国内外混合动力汽车的发展现状及前景(本科毕业论文)

河南农业大学

本科生毕业论文（设计）

题 目 国内外混合动力汽车的发展现状及前景

学 院 专业班级

学生姓名 指导教师

撰写日期：2011年 5月 15 日

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摘 要

混合动力汽车作为纯电动汽车替换内燃机汽车的重要过渡产品，不仅在节油环保上的优势明显，而且其动力性和行驶里程也能和现在的内燃机汽车媲美，因而成为当今各大汽车公司研究开发的热点。国内外汽车制造业者普遍认为混合动力电动汽车是目前最具有开发和推广前景的新型交通工具之一。混合动力电动汽车将发动机、电动机、能量储存装置(蓄电池)组合在一起，它们之间的良好匹配和优化控制，可充分发挥内然机汽车和电动汽车的优点，避免各自的不足，是当今最具实际开发意义的低排放和低油耗汽车，所以开展混合动力电动汽车的研究具有非常重要的现实意义，并且混合动力汽车发展前景非常光明。本文阐述了目前混合动力汽车应用的基本型式及其特点，叙述了国外、国内在混合动力汽车方面的发展状况，对混合动力汽车的进行了展望，提出了发展混合动力汽车的建议。

关键词：混合动力汽车；研究现状；发展前景

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Research Status and Development Perspective

of Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Abstract

Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) ,as an important transitional product in the course of Electric Vehicles replacing Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles,has become the research focus of every great automobile manufacturer of the world,not only because it has obvious advantages on fuel economy,but also because its power and mileage can be compared favorably with those of conventional vehicles. Generally believed that domestic and foreign auto manufacturers of hybrid electric vehicles is the most promising new development and promotion of transport. The original motivation for hybrid electric vehicles, electric motors, energy storage devices (batteries) together, a good match between them and optimize the control unit can take advantage of the natural advantages of cars and electric vehicles, to avoid their shortcomings, is the The most significant practical development of low emissions and low fuel consumption car, hybrid electric vehicles to carry out the research has very important practical significance, and hybrid vehicles are very bright prospects.This article analyzes the basic types of HEV and their characters. The present condition of HEV in the home and outside and its trends are presented. The proposal to develop the HEV is given.

Key Words：Hybrid electric vehicle；Research status；Development prospect

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目录

1 引言 ................................................................................................................................... 1 2 混合动力汽车的诞生和分类 ........................................................................................... 1 2.1混合动力汽车的诞生 ..................................................................................................... 1 2.2混合动力汽车的分类 ..................................................................................................... 2 2.2.1串联式混合动力汽车（SHEV） ................................................................................ 2 2.2.2并联式混合动力电动汽车（PHEV） ........................................................................ 3 2.2.3混联式混合动力电动汽车（PSHEV） ...................................................................... 3 2.2.4外接充电式混合动力汽车（PHEV） ........................................................................ 4 3 国外混合动力汽车的发展现状 ....................................................................................... 4 3.1日本混合动力汽车市场发展现状 ................................................................................. 4 3.1.1政府的发展规划 .......................................................................................................... 4 3.1.2丰田混合动力汽车的发展历程 .................................................................................. 5 3.1.3成熟技术造就凯美瑞混合动力 .................................................................................. 6 3.2美国混合动力汽车市场发展现状 ................................................................................. 6 3.2.1政府的发展规划 .......................................................................................................... 6 3.2.2美国混合动力汽车的发展 .......................................................................................... 7 3.3其他国混合动力汽车市场发展现状 ............................................................................. 7 4 国内混合动力汽车的发展现状 ....................................................................................... 8 4.1国内混合动力汽车的现状 ............................................................................................. 8 4.2国内企业的混合动力汽车发展状况 ............................................................................. 9 4.2.1一汽集团 ...................................................................................................................... 9 4.2.2上汽集团 ...................................................................................................................... 9 4.2.3东风集团 .................................................................................................................... 10 4.2.4中国长安 .................................................................................................................... 10 4.2.5奇瑞汽车 .................................................................................................................... 10 4.2.6比亚迪汽车 ................................................................................................................ 10 4.3国内一些有代表性的混合动力汽车 ........................................................................... 11 4.3.1一汽 奔腾B70混合动力轿车 .................................................................................. 11 4.3.2上汽 荣威750混合动力轿车 .................................................................................. 11

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4.3.3东风 EQ7200HEV混合动力轿车 ............................................................................ 11 4.3.4中国长安 杰勋混合动力轿车 .................................................................................. 11 4.3.5奇瑞A5BSG ............................................................................................................... 11 4.3.6比亚迪 F6DM双模电动汽车 ................................................................................... 11 5 混合动力汽车优缺点分析 ............................................................................................. 12 5.1优点分析 ....................................................................................................................... 12 5.1.1排放性能良好 ............................................................................................................ 12 5.1.2动力性能佳 ................................................................................................................ 12 5.1.3耗油量低 .................................................................................................................... 12 5.1.4带动电池等其它产业发展 ........................................................................................ 12 5.2缺点分析 ....................................................................................................................... 13 5.2.1不能彻底解决环保问题 ............................................................................................ 13 5.2.2混合动力系统的生产成本比内燃发动机系统的成本更高 .................................... 13 5.2.3在高速公路上表现不佳 ............................................................................................ 13 6 混合动力电动汽车的发展前景 ..................................................................................... 13 6.1 技术应用和推广 .......................................................................................................... 13 6.2 目前需要攻关的难题 .................................................................................................. 13 7 结语 ................................................................................................................................. 14 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................. 15 致 谢 ................................................................................................................................... 16

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