Listen and interpret the following conversation alternatively into English and Chinese:
A: 罗伯茨先生，很高兴再次见到您。有什么需要我做的吗? I'm so happy to see you again , Mr. Roberts. May 1 help you in some way?
B: Hi , Miss Chen, it's been ten months since 1 left China. 1 would like to discuss with you the possibilities of establishing a joint venture with your company to manufacture cordless(无电线的)phones and mobile phones.
A: 好极了。您的投资意向是明智的。我公司也正在寻求外资，合办一家生产元绳电话和移动电话的制造公司，您的提议很好。罗伯茨先生，我还记得一年前曾同您讨论过有关外国在华投资的事情。That's great. Your investment proposal(提议;建议;求婚)is a very wise decision. Our company is also seeking foreign investment in a manufacturing company for cordless and mobile phones. Your initiative is most welcome. 1 remember talking to you about the matter of foreign investment in China a year ago, Mr.Roberts.
B: Yes, you did a good job. The whole idea of my investing in a joint enterprise with your company is the direct result of your wonderful lecture(演讲). Your answers were direct and honest. And your, explanations were sincere and persuasive.
May 1 get on China's economic express train and share your economic gains? 是的，那次你谈得很好。其结果是触发了我同贵公司合资办企业的念头。你的回答很坦率，你的解释很诚恳，很有说服力。现在我想搭乘中国经济快车，分享你们的经济成果，好吗? A: 当然可以。欢迎罗伯茨先生加入我们的行列!我们来讨论一下合资企业的事宜吧。您能告诉我您的设想吗? of course. Welcome aboard. Mr. Roberts! Let's get down to the business of, this joint venture. May 1 have some idea of your proposal?
B: 1 did a lot of research in the market of telecommunications(通讯)equipment lately. There's a potential market for cordless and mobile phones in China and elsewhere in the world. initially, 1 would like to embark(使着手)on this joint venture business at a moderate(有节制的;稳健的)rate. with a safe scale. My suggestion for the amount of total capital investment is in the vicinity of eight million US dollars, a lucky number in China, 1 suppose.
A. 很好。800 万岂止是个吉利数字，我认为这对启动这家合资企业来说是很合适的。那么您在合资中打算占多少投资比重呢? Very good. Eight million is more than a lucky number; it's the right number for the initiation of this joint venture, as I understand it. But how much would be your share of investment in this partnership?
B: My contribution is 50% of the total investment. including the construction funds and the cost of all the imported(进口) equipment, and the engineers，technicians and management staff from my home company.
A: 我对你这个5 : 5 对半开的合伙投资比例很满意。这就是说，我们在经营管理和利润分配上也保持一种5 : 5 对半开的权益关系。1 like the idea of a 50 to 50 investment partnership, in which case there will be a 50-to-50 distribution in business management and profit share. B: You're absolutely right.
A: 接下来的问题是产品的营销.无绳电话在中国有很大的需求盘，但是我们无法保证在国内推销50% 移动电话.此外，我们需要增加外汇储备，\天晴还需防雨天嘛'二我建议贵方负责向海外推销65% 以上的移动电话，您看如何?我相信您对外汇的需求大于对人民币的需求。The problem then involves the marketing of the manufactured products. Cordless phones are in high demand in China , but we can't guarantee a 50% domestic marketing of mobile phones. Besides, we need to increase our foreign exchange reserve for the rainy day. May 1 suggest that you market at least 65% of the total number .of mobile phones internationally? 1 believe you need more foreign currency than our renminbi
B: 1 love renminbi. We all know it is one of the strongest
currencies in the world. And 1 have heard that the Chinese yuan will become a convertible（可兑换的） currency soon. But 1 accept your proposal(建议) and we will be responsible for the international marketing of two-thirds of the mobile phones.
A: 好极了。That's beautiful.
B: Two more questions. One concerns the term of our partnership and the other the management's structure of the venture. 还有两个问题需要解决。一个问题是有关我们的合作期限，另另一个问题涉及企业管理人员的结构。
A: 至于我们的合作期限，我们可以定为15 年，只要双方愿意，合同期满后我们还可以续签。您意下如何? As for the term of the partnership, let's start with a 15-year term for this joint venture, and extend the contract later if both parties wish to continue the partnership. What do you say to this? B: That's quite logical. May 1 suggest that we set up a board of directors for the management of the company and share rights and obligations as equal partners? 非常合理。我建议成立董事会来监管公司的业务运作，我们以平等的伙伴关系来分享我们的权利和义务。
A. 正合我的想法。下周我们是否再举行一轮会谈，详细讨论一些 技术性问题? That coincides with our usual practice. Shall we
hold another round of discussion next week on some technical problems in a more detailed way?
B: That's fine. 1 like to work with you, as 1 did before. It's been a very rewarding day. 好的。同以往一样，我乐意与你合作。今天的收获很大
A. 收获确实很大。罗伯茨先生，祝您周末愉快。Yes , indeed. Have a nice weekend , Mr. Roberts! B: You, too.
Listen and interpret the following conversation alternatively into English and Chinese:
A: 罗伯获先生，您在中国生活两年了，还习惯吧? Mr. Roberts, you have been living in China for two years. How do you like it? B: 1 think I 'm quite used to my Chinese life here. Actually 1'm thinking about settling down in China for good. A: 前几天我看了一部美国电影，片名叫《美国丽人》。我没有完全 看懂，我也不知道这部电影为何获得了当年的奥斯卡最佳影片奖。没完全看懂可能是中美两国的文化差异吧，或者叫做东西方文化差异。1 saw an American Movie a few days ago, which is entitled \Beauty\1 didn't quite get the story. 1 don't quite understand why this movie won the Oscar for the best picture of the year, either. Maybe the answer is the difference between the Chinese and American cultures. Or rather, it is
due to the cultural difference between the East and the West. B: This is a good topic and a broad topic, too. Let-me talk a bit more about the film you mentioned. Actually, I have noticed a very interesting difference between many Chinese and Americans in understanding the title of the film. A. 是吗? Yes?
B: In some Oriental countries, the translation of the film's title goes as something like A Beautiful American Lady , or even Beauty is Guilty. While to most of the Americans, 1 am afraid the reaction toward this title is mixed（复杂，混合的）or confused, for they cannot decide what exactly the phrase(词) might indicate. The film first and foremost（最重要的）refers to a type of rose bearing large, long-stemmed（长茎的） purplish（略带紫色的）red flowers. And the flowers usually remind people of romance , love, beauty in its abstract（'?bstr?kt，抽象的，理论上的）sense（抽象意义上的美）, and vigor（强健）and vitality（活力;生气）of a nation, etc. But this interesting image（有趣意象） on the film's poster（海报） has failed to make any sense to many Chinese viewers. Vigor and vitality勃勃生机
A: 你说的没错。至少我就没注意到这个意思!难道这是文化差异造成的吗? That's right. At least 1 didn't get that. Is this due
to cultural differences?
B: Yes, absolutely. Such cultural differences arise from (产生于，起因于)the differences in region, race , history , environment , and in the levels of economic, scientific and technological development. 确实是这样。这种文化差异是由地域、种族、历史和环境的差异造成的，也是由经济和科技水平的差异造成的
A. 您能给我举些例子吗?比如说，您在中国的生活和工作中发现 什么严重的文化差异或冲突吗? can you offer us some examples? For instance, during your stay in China, have you found any serious cultural differences or clashes with regard to life and work?
B: We emphasize efficiency, competition and originality(独创) while your management gives priority to careful planning (严谨规划)and encourages close cooperation and altruistic(无私的?ltr?'?st?k) dedication among team members. In daily contacts（在日常交往中）, we tend to be humorous and casual while some of you appear more serious and formal. In American schools, discussion is given top priority and seminar（讨论） is the usual way of class. Good teachers are those who possess flexible (灵活)and adaptable（适应的） talents , and are able to respond instantaneously（?nst?n'te?n??sl?即刻，突如其来
地）at any moment to any questions that might arise among the students. 优秀教师具有灵活应变的才能，能随时回答学生可能提出的各种问题。That kind of capacity makes a popular teacher in the United States. But Chinese teachers like to lecture in class. and a lot of them are obsessed（?b'sest，着迷） with examinations; they spend long hours planning and preparing lessons. and writing consistent（一致的，一贯的;连续的）and standardized teaching plans. All too often they're happy with bringing up （培养）identical（完全同样的）and standardized talents. 而中国教师喜欢讲课，喜欢考试，花许多时间去备课，编写千篇一律的标准教案，培养整齐划一的高才生。
A: 我感到美国人太看重个人主义，太看重个人利益，这样可能会 牺牲集体的利益，影响群体之间的和睦， 甚至会损害社会的和谐。1 think Americans give too much importance to individualism and personal gains, so much so that it might sacrifice collective benefits, hurt the agreeable relationship among group members and even bring harm to the harmony of the society. B: Yes, in many cases. you're right. American working ethic seems to be more individual-oriented. We often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process. Central（核心的）to American political, economic and social thought is the concept of individual moral（道德） autonomy
（?:'t?n?m?自治）. 美国政治观、经济观以及社会观的核心是个人道德自治观If 1 am not mistaken, traditional Chinese philosophical （f?l?s?f?kl哲学上的）systems are based on Confucianism（儒家学说）, which sings high praises for individuals to uplift themselves for the benefit of communal（社会的，公共的）harmony. That is, communal harmony takes precedence over individual freedom.
A: 可以这样说，应该说是部分正确吧。尽管我们有如此多的文化差异，全球化浪潮正使世界变得越来越小，文化交流也随之变得越来越广泛。You may say so. 1 should say you're partially correct on that. In spite of so many cultural differences, globalization has brought the world increasingly closer. Likewise, cultural exchanges have become more and more extensive.
B: Yes. The global integration of economy and the speeding information revolution have brought the world closer than ever before. Chinese learn English. Americans learn Chinese; we drink tea. you drink coca-cola; we exercise Kung Fu. you go bowling; we enjoy beijing Duck, you like KFC; Titanic sailed into China. The Peony Pavilion(牡丹亭) has been performed on Broadway(百老汇). Nowadays, easterners and westerners are walking side by side, talking face to face ,living, working
and studying in harmony. 东西方人肩并肩走路，面对面交谈，和谐地生活、工作和学习。 The whole world is becoming increasingly beautiful due to cultural exchanges.
A: 是的，\中国丽人\和\美国丽人\走到了一起。我想这个话题还有许多值得我们探讨的地方，由于时间关系，我们今天暂且谈到这里。以后我们再接着聊吧。谢谢。Yes, \beauty\and \beauty\are walking together. 1 believe there's still much room for further discussion on this topic. As time is limited, we have to stop here today. We'll find some other time to continue our talk. Thank you.
B: My pleasure. Yes , we'll do it some other time. lnterprel the following sentences into Chinese or English 1. 1t is my great pleasure and privilege to have received your gracious invitation and work with a distinguished group of China's automobile specialists.
2. A growing number of American firms have been pouring into China's inland provinces. although coastal cities such as Shanghai and Tianjin are stil1 among their first choices of investment with many foreign investors.
3. 1 would like to discuss with you the possibilities of establishing a joint venture with your company to manufacture progressive-scan DVD home theater systems of the latest model.
4. 1 suggest that we should set up a board of directors for the management of the company and share rights and obligations as equal partners.
5. 1 cannot decide what exactly the phrase indicates. They failed to make any sense to me.
6. in our school ， discussion is given top priority and seminar is the way of class.
7. The flexible and adaptable capacity makes a popular teacher among students.
8. Confucianism sings high praises for individuals to uplift themselves for the benefit of communal harmony. that is, communal harmony takes precedence over individual freedom. 9. 1 hope your wife will soon join you here. The company will pay for all the needed expense， including her international flight.
10. The central government focuses a lot of attention on opening the country up to the outside world in all directions, including coastal cities and interior areas.
11. Because direct foreign investment in China can maximize the strengths of all parties concerned, many overseas institutional and individual investors have found it more profitable to invest directly in China than to do trading
business with Chinese companies.
12. China is known for her massive land, abundant natural resources. cheap labor, low taxation; potential consumer market, stable social environment, attractive investment policies, and high economic returns of investment.
13. There is a variety of ways to invest in China. You may establish a joint venture with a Chinese partner or a company solely-funded by yourself , in which case you may manage your business in whatever way you prefer within the boundary of the Chinese laws, of course.
14. When establishing a joint venture, the foreign partner usually brings into the enterprise capital funds , machinery, advanced technology and management , while the Chinese partner supplies land , labor, and a portion of the funds for the infrastructure.
15. Let's get down to the business of establishing a joint venture. May 1 have some idea of your plan? For instance, how much would be your share of investment in this venture? 16. My suggestion for the investment share in this partnership is in the vicinity of 50 to 50 , and the same applies to business management and profits share.
17. Let's say we begin with a 10-year term of a renewable
partnership; we can extend. our contract for another term before it expires, if both parties intend to. 18. Your idea coincides with mine.
19. Shall we hold another round of talk next week focusing on some technical problems?
20. As time is limited , we have to stop here today , but we'll find some other time to continue our talk.
Listen and interpret the following interview alternatively into English and Chinese:
An interview to learn about travel and public transportation in the United States.
Q: 据说美国是一个由汽车驱动的国家，美国人实际上是一个生活 在轮子上的民族。你认为这是一种夸张的说法吗? It is said that the United States is a country driven by automobiles, and Americans are actually a people living on wheels. Is this an exaggeration?
A: This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life. Americans like to do business without leaving their cars. Wherever you go, you'll see drive-in banks, drive-in restaurants, drive-in churches and drive-in movies.
0: 如果我以游客的身份访问美国， 我可以在美国境内开车吗? If 1
visit the United States with a tourist's visa, can 1 drive in the country?
A: Yes, you can. When you drive in the United States. it's a good idea to have an international driver's license if you are a foreigner and don't have a state license. Each of the fifty states of the U. S. has its own traffic laws. Drivers are expected to know and understand the local laws even if they don't live in a particular state. You can get information at a tourist information center when you cross the border into a different state. 你在穿越州界时可以在所到的那个州设立的旅游信息中心打听情况，索取资料。
0: 在中国某些道路上开车，司机必须将自己的行车速度控制在标牌规定的限速内。美国是否也有限速? In China, drivers have to drive under a posted speed limit on some roads. Is there any national speed limit in the U. S. ?
A: Yes. in most states, the speed limit on the expressway is 55 miles per hour , or about 88 kilometers per hour. On some roads, such as some state or federal expressways, 如地方高速公路或州际高速公路there is a minimum speed of 40 miles per hour, or about 65 kilometers per hour.
0: 我作为一一名出公差来美国的旅行者，可没有必要为了旅行而去 买一辆车。我想贵国一定有某种租车服务业吧? As a visitor on a
business trip, 1 don't need to buy a car in order to travel in America. 1 suppose you have some kind of car rental service, don't you?
A: Of course we do. This country has the most developed car rental industry in the world. The two largest American car rental companies, Hertz and Avis, have offices(办事处) all over the United States, with counters at most airports and in many international cities. Other national car rental companies that you can find at airports, such as Thrifty , National, Budget or Dollar, have offices in other countries too, so you may want to reserve a car through your travel agent in your own country.
Q: 那么租车时我以什么方式来付款呢? How do 1 pay for my rental service?
A: Io order to rent a car， you have to have a major credit card (信用卡)such as MasterCard , Visa , or American Express. Without a credit card you may have to pay a very high deposit(押金) on the car. If you don't want to spend a lot of money , you may rent used cars from used car rental companies, such as Rent-Junker and Ugly Duckling. Their rates are often lower and they don't always demand a credit card. Sometimes they have special offers that make the total cost of renting a car even
lower. 有时它们还给顾客优惠价，这样租车费用就更低了
0: 如果我没有驾照，那我怎样去其他城市呢? If 1 don't have a license, how do 1 travel between cities?
A: There are three ways to travel from city to city without a car. 1n some places, you can take Amtrak , the national passenger rail service全国客运火车. Or you can take a bus. Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company 长途汽车公司, which offers the monthly pass月票. And, of course, you can fly. There are dozens of airlines, both regional and national. Prices are not regulated , so airlines can make special offers that are sometimes cheaper than train tickets. There are also shuttle and commuter(往返通勤)flights between some major cities that are close to each other. 一些相距不远的大城市之间也有穿梭于两地之间的航班。
Q: 听说美国城市的公共交通不尽如人意?有没有这回事? 1 heard the city public transportation systerm in your country is not very desirable. Is that so?
A: Well , 1 have to admit that getting around a city (市内)on public Transportation(公共交通) is generally not as easy as it is in most other countries, but it is possible. 这个嘛，我得承认美国的市内公共交通通常没有大多数国家来得方便，但还是有车可坐。 Although only a few cities have subways, most towns
with a population of 50 , 000 or more have some kind of city bus service. 虽然有地铁的城市寥寥元几，但是人口在5 万或以上的城镇都有某种巴士服务站。
0: 万一坐巴士或地铁到不了我想要去的地方怎么办呢? What do I do in case I can't get where 1 want to by bus or subway? A: You can always take a cab(出租车). You can stop a cab on the street, but that's not easy in many cities. 1t's actually easier to call a taxi company listed in the Yellow Pages of a telephone directory(电话簿) and ask them to send a cab to your door. American taxi drivers will usually expect a tip of at least 10%. In big cities like New York, cabbies（出租车司机） expect a tip of 15%.
Q: 十分感谢您所提供的情况。Thank you very much for the information
A: You're welcome.
Listen and interpret the following interview alternatively into English and Chinese:
An interview with a Nobel Prize winning microbiologist on the AIDS epidemic.
Q: 巴尔迪摩先生，艾滋病的传播程度有多严重? Mr. Baltimore, how serious is the AIDS epidemic?
A: AIDS is the worst plague（瘟疫） in modern history. 1n the
25 years since the first reports of what we now know is AIDS, an entire generation has been born and come of age never knowing a world without the epidemic. 整整一代人从出生起便生活在一个与艾滋病共存的世界里The disease has changed the personal as well as the political life艾滋病改变了我们的个人生活和政治生活how we think and how we love, what we teach our children and what words we say in public. On an international scale, 从国际范围来看it threatens to undermine countries, particularly in Africa. AIDS is now the fourth leading cause（原因） of death globally, 艾滋病是世界上第四大致命病因and the leading cause of death in Africa. Throughout the world 36 million people are H1V-positive, including 900 ,000 in the United States.
0: 你所说的\危害国家\是指什么? What do you mean by \countries\
A: AIDS has stolen a generation and imperiled（威胁）the future. 艾滋病夺走了一代人，威胁着人类的未来it will cause such a significant amount of disease in the middle ages of the population that it will largely reduce the number of people available to carry out the functions of the society. 艾滋病会在中年人中间广为传播，致使劳动力大量减少in parts of Africa, it's happening already. In seven African countries ， more than
20 percent of the 15 to 49 year old population is infected With HIV. For example, Zambia cannot teachers培育 fast enough to replace those kil1ed by AIDS. Within 10 years， there will be 40 million AIDS orphans（?:fn孤儿）in Africa
Q: 你认为我们可以及时改变人们的基本行为，以阻止艾滋病的传 播吗? Do you think people's basic behavior can be altered in time to stem the AIDS epidemic?
A: In time to have a significant impact, yes. 1 don't think we'll be perfect. People will respond differently. But for the Homosexual(h??m?sek?u?l, 同性恋者)population in San Francisco. the rate of homosexually transmitted diseases fell dramatically(dr?'m?t?kl?戏剧性地，引人注目地)when a serious educational program was put in place. People were obviously willing to change their behavior when they were made to realize how severe a risk they were taking.
Q: 对于那些还未受到严重打击的群体，有何措施可以采取呢?能 否在大规模死亡发生之前也让他们意识到问题的严重性呢? What about groups not yet hard hit? Can the message get to them before massive deaths occur?
A: It is certain1y harder to reach people when they don't see the consequence of what they're doing right around them or when the consequences are extremely delayed. I'd guess
that's been one of the problems with smokers. 我想这也是瘾君子难以戒烟的原因之一。
Q: 怎样才能让人们意识到问题的严重性呢? How do you reach people?
A: Drugs cannot be seen as the ultimate最终 solution. And about $10 billion is needed to fight the spread of HIV. 1 think a massive educational campaign(运动) is the only thing conceivable(可相信的)at the moment that can help. Doing nothing about it would be crimina1. To argue that it's difficult and expensive and therefore we shouldn't do it would be self-defeating. 不开展教育活动是一种犯罪行为。说什么难度大、代价高而听之任之，则是一种自暴自弃的行为。
Q: 调查结果表明，公众中大部分人认为艾滋病患者应该被隔离开 来。你的意见呢? Surveys show that a majority of the public believes AIDS victims should be quarantined. What do you think? A: Quarantining(kw?r?nti:n隔离) will help no one. Most AIDS patients are too sick to be transmitting the virus.（va?r?s病毒）The virus is being spread largely by people who do not have AIDS but are infected with the HIV virus , and they may or may not even know it. Quarantining would be totally futile（无效的，无用的;）. 采取隔离措施只能是竹篮打水一场空 Q: 强制性化验有元作用? Would mandatory testing help?
A: 1 believe it would drive the very people you want to test underground. Voluntary（v?l?ntr?自愿的）, confidential testing is much more appropriate. 我认为强制性化验会迫使那些你想去化验的人躲藏起来。我认为，自愿化验，并且为化验者保密的做法更为妥当。
Q: 怎样做才能鼓励人们去接受这种令人不安的化验呢? How can you encourage people to go in for such a traumatic test? A: The only thing you can do is convince people that they're better off knowing than not knowing. First , because then they can take action to protect their friends and loved ones and , second, because they can begin to interpret（理解） their own symptoms（症状） and take whatever action available. AIDS is a very serious disease, but it usually reveals（r?'vi:l显露） its presence through a variety of infections, and many of those infections can be controlled with appropriate drugs. 但它通常是经由各种传染病的侵袭才发病的，而许多传染病是可以通过使用适当的药物加以控制的
Q: 谢谢!谢谢您接受我的采访。Thank you for sharing your views with our readers A: You're welcome.
Listen and interpret the following interview alternatively into English and Chinese:
An interview with an American manager of a Sino-American joint venture on the differences in business communication style and work ethic between Chinese business people and their American counterparts.
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