（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Sir Fiennes has said, "If I am getting sick, I find a very powerful way of conquering it is to know that my father would have definitely done it." 费因斯爵士曾说过：“如果我生病了，我发现一种非常强大的战胜它的方法就是知道我父亲肯定会这么做。”，从而可以推断出，很多冒险家都是为了不辜负父母的期望。故选D。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“There is probably no such thing as a ‘normal’ adventurer.”可能没有所谓的“正常”冒险家，可知，冒险家显然不同于我们其他人。故选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
7．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
The urge to share our lives on social media
People have long used media to see reflections of themselves. Long before mobile phones or even photography, diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives. In the 18th and 19th centuries, as diaries became more popular, middle-class New Englanders, particularly white women, wrote about their everyday lives and the world around them.
These diaries were not a place into which they poured their innermost thoughts and desires, but rather a place to chronicle (记录) the social world around them. The diaries captured the everyday routines of mid-19th-century life, and women diarists in particular focused not on themselves but on their families and their communities.
Diaries today are, for the most part, private. But things were different for these New England diaries. Young women who were married would send their diaries home to their parents as a way of maintaining kin (血缘) relations. When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one's journal together.
Diaries are not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with others. We have long used media like photo albums, baby books and even slide shows as a means of creating traces (痕迹) of our lives. We do this to understand ourselves and to see trends in our behaviour. We create traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.
Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social connection and intimacy (亲密感). For example, you take a picture of your child's first birthday. It is not only a developmental milestone: the photo also strengthen the identity of the family unit itself. The act of taking the photo and proudly sharing it further reaffirms (再次证实) one as a good and attentive parent. In other words, the media traces of others figure in our own identities.
Today's social media platforms are, by and large, free to use, unlike historical diaries, which people had to buy. Today, advertising subsidises (补贴) our use of networked platforms. Therefore these platforms encourage use of their networks to build larger audiences and to better target them. Our pictures, our posts, and our likes are commodified—that is, they are used to create value through increasingly targeted advertising.
Instead of social media merely connecting us, it has become a craze (狂热) for information, continually trying to draw us in with the promise of social connectivity—it's someone's birthday, someone liked your picture, etc. There's a multibillion-dollar industry pulling us into our smartphones, relying on a longstanding human need for communication.
The urge to be present on social media is much more complex than simply narcissism (自恋). Social media of all kinds not only enable people to see their reflections, but to feel their connection as well.
free/nothing；commodities；catering；connection/communication
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了早期的和现代社交媒体的特点和影响。（1）考查信息归纳。根据第一段中的“Long before mobile phones or even photography，diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives”可知，早在手机和摄影出现以前，日记是人们了解自己和世界的方式，在手机和摄影出现以前的方式属于早期（最初）的媒体，故填early/primitive。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Long before mobile phones or even photography，diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives”可知，在手机和摄影出现以前，人们通过日记来了解自己和世界，故填diaries。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Diaries today are, for the most part, private”及“When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one's journal together.”可知，现在，日记是很私人的东西，但在那时，已婚的年轻女性与家人和朋友分享自己的日记是很平常的事情，故填share。
（4）考查信息概括。根据第四段中的“Diaries ar e not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with others.”及第五段中的“Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social connection and intimacy”等信息可知，这两段主要介绍了社交媒体的好处（功能/目的），故填Functions/Purposes/Benefits。
（5）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“We cre ate traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.”可知，我们创造痕迹作为我们身份和记忆的一部分，也就是说，我们一直通过社交媒体来展示我们是谁以及我们在生活中经历了什么，故填who。
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