语言学选择题

语言学

1.__A__ is the study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation. A. Phonology B. Lexicography C. Lexicology D. Morphology

2. __C__ is defined as the scientific study of language, studying language in general. A. Psycholinguistics B. Neurolinguistics C. Linguistics D. Phonetics

3. Which of the linguistic items listed below is best described as the smallest unit of meaning? B A. the word B. the morpheme C. the phoneme D. the clause 4. A prefix is an affix which appears __B__. A. after the stem B. before the stem C. in the middle of the stem D. below the stem 5. Which of the following is true? __C__ A. Phonetics is the study of pronunciation. B. Phonetics is the scientific study of the movement of sound waves.

C. Phonetics is the scientific study of the sounds of language. D. Phonetics is the scientific study of the organs of speech. 6. ―What‘s in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet

So Romeo would, were he not Romeo called,‖ (Romeo and Juliet, Act 2, Scene 2, 43~5)

To what characteristic of language dose Shakespeare refer? __D__ A. Creativity B. Productivity C. Duality D. Arbitrariness

7. Language, as a system, consists of two sets of structures or two levels, which is known as __A__, one of a design features of human language. A. Duality B. Displacement C. Productivity D. Arbitrariness

8. The different members of a phoneme, sounds which are phonetically different but do not make one word different from another in meaning, are __D__. A. phonemes B. phones C. sounds D. allophones 9. What is complementary distribution? __A__ A. Different places of occurrence of allophones within a word. B. When a phone can only occur at the end of a word.

C. When an allophone occurs at the beginning of a word. D. Contrastive distribution of allophones

10. __D__ deals with the analysis and creation of words, idioms and collocations. A. Morpheme B. Vocabulary C. Root D. Lexicon

1. Cold and hot are called __B__ antonyms. A. complementary B. gradable C. reversal D. converse 2. ―I regret that I can‘t help you.‖ This is an example of __C__. A. representatives B. directives C. expressives D. commissives 3. What is the duality of the language? __D__

A. Letters and sounds B. Sounds and symbols C. Symbols and meaning D. sounds and meaning 4. ―I bought some roses‖ __A__ ―I bought some flowers‖. A. entails B. presupposes C. is inconsistent with D. is synonymous with 5. Of the following linguists, __C__ should be grouped into Prague School. A. Bloomfield B. Saussure C. Jakobson D. Firth

6. Which of the following distinctive features can be used to separate [k] and [g]? (C) A. alveolar B. stop C. voiced D. fricatives

7. __A__ A Dictionary of the English Language established a uniform standard for the spelling and word use.

A. Samuel Johnson‘s B. Bishop Lowth‘s C. Firth‘s D. Samuel John‘s 8. What is phonology? __B__ A. The study of how speech sounds are made, transmitted and received B. The study of the function, behavior and organization of speech sounds as

linguistic items.

C. The study of the International Phonetic Alphabet. D. The study of all possible speech sounds.

9. The morpheme ―cast‖ in the common word ―telecast‖ is a (n) __D__. A. bound morpheme B. bound form C. inflectional morpheme D. free morpheme 10. A phoneme is __D__. A. a set of different realization of a phone B. a set of contrastive allophones in free variation

C. a set of phones in complementary distribution D. a set of phonetically similar noncontrastive phones

1. ?present‘ and ?absent‘ are a pair of ________ opposites. (C) A. gradable B. relational C. complementary D. converse 2. What is defined as ―the study of sentence structure‖? __D__ A. Morphology B. Semantics C. Phonology D. Syntax

3. According to Krashen, __D__ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative

situations.

A. learning B. competence C. performance D. acquisition

4. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix ―ed‖ in the word ―learned‖ is known as a(n) __C__. A. derivational morpheme B. free morpheme C. inflectional morpheme D. free form

5. __C__ studies the total stock of morphemes of a language, especially those items which have clear semantic references.

A. Phonology B. Lexicology C. Morphology D. Lexicography

6. As a type of linguistic system in L2 learning, __A__ is a product of L2 training, mother tongue interference, overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the learner. A. interlanguage B. interference C. language transfer D. linguistic relativity

7. __A__ means the lack of a logical connection between the form of something and its expression in sounds.

A. Arbitrariness B. Abstractness C. Ambiguity D. Fuzziness

8. The term __B__ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.

A. synchronic B. diachronic

C. comparative D. historical comparative

9. When a speech sound changes and becomes more like another sound that follows or precedes it, it is said to be __D__. A. nasalized B. voiced C. aspirated D. assimilated 10. F. de Saussure is a (n) __C__ linguist. A. American B. British C. Swiss D. Russian

1. N. Chomsky is a (n) __A__ linguist. A. American B. Canada C. Swiss D. French

2. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis has two thrusts: __B__ and ____. A. Linguistic description, Linguistic determinism B. Linguistic determinism, Linguistic relativity

C. Linguistic relativity, Linguistic description D. Linguistic determinism, Linguistic performance

3. The way of forming a new word by joining together the initial part of the first word and the final part of the second word, or by only joining the initial parts of the two words is referred as _________. (C)

A. borrowing B. clipping C. blending D. acronym

4. By __B__, we refer to word forms which differ from each other only by one sound, e.g. ―pin‖ and ―bin‖.

A. complementally distribution B. minimal pair C. Adjacency pair D. code—switching 5. When two sounds never occur in the same environment they said to be in __A__. A. complementary distribution B. free variation C. co-occurrence D. minimal pair 6. __D__ century is considered to be the beginning of Modern English. A. 18th B. 17th C. 19th D. 16th 7. Conventionally a __B__ is put in slashes. A. allophone B. phoneme C. phone D. morpheme

8. Sapir-whorf hypothesis holds that all higher levels of thinking are dependent on

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