180万吨厚板轧钢车间设计 毕业设计

学 号：200xxxxx0228

HEBEI POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

课程设计说明书

题目：年产180万吨厚板车间设计

学生姓名：蔡x

专业班级：0xxx（2）班 学 院：

指导教师： 教授

2010年3月12日

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河北理工大学 课程设计 引言

引言

在现代社会的国民经济中，钢铁生产占据着很重要的地位。钢铁材料的用途十分广泛，不论农业、工业、还是国防；也不论是原材料工业、矿山、煤炭、水电、石油、化工、还是铁路、交通、机械、建材及其他部门，都需要有质量优良，品种齐全，数量足够的钢铁。

中厚宽板广泛用于机器制造、造船、建筑、桥梁、容器罐以及大直径输送管线等部门，宽度越大，轧辊挠度越大，轧制平直钢板的困难越大。

我国2300mm中板轧机生产过最小4mm厚中板。邯钢2800mm中板轧机是由德国引进的二手设备，在德国曾生产过3×2500mm钢板。

目前，国外宽厚板轧机轧制最小厚度定为4.5mm的居多，特别是日本几乎所有轧机均定为4.5mm。我国新建轧机最少都定为5mm，少数定为6mm，先进性自然就差一些。 生产厚度4mm以下中板时，钢板轧制长度要在20m以下，因此，坯料单重受到很大限制，除加热炉炉型受限制外，轧制成薄中板的输送也是很大问题，辊道辊距为1000mm时钢板塌下到辊道盖板上，钢板在辊子上打滑便输送不了.

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河北理工大学 课程设计 目录

目 录

绪 论 ····························································································································································· 1 1 轧机比较和选择············································································································································ 4

1.1 轧机类型及其布置得比较 ··················································································································· 4

1.1.1 单机架轧机 ······························································································································ 4 1.1.2 双机架轧机 ······························································································································ 5 1.2 厚板轧机选择 ······································································································································ 5

1.2.1 新型轧机 ·································································································································· 5 1.2.2 轧机选择 ·································································································································· 6

2 压下规程和辊型设计 ···································································································································· 8

2.1 压下规程设计 ······································································································································ 8

2.1.1轧制道次 ··································································································································· 8 2.1.2 各道次压下量分配 ··················································································································· 8 2.1.3速度制度 ································································································································· 12 2.1.4温度制度 ································································································································· 12 2.1.5 力能参数计算 ························································································································ 12 2.2 典型产品30mmQ235厚板生产压下规程设计 ···················································································· 14 2.3 辊型设计 ··········································································································································· 17 第3章 轧制图表和年产量计算 ····················································································································· 20

3.1 轧制图表 ··········································································································································· 20

3.1.1 研究轧机工作图表的意义 ····································································································· 20 3.1.2 轧制图表的基本形式及其特征 ······························································································ 20 3.2 年产量的计算 ···································································································································· 23

3.2.1 轧机小时产量计算 ················································································································· 24 3.2.2轧钢机平均小时产量 ·············································································································· 24 3.2.3 年产量的计算 ························································································································ 26 3.2.4 影响轧机产量的因素 ············································································································· 27

第4章 轧辊强度及主电机能力的校核 ········································································································· 29

4.1 轧辊强度校核 ···································································································································· 29

4.1.1 支撑辊校核 ···························································································································· 29 4.1.2 工作辊的校核 ························································································································ 31 4.1.3 接触应力计算 ························································································································ 31 4.2 主电机能力校核 ································································································································ 33

4.2.1 主电机的功率计算 ················································································································· 34 4.2.2轧机电机能力校核 ·················································································································· 34 校核电动机的过载条件为： Mman·············································································· 35 x/nH?KGMH。 ·6 板凸度和弯辊 ··············································································································································· 36 6.1 板型控制理论 ····································································································································· 36 6.2 板型控制策略 ····································································································································· 37 6.3 板凸度计算 ········································································································································· 37 6.4 影响辊缝形状的因素 ························································································································· 38

6.4.1 轧辊挠度计算 ·························································································································· 39 6.4.2 轧辊热膨胀对辊缝的影响 ······································································································· 40

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河北理工大学 课程设计 目录 6.4.3 轧辊的磨损对辊缝的影响 ······································································································· 41 6.4.4 原始辊型对辊缝的影响 ··········································································································· 41 6.4.5 入口板凸度对辊缝的影响 ······································································································· 42 6.5 弯辊装置 ············································································································································ 42

6.5.1 弯曲工作辊 ······························································································································ 42 6.5.2 弯曲支撑辊 ······························································································································ 43 6.6 CVC轧机的抽动量计算 ····················································································································· 43 参考文献 ··························································································································································· 36

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河北理工大学 课程设计 绪论

绪 论

在现代社会的国民生产中，钢铁生产占据着很重要的地位。钢铁材料的用途十分广泛，不论农业、工业、还是国防；也不论是原材料工业、矿山、煤炭、水电、石油、化工、还是铁路、交通、机械、建材及其他部门，都需要有质量优良，品种齐全，数量足够的钢铁。

在钢铁产品当中，中厚板是重要种类之一，目前全球中厚板年产量约为1.2亿吨，占世界钢材总产量的14.8%左右。我国的生产能力约为3500万吨，约占当年全国钢材的总产量的14％左右。

1）中厚板生产的发展历史

中厚板生产的发展历史至今大约200年。18世纪初，西欧在二辊周期式薄板轧机上生产小块中板。

欧洲的国家中厚板生产也是较早的。1910年捷克维特科委采哥特瓦德钢铁公司投产了一套4500mm二辊式中厚板轧机。意大利、西班牙等国也相继投产了多套中厚板轧机。这些轧机都是用于生产机器和兵器用钢板，多数为二次大战备战的需要。

二战后，机器制造、造船、建筑、桥梁、容器罐以及大直径输送管线等部门的发展，对中厚板需求量和质量提出了更高的要求。因此，50年代发达国家除完成大量技术改造外，还新建了一批4060mm以下低刚度轧机。60年代以4700mm为主大刚度的双机架轧机，实现了控制轧制，提高了中厚板质量，并掌握了中厚板生产的计算机控制。70年代发展到5500mm为主的特宽型的单机架轧机，以满足石油和天然气等长距离输送所需大直径管线用板。80年代由于中厚板使用部门的萧条，中厚板产量下降，西欧、日本和美国都关闭了一批中厚板轧机。虽然世界上中厚板轧机套数少了，但轧机的素质和生产技术确提高了。现今，中厚板轧机代表着一个国家的轧机水平。现在大规格、高质量中厚板需求量的增加，更是加快了设备工艺落后、小规格中厚板轧机的淘汰，同时，也加速了现代化大型中厚板厂的兴建。

我国第一套中厚板轧机是在1936年鞍山钢铁公司建成的2300mm三辊劳特式轧机。 近几年来，在全国中厚板轧机改造的同时新建轧机的工作也比较顺利。宝钢和沙钢的两套5500mm厚板轧机正在加紧施工，舞钢、济钢及邯钢等厂完善厚板精整设备。经过50年的建设和生产，我国已形成了较强的中厚板生产能力。但是，与国外先进的中厚钢板生产相比，归纳起来还有以下5条主要的差距：

1)厚板连铸比低。目前只存百分之十几，大部分以初轧坯和小钢锭为原料，日本的厚板连铸比已达92％以上。

2)轧机性能差。轧机规格尺寸小，轧机性能低、宽厚板轧机少，还缺少5m左右的特宽厚板轧机。 ，

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