形容词副词比较级最高级讲解及习题

比较级和最高级的构成（一）

1、形容词和副词的原形就是形容词，副词的原级。 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级：

2、1）单音节形容词和副词加-er,-est 2）、以不发音的-e结尾的 high ---higher ---highest safe ----safer ----safest hard---harder ---hardest late ---- later ---- latest small----smaller----smallest large----larger----largest new----newer----newest nice----nicer----nicest

3)、 辅音字母要双写的情况 (辅音字母+一个元音字母+一个辅音字母) big---bigger---biggest hot ----hotter ---hottest thin---thinner --- thinnest fat----fatter----fattest 4）、以辅音加-y结尾的情况

dry ---drier ---driest happy---happier---happiest merry--- merrier --- merriest easy ---easier ---easiest ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

1、 写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：

1. nice ______________________ 2. fat ____________________ 3. slow _____________________ 4. dry ____________________ 5. happy ____________________ 6. wet ____________________ 7. thin ______________________ 8. far ____________________ 9. early _____________________ 10. careful_________________ 11. exciting ___________________ 12. busy __________________ 2、 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空： 1. Mr. Smith is ____ ____ man in this office. (rich)

2. Winter is _____ ____ season of the years. (cold) 3. This radio is not so ___ ____ as that one. (cheap) 4. It is much __ _____ today than yesterday. (hot)

5. She is a little ___ _____ than her classmates. (careful) 6. _____ ___ people came to the meeting than last time. (many) 7. Which book is ___ _____, this one or that one? (easy) 8. My room is _____ __ than yours. (small)

9. Hainan is _____ __ from Beijing than Hunan. (far) 10. Skating is ____ ___ than swimming. (exciting) 11. Jim is ____ ___ than all the others. (honest)

12. The higher you climb, the ___ ____ it will be. (cold) 13.There are ____ ___ boys than girls in our class. (few) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

多音节的形容词比较级的构成（二）

3、多音节的形容词，形容词加-ly构成的副词，加more, most+形容词/副词原级，构成比较级和最高级（early--earlier--earliest/silly--sillier--silliest除外） expensive / more expensive / most expensive , slowly / more slowly / most slowly

carefully / more carefully / most carefully, highly / more highly / most highly famous / more famous / most famous

4、以-ful,-less,-able,-ous,-ive, -ing，-ed等结尾的双元音形容词 useless more useless most useless serious more serious most serious tired,tired more tired most tired pleased more pleased most pleased

小练习：1、写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：

long_____ ______ wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____ heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______ few____ _____ brightly______ -_____ far____ _____

quickly _____ ______ happy_____ -______ unhappy________ 2、

1). Which is ____ ___ (big), the sun, the moon or the earth?

2). Which is ___ ___ (beautiful), the black coat or the blue one? 3). This mooncake is ___ _ (cheap) of all. 4). He is ____ ___ (strong) in the class.

5). English is (widely) spoken in the world.

6). Now his life is becoming ___ _____ and ___ ____. (difficult) 7). Things are getting _______ and _______. (bad)

*5、下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级可有两种构成方法． cruel crueler cruelest more cruel most cruel often oftener oftenest more often most often strict stricter strictest more strict most strict

friendly friendlier friendliest more friendly most friendly

6、形容词，副词的比较级和最高级的不规则构成法 good / well better best bad / ill / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least

far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest

小练习： 用所给词的正确形式填空：

1. This dress is ______ that.(twice, as…as…, expensive) 2. Gold(黄金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁). 3. My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I.

4. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child. 5. She will be much ______ (happy) in her new house. 6. The short one is by far _______ (expensive) of the five. 7. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.

8. Dick sings ____(well), she sings ____(well) than John, but Mary sings____(well) in her class.

比较级的用法：

一、比较级的表示法：主语+be+比较级+than… 主语+谓语+比较级+than…

1、不同主语的比较，

1）双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用\比较级十 than\的结构表示。 He is two years younger than I / me. 2）表示一方不及另一方时，用\十原级十 than\的结构表示，也可以用“not as/so...as...” This room is less beautiful than that one. 3）两者选择：Who / Which + be +比较级 , A or B ?Who is taller, Tom or John? Which is more expensive, a bicycle or a computer?

4） ~ + be + the 比较级 + of the two. (两个之中比较…的那一个，~包含在两个之中) Tom is the taller of the two. = Tom is taller than the other boy. 2、用于修饰比较级的词：even, any, far, a lot, a bit，much,a little He is much taller than Li Lei . A computer is much more expensive than a bicycle.

3、在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用 that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。 that指物(可数单数名词或者不可数名词)，one既可指人也可指物（可数）． The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk. A box made of iron is stronger than one/that made of wood．

小练习：

1． 本书跟那本书一样有趣。 This book is _____ _____ _____ that one.

2． 你游泳没有你弟弟好。 You can’t swim _____ _____ _____ your brother. 3． 今天比昨天冷的多。 It is _____ ______ today______ it was yesterday.

4． 对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。 This story is _____ ______ ______ than that one. 5． 他比我大两岁。 He is _____ ______ ______ than I.

6． 这个故事不如那个有趣。 This story is _____ _____ _____ than that one. 7． 她的身体状况一天天好起来。 He is getting _____ ______ ______ every day.

8. 他对英语越来越感兴趣。He is becoming ______ _____ _______ _____ ______ English. 9. 他吃的越多，人越胖。 The more he eats, the _______ he gets.

10. 你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Your question is _______ ______ ______ of two

二、as在比较级中的用法。 1、as 用于比较级

1）as +形容词或副词原级+as+比较对象。Tom is as tall as Mike. 2) as +形容词原形+a+名词+as He is as good a student as you. Ms．Sun speaks English as well as you 3）、表示双方不相等时，用\十原级形容词或副词十 as\的结构；“不如” 4）、\倍数十 as十原级形容词或副词十 as\的结构．

e.g. This building doesn’t look so (as) high as that one． This room is three times as large as that one. 2、表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：

1) 、A is three(four，etc) times as big(high，long，wide，etc．) as B．例如：

2) 、Asia is four times as large as Europe，亚洲是欧洲的四倍大．(亚洲比欧洲大三倍．) times一般只表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数．表示两倍可以用 twice或 double 3、the +比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓：越......越...... The harder he works, the happier he feels.

The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。 4、比较级+and+比较级：越来越......

The weather is getting colder and colder.

5、old 的用法： older/oldest 和elder/eldest。elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，描述家

庭人员出生的先后：姐妹/兄弟排行 My elder brother is an engineer.

Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.

描述A比B年龄大多少： My sister is older( than me). 6、far 有两种比较级，farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。 在美语中，father 表示距离，further表示进一步。

I have nothing further to say . I want to go to England to study futher. I jump father than Lucu .

三．形容词和副词最高级的用法：

1、 三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示，副词最高级前the可以省略。最高级中表示比较范围，常用among（同类）, of（同类）, in（不同类：地点范围）引导的介词短语或从句表示。A＋be+ the+最高级+ in/of＋表范围的短语 e.g. He is the tallest boy in our class. He is the oldest of the three. Yesterday was the hottest day of the year. She is one of the most beautiful girls in our school. He works (the) hardest in his class. 2、**形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”。 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.

3、**注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 （错）Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. （对）Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 4、用比较级表示最高级：

“...比较级+than +any other +单数名词”，这种方式表示主语是比较范围外的一员；或者 “比较级+than +other +复数名词”，这种方式表达的是主语是比较范围内的一员。 Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than other students in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class. 5、Who / Which + be +最高级, A, B, or C ?

Which is the most expensive, a bicycle, a motorcycle, or a car?

6、主语 + be + one of the +最高级 +复数名词, 表示\最……的……之一\。

The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河流之一。

7、 \主语+ be +the + 序数词 +最高级 +单数名词 + 范围\表示\是…….的第几……\。 She is the second tallest student in our class. 她是我们班第二高的学生

练习： I.写出所给词的反义词。10分

1.young________ 2. white________3. big__________4. left_________5.fast________6.better___________ 7. longer__________8. thinner_________9. far_____________10. light__________ II. 用所给词的正确形式填空。12分

1. Maria is ________(thin). Lucy is _______(thin) than Mary. 2. Mike is ____________(heavy) boy in his class. 3. Tom is as_________ ( tall) as Jim. 4. I am much _________( well) than yesterday.

5. This skirt is _________( expensive) of the three. 6. The weather today is ________(hot) than it was yesterday. 7. That is ___ (easy ) of all. 8.Today is ___________(busy) day this week.

9.Lucy writes __________________(careful) than her brother. 10. He is ____ (clever ) boy in the class. 11. John is _____ ( short ) than Tom. 12. This box is ____ ( heavy ) than that one. III、根据所给汉语完成句子5分

1. _____ ____exercise you take, _____ _____ (你锻炼越多就会越强壮) you will be. 2. Who jumped _______ (最远) of all in the long jump?

3. Lucy says she will write to you back ____ ____ ____ ______（尽可能快地）。 4. There are ____ ______ ______ (如此多的人) that we can't see each other. 5.-_____ _____ _____ (何时何地) shall we meet? -Let's meet outside the school gate tomorrow afternoon. IV、单项选择25分

( )1. --Tom is the ____ one I want to work with. He is always complaining. -- Be more patient. He is still a good boy.

A. best B. last C. first D. only ( )2. We want to go to Japan to have a ____ study.

A. farther B. farthest C. further D. furthest ( )3. The meeting hall is ____ to hold 5000 people.

A. large enough B. enough large C. so large D. too large ( )4. When spring comes, the trees get ____.

A. green and green B. green and greenerC. greener and green D. greener and greener ( )5. My _____ brother is three years ____ than I .

A. old; older B. elder ; older C. older; elder D. old; elder ( )6. He's ____ to hear the bad news.

A. sorry B. bad C. happy D. well ( )7. The snow is over one meter ____ when it's winter here.

A. long B. high C. thick D. this ( )8. This book is _____ worth seeing again.

A. very B. quite C. well D. much ( )9. My sister sat ____ to me to listen to the story.

A. Close B. Closely C. nearby D. with ( )10. The sports car is running ____, It seems to be flying.

A. fast and fast B. more and fast C. more and faster D. faster and faster ( )11. You run ____ for us to catch up with you.

A . too fast B. so fast C. too slowly D. so slowly ( )12. Don't look _____ the window? We're having a class.

A. out of B out from C. down of D. out. ( )13. This year our school is ____ than it was last year.

A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful C. the most beautiful D. beautiful ( )14. _____ the ground is, ____ air becomes.

A. The high; the thin B. The highest; the thinnest C. The higher; the thiner D. The higher; the thinner ( )15. John is ____ of the two boys.

A. tall B. tallest C. the tallest. D. the taller. ( )16. -Why does Peter like moon cakes with nuts instead of the ones with eggs? -Because he thinks the moon cakes with nuts are ____.

A. cheap B. dear C. worse D. nicer ( )17. She is ____ than I

A. a head taller B. a taller head C. taller a head D. head taller ( )18. Paris is one of _____ cities in the world.

A. more beautifully B. more beautiful C. the most beautifully D. the most beautiful ( )19. Shanghai is the first _____ city in China.

A. big B. biggest C. the big D. the biggest ( )20. -Mr Zhou, of all the students in our group, who lives ___? -I think Li Lei does. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farther ( )21. Bob never does his homework _____ Mary, he makes lots of mistakes.

A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as. ( )22. My sister is good at sports, She can jump ____ than me.

A. highest B. very high C. too high D. much higher ( )23.The Yellow River is one of ___ in China.

A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest river D. the long river ( )24.I don't feel ___ to go to work today. I'm ill.

A. good enough B. well enough C. enough well D. enough good ( )25.Be quiet, class! I have ___ to tell you.

A. important anything B. important something C. anything important D. something important V、同义句转换 16分

1. Math is the most difficult of all the subjects. Math is ____ difficult than _____ other subject. Math is _____ difficult than _____ other subjects.

2. Joe isn't as tall as Lucy. Joe is _____ than Lucy. 3. Kate is 10 years old. Tom is 12 years old. Kate is ____ _____ _____ _____ Tom.

Tom is ____ ______ _____ _____ Kate.

4.The bag is too expensive for me to buy. The bag is _____ _____ ______for me to buy.

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