

例2. He was made ____. A. go B. gone C. going D. to go

解析：该题选D。make sb. do sth. 如果是被动形式，不定式 do 前的 to 不能省略。

例3. A new factory is ____ very soon.

A. to be built B. built C. to build D. to building 解析：该题选A。is to be built 意为\将要被建。 相关练习题

1. -Have you got some water to drink?

-Here you are. There___ still some in the bottle. A. are B. were C. is D. was

2. _____ there many American friends in the school last Friday? A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were

3. There ____ a great many accidents last year. A. were B. are C. is D. was

4. -How many children ____ in the picture? -Three.

A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there

5. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A___ covered by forests. A. were B. has been C. / D. was

6. Most of our earth____ covered by water.

A. are B. is C. was D. were

7. Sunday ____ the first day of the week. A. is B. are C. am D. be 8. Neither ___ right.

A. answers are B. answers aren't C. answer is D. answer isn't 9. The population of the world ____ still ____ now. A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown

10. There ____ many people running in the park every morning. A. is B. were C. are D. have

11. These police often ___ the children across the street. A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helping 12. ___ going to England by air next week.

A. The Green family are B. The Greens family are C. The Green's family are D. Green family are

13. The whole family ____ enjoying the beautiful music now. A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all 14. Our class ___ big.

A. is B. are C. were D. will

15. Neither he nor I ____ from Canada. We are from Australia. A. is B. are C. am D. be

16. Either you or he ____ right. A. are B. is C. does D. were

17. Neither Mary nor her brother____ good at singing. A. is B. are C. is not D. are not

18. Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary ____ busy. A. is B. was C. are D. has

19. Physics ___ interesting to us. A. are B. has C. is D. were

20 The news____ exciting. We got excited at it. A. is B. was C. were D. are

21. Though mathematics____ hard, we all work at it hard. A. are B. were C. was D. is 参考答案：

1. C 2. D 3. A 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.C 18.C 19.C 20.B 21.D

16.B 17.A

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