(敌对的) behavior by stressing bad news. \found that the news people are exposed to either encourages them to concentrate on the differences between themselves and others, or on the common problems that make them feel, 'We're all in this together,'\human being helping another … brings out feelings of trust and cooperation. But news about one person actually doing harm to another changes our estimate of other people for the worse.\In an early experiment in 1968, Dr. Hornstein and his associates, who had been dropping wallets (钱包) for two years to test the honesty of people, discovered that on June 4, 1968, not one wallet was returned. \was the night Robert F. Kennedy was shot,\he recalled. \wallet to a stranger. \stressed, citing the date of July 4, 1976, America's Bicentennial (两百年的) celebration. \that day, we all felt safe and good. Being American was the thing. We all felt as if we all belonged together.\support these conclusions. In one experiment, 60 subjects were exposed to good news, bad news or music. Then they were told to play a game with a non-existent person supposedly in another room. It was a game of choice that emphasized cooperation or competition. After hearing good news, the overwhelming majority, 91 percent, played cooperatively. But after hearing bad news, competitive responses were over three times as high – up to 28 percent, from 9 percent. \said Dr. Hornstein, \place than we assumed before we saw that TV violence. And we'll deal with the next individual we come upon as if he is part of that grim (冷酷的) picture of humanity. After the good news, it's the reverse.\
46. According to the findings of researchers at Columbia University, when people hear good news, they feel ________. A.Happier
B.more kindly toward others C.safer than they really are D.more competitive
47. Dr. Harvey Hornstein found that when people hear news about one person actually doing harm to another, they tend to ________. A.regard other people as worse than they really are B.treat total strangers as suspects of cruel crimes C.become hostile towards neighbors and friends D.think about the common problems facing mankind
48.What did Dr. Harvey Hornstein and his associates discover on the night
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of June 4, 1968?
A.Robert F. Kennedy was shot. B.Their wallets were lost.
C.People in America suddenly became dishonest. D.Nobody returned the wallets they dropped.
49.We can infer from the passage that on July 4, 1976, most probably ________.
A.people drank and sang and danced
B.lost wallets were returned to their owners C.everybody wanted to be American
D.even criminals were friendly to others
50.We can conclude from the passage that ________.
A.violence on TV leads to more violence on the streets
B.broadcasters should emphasize good news rather than bad news C.the world is a dirtier place than we assume it to be
D.people are more competitive when they are faced with challenges
Passage Three Questions 81 to 85 are based on the following passage: Laura walked towards the man. \
\stared at Laura for a few seconds, and then grinned. \inside and warm up.\
\know if you're interested in selling your dog.\
\a few seconds, then suddenly stopped. \was just joking about the worthless part. He's a pretty good dog. Yeah, I might be interested.\
\you're too fond of him. I mean he's tied up outside. I don't see any food or water.\ \said he was a trained guard dog. Trouble is the stupid thing doesn't even bark when strangers come around. But then I guess that wouldn't matter to you. You're probably just looking for a pet, huh?\ \well here's your chance to get rid of him. I'll give you twenty dollars.\ He snorted (哼着鼻子说). \expect me to sell a purebred guard dog for twenty dollars? Fifty dollars. That's my price. You bring me fifty dollars, honey, and you got yourself a dog.\ Laura shook her head. \with the money.\Breakfast forgotten, she searched for and found a cash machine four blocks away. I can't afford this, she
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thought as she punched the numbers into the machine. The dog will need a vet (兽医) and where am I going to get the money for that? Her fears faded (消退) as she pictured the dog, curled up, not outside on the cold, hard ground, but in front of a glowing fireplace. Blue ceramic bowls filled with food and water sat in the corner of the kitchen, and she saw him, head held high, matching her stride (大步) on their daily walk.
With the money in her purse she hurried back to the man's house. 51. Why did Laura walk up to the man?
A)To ask him where she could buy a pet. B)To see if she could buy his dog. C)To give him a morning greeting.
D)To ask him to let her in and warm up.
52. For what purpose had the man bought the dog? A)To protect his home.
B)To get rid of his loneliness. C)To breed pet dogs. D)To make money.
53.When Laura left home in the morning, she was most probably going ________. A)to take a walk B)to get her breakfast C)to get some cash D)to buy the man's dog
54. Judging from the passage, Laura is ________. A)a very rich lady B)a rather poor girl
C)an animal protectionist D)a social worker
55. How come Laura's worry about money faded?
A)The dog will lead a happy life under her good care.
B)She will soon get a good job and earn money to pay the vet. C)She will have a guard dog beside her as she takes a walk.
D)She's got the money in her purse to pay for the pet she desired.
Passage Four Questions 86 to 90 are based on the following passage: (6%)
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Kaleil Isaza Tuzman moved to the United States from Columbia when he was 15. Within a few years he was pushing to get ahead, hawking (叫卖) baseball caps to pay the bills his Harvard scholarship didn't cover.
After graduating, he landed on Wall Street, but every night he dreamed of working for himself. During the booming (繁荣的) 1990s, he gave it a try when he and a partner started govWorks – a software company that helped city government go online.
They raised $60 million and expanded like crazy. Then dotcoms started turning into dotbombs – govWorks broke up too. Says Isaza Tuzman, \创业人) have to be ready for both success and failure. In Columbia if you fail, you become a pariah and no one will do business with you. The wonderful thing about this country is you can get up again.\
From national parks to moon landings, America has given the world some amazing ideas. But the American Dream is still the biggest – the idea that with hard work and a bit of luck you can be whoever you want to be. Historian James Truslow Adams once wrote that Americans believe \for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.\ These days there's pressure on the dream idea. A 1978 study of boys born and raised after World War II found an astonishing 23% of the poorest had reached the top of the income heap by 1973. Now, in a typical generation, only 10% work their way from bottom to top. But every day, some still do make it. After govWorks went bankrupt, Isaza Tuzman built on what he had learned. His new company, Recognition Group, restructures (重组) firms and finds them venture capital – nearly $150 million so far. Last year, \Not bad for a dreamer, in a country built on dreams.
56. What did Kaleil Isaza Tuzman dream of after graduating from college? A)Working in the Wall Street stock market. B)Starting a business of his own. C)Climbing to the top of society. D)Entering the IT industry. 57. The word \in \… if you fail, you become a pariah\(Para. 3) most likely means \
A)a person who has no future B)a person to be pitied C)a person to be condemned D)a person to be avoided
58. What does the author mean by the American Dream? A)Everyone can reach the top of the social ladder.
B)People will have a better, richer, and fuller life than their parents. C)A lucky poor boy can move to the top if he works hard. D)Everyone enjoys equal opportunity and share in the wealth.
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59. Which of the following statements is true of the American Dream these days? A)It is becoming more and more difficult for one to work their way from the bottom to the top.
B)More and more people are feeling the pressure to work harder in order to realize their dreams.
C)It is becoming more and more unpopular because few people today can move up the social ladder.
D)If one works hard enough, he will eventually make his dreams come true.
60. To Kaleil Isaza Tuzman, the wonderful thing about America is that ________. A)there is equal opportunity for everyone B)everyone can get rich if they work hard
C)you can get capital if you want to start a business D)you can start all over again after failure
Passage Five Questions 91-95 are based on the following passage: (8%)
How do young children learn to have good values? How can parents teach their children about the importance of kindness, patience, and self-discipline? At a time when more and more parents worry about the negative and violent images (暴力形象) their children see on TV, in the movies and, on the Internet, some are turning to fairy tales (童话) as a way to teach their young ones how to behave in society.
Fairy tales were not always intended for children. We know this because some of these stories have existed for hundreds of years and were passed down from generation to generation through songs and drama. They were considered
entertainment for everyone, not only for young people. In these ancient stories, the heroes were extremely clever, fiercely independent, and never gave up. Over the years, some of the heroes' qualities and story lines have been changed to fit the times.
Psychologists think that fairy tales have a positive influence on children because they present the two sides of good and evil very clearly. When children hear the stories, they develop sympathetic feelings for the heroic characters. In each tale, they can see that there are many different kinds of people in the world and that we all have a choice about what kind of person we want to be. We can choose to do good actions, rather than bad ones, in our lives.
What kind of values can children learn from fairy tales? In \and the Pea,\a poorly dressed girl who insists she is a princess is given a difficult test by the Queen. When she passes the test, we learn that she is rewarded because she stayed true to herself. In \Little Mermaid,\the mermaid (美人鱼) who lives
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