石墨烯毕业论文

哈尔滨学院本科毕业论文（设计）

题目： 石墨烯的制备及应用研究的进展

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摘 要............................................................................................................................ 1 Abstract .......................................................................................................................... 2 前 言............................................................................................................................ 3 第一章 石墨烯的结构与性质.................................................................................... 5

1.1 石墨烯的结构................................................................................................ 5 1.2 石墨烯的性质................................................................................................ 6

1.2.1石墨烯的电学性质................................................................................. 6 1.2.2室温下的量子霍尔效应......................................................................... 7 1.2.3表面性质的尺寸效应............................................................................. 7

第二章 石墨烯的制备以及改性方法........................................................................ 8

2.1 制备方法........................................................................................................ 8

2.1.1微机械剥离法......................................................................................... 8 2.1.2化学气相沉积法..................................................................................... 9 2.1.3表面外延生长法..................................................................................... 9 2.1.4氧化石墨还原法................................................................................... 10 2.1.5电化学法............................................................................................... 10 2.1.6淬火法................................................................................................... 10 2.1.7原位自生模板法................................................................................... 11 2.2 石墨烯的改性.............................................................................................. 12

2.2.1石墨烯的表面改性............................................................................... 12 2.2.2制备聚合物基复合材料....................................................................... 13

第三章 石墨烯的应用领域...................................................................................... 14

3.1 石墨烯在分析科学上的应用...................................................................... 14

3.1.1基于石墨烯的样品前处理技术........................................................... 14 3.1.2石墨烯在荧光分析中的应用............................................................... 15

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3.1.3石墨烯在质谱分析中的应用............................................................... 16 3.2 石墨烯在纳电子器件方面的应用.............................................................. 17 3.3 石墨烯材料在电化学领域中的应用.......................................................... 17

3.3.1在锂离子电池中的应用....................................................................... 17 3.3.2在超级电容器中的应用....................................................................... 18 3.4 石墨烯其它的潜在应用.............................................................................. 19 第四章 展望.............................................................................................................. 20 参考文献...................................................................................................................... 22 致 谢.......................................................................................................................... 25

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摘 要

石墨烯是目前发现的唯一存在的二维自由态原子晶体, 它是构筑零维富勒烯、一维碳纳米管、三维体相石墨等sp2杂化碳的基本结构单元, 具有很多奇异的电子及机械性能。自从2004年发现以来，研究者对这种材料在未来技术革命方面提出了大量的建设性创意，石墨烯被认为是未来能够取代硅的一种新型电子材料。石墨烯是只有一个原子厚的结晶体，具有超薄、超坚固和超强导电性等特性，其优异的电学、热学和力学性能，在纳米电子器件、储能材料、光电材料等方面的潜在应用价值引起了科学界新一轮的“碳”热潮。本文首先从石墨烯的发现入手，之后对其结构和性质进行了简单的概述，并对石墨烯的改性、制备以及应用等方面进行了综述，最后对其在未来的发展前景进行了展望。 关键字：石墨烯；制备；改性；应用；展望

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Abstract

Graphite surfaces is currently the only discovery existing 2 d free state atomic crystal, it is building zero d fullerenes, a d carbon nanotubes,3 d body in the hybrid carbon graphite sp2 the basic structure of unit, have a lot of strange electronic and mechanical properties. Since 2004 years since its discovery, the researchers for such materials in the future technology revolution put forward a lot of constructive ideas, graphite surfaces is considered to be the future of silicon can take the place of a new electronic materials. Graphite surfaces is only one atom thick the crystals, ultra-thin, super strong and have strong character such as conductivity, its excellent electrical, thermal and mechanical properties, in nano electronic components, energy storage material, photoelectric material potential application value caused the scientific community a new \the structure and properties after a brief overview, and the modification of graphite surfaces, the preparation and application of opposite were summarized, finally, the development in the future was prospected.

Keywords:Graphene;preparation;Modified;Application;prospect

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