词缀总结表格 - 图文

常见前缀：

一．表示否定意义

1． 纯否定 Dis- Un- 2. 表错误 Mis- Dis- Un- Anti-, ant- Ob-,oc-,of-,op With- En- Ex-, es- Fore- In/m/l/r- Out- Over- Post- Pre- Pro- Mistake, mislead, misuse, misunderstand, miscarriage, misconduct, miscount Disarm, disconnect, discourage, disfigure, disroot, dissident, dissent Unload, uncover, unlock, uncap, undo Antiknock, anti-foreign, antitrust, antibody, anticlockwise, anti-depressant Object, obstacle, opponent, oppose, occupy Withdraw, withstand, withhold 空: 在内，进入 ec-, 空: 外部，在外 时: 先，故，旧 空: 在前面 时: 在前，先前 空: 在内，向内 空: encage, engulf, encase, encave, enroll 空: exit ,expand, export, expose, exclude, extract, expel 时: expresident, ex-president, ex-soldier 空: forehead, foreground, forearm, forefoot 时: foretell, foreknow, foreword, foresee, forerun 空: inland, invade, import, infuse, income, inject, influx, ingress 4.表示相反，相互对立 3. 表反动作 Dishonest, dislike, disappear, disagree, disorder, disbelieve Unable, unemployment, uncomfortable, unequal, unmanned, unfortunate In-,ig-,il-,im-,ir- Incapable, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular (b,p,m前为m) 5. 表示空间位置，时间关系 Inter-,intel- 空: 在..之间，相互 空: international, interaction, internet, interrupt, interject, interline 空: 在上面， 在外 空: outline, outside, outlander, outflow, outcast, outpour, outrush 空: 在上面，向上 空: 向后，在后面 时: 在后，后 空: 在前，在前面 时: 在前，事先 空: 在前，向前 时: 在前，预先 空: overlook, overhead, overboard, overbridge, overfly, overleap 空: postscript, postpone, postdate 时: postwar, post-liberation, 空: prefix, preface, preposition 时: prewar, prehistory, premature, precedent, prepay 空: progress, proceed, project, propel, promote, protrude 时: prologue, prophet 空: subway, subsurface, subsoil, submarine, substandard Sub/c/f/g/ 空: 在下面，下 M/p/r/s Trans- Under- Up- Re- 空: 在下，向下 空: 在上，向上 再一次，重新一次 回 6．表共同，相等的意思 Com/p/n/r-, co- 共同，一起 7. 表示比较程度差别关系 Extra- Out- 超越，额外 超过，过 空:从一处至另一处 空: transplant, transform, transmigrate, transgress, transport 空: underline, underwater, underwrite, underlay, undercurrent 空: upward, uphill, uphold Rewrite, restart, resell, reconstruction, rearm, rebirth Return, recall, rebound, reflect, reclaim, retreat, regress, retract Connect, combine, collect, combat, coexist, co-operate Extraordinary, extraofficial, extraprofessioal Outdo, outspend, outwear, outgrow, outsize Over- Sub/c/r- Vice- a-,ab-,abs- Ex-, e- Se- 超过，过度，大 Overeat, overdress, oversleep, overproduction, overcareful, overpraise 低，次，副，亚 Substructure, subsurface, substandard, subtitle, subdepartment Superpower, surplus, surpass, supermarket, superstar, supernatural Vice-president, vice-governor, vice-president, vice-minister Away, apart, abstract, absent, abduct, absolve, abdicate Disarm, disfigure, disbud, disburden, dissect, distract, dispel Excise, exclude, expatriate, expel Separate, seduce, select, secede, segregate, seclude 副，次 分离，离开 离开，分离 分离，隔离 Super-, sur- 超过 8.表示分离，离开 Dis-,di-,dif- 分离，离开 9.表示加强 Ad/c/f/g/n/p/r/s/t- Adapt, accord, affix, aggression, arrive, assist, attend, attract, arrange, assign 10.表特殊意义 Auto- Macro- Micro- Mono- Tele- Multi- 自己，独立，自动 Automation, automobile, auto-criticism, autocracy, autobiography 宏大的，宏 微的， 单一，独 远离 多 Macroscopic, macro-economy, Microscope, microwave, microcomputer Monocracy, monocycle, monogamy, monotone Tele-vision, telephone, telecommunication, telegraph, Multicolor, multiform, multilateral, multifold, multiflorous 常见后缀: 1. 名词 -er -ess -ee -ese -ic -ist -age -bility -dom -craft -hood -ion,-tion -ism -ment -ship -ure -able, ible -ant, ent 从事..的人；某地的人 Banner, observer, villager, driver, singer 女性的人 动作承受者 ..者；..师 形容词后缀 状态，行为，总称 动作，性质，状,态 等级，领域，状态 工艺，技巧 资格，身份 行为过程，结果 主义，学说, 制度 行为，状态，过程 情况，性质，技巧 行为，结果 2． 形容词 Movable, comfortable, applicable, visible; recommendable (be worth of) Distant, important, excellent Actress, hostess, manageress, waitress Employee Mechanic, critic Scitific, Courage, storage, marriage Endurance, importance, diligence Possibility, feasibility Freedom, kingdom Handicraft, statecraft Childhood, manhood, falsehood, neighborhood Action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression Socialism, criticism, heroism, capitalism Treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument Hardship, membership, friendship Exposure, pressure, failure ..国的人，...地方的人 Chinese, Japanese, cantonese 从事..研究者，信仰..者 Pianist, communist, dentist -ance,-ence 性质，状况，行为 -fic -ish -ive -like -less -ous -some -ful 3.动词后缀 -ize,-ise -en -ate -fy Sect:切，割 Scientific, Foolish, bookish, selfish, childish, girlish Active, impressive, decisive Manlike, childlike Countless, stainless Dangerous, courageous Troublesome, tiresome Beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful 做成，变成，…化 Modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize 使成为，引起 成为..引起 使..化，使成 Quicken, weaken, soften, harden, strengthen Separate, operate, indicate Beautify, purigy, intensify, signify, simplify Tend/tens: 伸 Extend: 伸出，扩展，扩张 Intense: 紧张的，强烈的，剧烈的 Tense: 拉紧的，紧绷的 Distend: 膨胀，扩张 Attend: 参加，专心 Tract: 拉 Tractor: 拖拉机 Contract: 合同，收缩 Protract: 伸长，延长 Abstract: 提取，摘要 Attract: 吸引 Extract: 抽出，拔出，取出 Retract: 缩回，收回，撤回 Subtract: 减去，减，去掉

Uni: 单， 一 Unite: 联合 Unify: 统一，使一元化 Uniform: 一样的，制服 Unicorn: 独角兽 Unque: 独一无二的 Reunion: 再统一，重聚 Vis/vid: 看 Vision: 视力，视觉 Visit: 参观 Television: 电视 Previse: 预见，预知 Provide: 预防，提供 Introvise: 自我检查，反省 Revise: 修订，修改 Supervisor: 监视者，监督，管理 Evident: 明白的，明显的 Visual: 视觉的，视力的 Insect: 昆虫 Insecticide: 杀虫剂 Bisect: 平分，二等分 Dissect: 解剖，分析 Tain: 持，握，守，保有 Contain: 包含，包括 Maintain: 保持，维持 Detain: 拘留，扣押，阻住 Sustain: 支持，支撑，维持 Obtain: 取得，获得 Retain: 保持，保留，保有 Abstain: 避免，避开 Content: 含量，内容，目录 Tele: 远 Television: 电视 Telescope: 望远镜 Telecontrol: 遥控 Telephone: 电话 Telegram: 电报 Telecommunication: 电信

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