While-reading activities ——text structure; main ideas Post-reading activities ——comprehension questions; exercises
Section B(1 period):
Practice of the reading skill ——Predicting the writer‘s ideas
T checks on Ss‘ home reading by asking questions based on the passage. T explains some difficult sentences
3. Teaching Procedures: 3.1 Pre-reading Activities
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual. Step 2. Review
1. Ask students some questions to review the last lesson（show them on the screen）. 2. Check the homework
Step 3. Lead-in and preparation for reading
Show the Ss some questions and let them talk to each other about the topic on the screen. 1. Why is loneliness called a national disease of the US? 2.Why do poets and philosophers like solitude?
3. How will the temporary absence of friends affect a person? 4. Why is it important for a person living alone to talk to others? 5. How is a solitary man advised to enjoy life?
Purpose: Arouse the students‘ interest of study. Bring in new subject: Choose to Be Alone on Purpose.
Method: Use the CAI, PPT software and talk in groups; Use task-based language teaching method, communicative
approach, audio-visual method and audio-lingual method.
Step 4. Fast reading
Ask the Ss to read the passage as quickly as they can and to answer the questions on the screen. Let them get the main idea of each paragraph and make clear about the text structure.
Text structure:
Purpose: Improve the students‘ reading and writing ability and understand the general idea of each paragraph.
Method: Read the text individually and talk in groups; Use task-based language teaching method, reading approach, communicative approach and total physical response method.
Text Structure Analysis
The passage focuses on a social phenomenon---choosing to be alone on purpose. The passage falls into four parts. The author begins with the brief description of being alone in USA. Next, two different views on solitude are presented. Then, three examples are given to illustrate why and how some personages choose to live in solitude. Finally, the author gives comments and advice on living in solitude.
Part I (Para.1): The phenomenon of living alone: As a social trend, lots of people are living alone. Part II (Para.2): two different views on living alone:Loneliness: a sort of social disease but a characteristic of an American hero.
Part III (Para.3~10): Who prefers living alone: poets & philosophers prefer living alone. Part IV (Para. 11~16): The author‘s comments and advice on living in solitude
Step 5. Preparation for details of the text on the screen
Ss are required to look at the words and Phrases on the screen and give a brief presentation in class. Words and Phrases:
Purpose: Train the Ss‘ ability of understanding and using foreign language.
Method: Talk in groups, Use task-based language teaching method, communicative approach and total physical
response method.
1) humble
The young man‘s humble behavior made a favorable impression on the boss. (having a modest opinion of oneself;
not proud)
这个年轻人谦恭的举止给老板留下了很好的印象。
a man of humble birth / origin (not great or important) 出身低微的人
2）speak highly of: express a good opinion of someone or something
The students speak highly of the new teacher. 学生对新来的老师评价很高。
Compare: speak ill / well of: express a bad / good opinion of someone or something 3) back up:
Traffic during the peak hours tends to back up. (cause to block up) 上下班高峰期往往会塞车。
He backed me up whole-heartedly as he always did. (support someone, esp. in an argument) 他一如既往地全心全意地支持我。 4）at length
We have already discussed this matter at great length .(for a long time and in great detail) 我们已经失分详尽地讨论了这个问题。
―I‘m unable to give you a definite answer at the moment,‖ he said at length. (after a long time) 5) settle down
It always takes the class a while to settle down at the start of the lesson. 他们打算成家，安定下来。
They decide to get married and settle down.
6) might as well：do something because it seems best in the circumstances, though often reluctantly
Since you are here, you might as well stay. 你既然来了，就不妨呆在这儿吧。 3.2 While-reading Activities Step 6. Intensive reading
Ss are asked to read the passage carefully again and answer some detailed questions on the screen. During the reading, there is an explanation for the following points:
Language Points:
1）Loneliness may be a sort of national disease here, and it?s more embarrassing for us to admit than any other sin.
(Para. 2)
Meaning: Loneliness is a kind of typical American illness, and Americans feel more embarrassed to admit this than any
other problem.
Here the word ―disease‖ is used figuratively, meaning something unpleasant, usually one tht a group of people have. 2) No doubt about it, solitude is improved by being voluntary. (Para. 5)
Meaning: Undoubtedly, one can find pleasure in living alone if they choose it according to their own free will. 3) The American high priest of solitude was Thoreau. (Para. 7) Meaning: The representative figure of the solitary way of life is Thoreau. A ―high priest‖ is a person who has a leadership position in a certain field. 4) Thoreau had his own self-important for company.
Meaning: Thoreau‘s life was self-content; he enjoys being alone.
5) Those absent will be back. Their waterproof winter coats are in the closet and the dog keeps watching for them at the window. (Para. 11)
Meaning: Those who are staying away from you will be back. They have their winter coats kept in the closet and even the dog keeps watching at the window for their coming back.
Note that “-proof” is a suffix used with some nouns for describing something that will provide protection against the
damaging effect of something else. For example:
bulletproof 防弹的; soundproof 隔音的; fireproof 防火的
6) After all, here we are. It may not be where we expected to be. But for the time being we might as well call it home Anyway, there is no place like home. (Para. 16)
Meaning: We may not be content with the condition we are now in, but at present there is no harm in calling the place
where we now live home.
after all: in spite of what has been said, done or expected
After all, you are young and there is a lot more of life yet to come. 毕竟你还年轻，生活的道路还长着呢。 After all money is not everything. The richest people are not necessarily happiest. for the time being: for a short period of time from now, but not permanently They will take no action for the time being. 他们暂时还不会采取行动。
Typical patterns:
1) not / never so … as
The young girl is not so innocent as she appears.
Men are never so peaceful, so harmonious with each other as they are now. 2) might as well do something
Since you are here, you might as well stay. 你既然来了，就不妨呆在这儿吧。 While you live alone, you can do whatever you like. We might as well call it freedom.
Purpose: Further understand the text （Train further reading ability） to find out some difficult sentences and details of the text.
Method: Read the text together; Use task-based language teaching method, reading approach, communicative approach, grammar-translation approach and total physical response method.
3.3 Post-reading Activities
Step7. Consolidation Questions for discussion:
1) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of solitude or living alone. 2) Do you have the moments when you feel solitude is the best companion? 3) Do you think solitude can give rise to inspiration? Give your reasons.
Purpose: To know if the students understand the whole text. At the same time, To show the text structure on the screen, so that they can retell it easily.
Method: Read the text structure together; Use task-based language teaching method, reading approach, communicative approach and total physical response method.
Step 8. Assignment
Review the key points of Section A Finish online homework Preview Section B Step 9 Assessment
Write a composition of comparison of no less than 120 words on the following topic. Topic: People living alone on purpose and people who have to live alone Comparing points: 1. People living alone: reasons for preferring living representatives
2. People who are forced to live alone various reasons having no one to talk to
II. Section B Roommate Conflicts
Teaching Procedures: 1. Reading Skills
Predicting the writer‘s ideas
To make predictions of the writer‘s next point is an important skill in active reading. Although we may not be able to predict every detail and although a writer may surprise us with unexpected ideas, we can often anticipate the general direction the writer is going. Making predictions while you read keeps your mind alert; it is a way to double-check your comprehension of what you‘ve read so far, and it can be a great aid to understand what comes next.
Purpose: Introduce the reading skill to the Ss and improve their reading abilities.
Method: Use multimedia instruction and talk in groups; Use task-based language teaching method, reading
approach, communicative approach and total physical response method.
T explains the reading skill (Predicting the writer‘s ideas). Ss practice the skill by answering the questions inserted in the text .
2. Passage Reading (Roommate Conflicts)
2.1 Lead-in and preparation for reading
Ask Ss to talk about their roommates‘ habits, personalities, interests etc and see if there exists any conflict between them. If yes, what causes the conflicts and how to remove the conflicts and live together harmoniously.
Purpose: Arouse the students‘ interest of study. Bring in new subject: Roommate conflicts
Method: Use the CAI and talk in groups; Use task-based language teaching method, reading approach,
communicative approach, audio-lingual method, and total physical response method.
2.2 Comprehension Questions
Read the passage as quickly as they can and finish the comprehension questions on Page 128. 2.3 Difficult Sentences
1) She and her roommate silently warred over matters ranging from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged. (Para. 1)
Meaning: She and her roommate fought secretly /without speaking out with each other about some small and unimportant matters such as when the lights should be turned off and how the furniture should be arranged.
2) Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode, ultimately resulting in physical violence. (Para. 7)
Meaning: Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to ease up the anxiety and hostility between students rooming together; if the tense feelings are not controlled, they can accumulate and are ready to erupt at any time like a volcano, even leading to body injury in the end.
3) \(Para. 9)
Meaning: \dorm building bet on when we would start fighting with each other,\
2.4 Key Words and Expressions
1) strike out: start doing something new or living by oneself I knew it was time I struck out on my own.
John was determined to strike ou by doing part-time jobs.
2) give up on sb.: stop hoping that someone or something will change, improve, etc. His parents seem to have given up on him.
I gave up on arguing with him. It just wasn‘t making any difference to the solution of the problem. 3) tear apart: cause serious arguments in an organization, group, etc. Different interests and personalities tore the couple apart. Racial conflict is tearing that country apart.
4) resort to sth / doing sth: make use of something or doing something, often something unpleasant or unpopular, to gain an
advantage, often when everything else failed He resorted to stealing when his money ran out.
There are hopes that the conflict can be resolved without resort to violence. 5) head off: prevent something from happening You will head a cold off by doing regular exercises.
The young man tried to head off awkward questions about his past.
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