初升高英语衔接学习第1讲(4)

1.用作人称代词,代替前文提到的事情。 This bike is not mine. It‘s Peter‘s. 2.用以代替提示代词this, that

—What is this? —It‘s a pen. —Whose book is that? —It‘s Mike‘s. 3．起指示代词的作用,指一个人或事物

—Who is knocking at the door? —It‘s me.

—Who is making such a noise. —It must be the children. 4.指环境情况等。

It was very quiet at the moment. 5.指时间，季节，天气，气候等

—What time is it? —It is eight o‘clock. It often rains in summer. 6.指距离

It is five kilometers from the office to my home. 7.作形式主语

当动词不定式,动名词或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用it作句子的形式主语

It is not easy to finish the work in two days. It is no use crying over split milk.

It is a pity that you didn‘t read the book.. It 作形式主语的常见句型：

1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为 (1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.

此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous…

例 It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. (2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth.

此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy. 例 It?s kind of you to help me with the problem. 2.It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型 It?s no good/use doing… It?s (well)worth doing…

It?s (well)worth one?s while doing/to do… It?s (well)worth while doing/ to do 例 It?s no use crying over spilt milk. 3. It替代作主语的从句常见句型 (1) It is + noun +从句

例 It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office. (2) It is adj. +clause

It?s surprising that… (should)………竟然……

It?s a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然……

例 It?s important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness。 (3) It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause

It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze /bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that…

例 It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.) (4) It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do

(verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)

例 It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.) (5) It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do

(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know）

例 It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.)

(6) It is v-ed that … (should)…

(verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend 例 It is suggested that they should begin with the third question.

8.形式宾语

当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,动名词,宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面,而用it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前

I think it no use arguing with him.

I found it very interesting to study English.

He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. It 作形式宾语的常见句型：

1. verb+ it+ adj./noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)

例 I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that you?ll do the task on your own.

2. verb+it+adj./noun (one?s) doing (adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=no use/no good/worth one?s while/a waste of time/money/energy/words) (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)

例 I?ll make it worth your while telling me about his secret.

3. verb+it+ important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential that … (should)… verb+it+of much/great/no/little importance that…(should)… (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…) 例 I think it important that you (should) attendthe conference.

4. verb + it+ as+ noun/adj.+ clause (verb=accept, regard, take, see, view)

例 The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture.

5. v. +it + prep. + that…

owe it to sb. that…把…归功于…

leave it to sb that…把…留给某人去做

take it for granted that …想当然 keep it in mind that…

例 Don?t bother to arrange anything. Just leave it to me to sort out.

6. It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好恶的动词后，enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, don?t mind, be fond of, feel like, see to 宾语从句紧跟it之后 例 I hate it you can swim so well and I can?t.

7. It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面，宾语从句紧跟it之后（except that例外） 例 I?m for it that you will follow their advice.

9.用于强调结构

要强调句子的某一部分(通常是主语,状语,宾语), 可以把it 当作先行词.这种句子的结构是 ―It is(was)+被强调部分+that (who )+句子的其余部分‖ .如果强调的部分是人,可用who whom 代替that

I met an old friend in the park yesterday. 此句各部分被强调后句型如下：

It was I who /that met an old friend in the park yesterday.

It was an old friend who/ that/whom I met in the park yesterday. It was in the park that I met an old friend yesterday. It was yesterday that I met an old friend in the park. 练习

〖10全国Ⅱ〗The doctor thought ___________would be good for you to have a holiday. A. this B. that C. one D. it

〖10辽宁〗The fact that she was foreign made _____difficult for her to get a job in that country A so B. much C. that D. it

〖10山东〗Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age. A. it B. that C. what D. one 〖10陕西〗The cost of renting a house in central Xi‘an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city.

A. that B. this C. it D. one

〖09四川〗I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don‘t have enough money to buy__________. A. one B. it C. this D. that 〖09浙江〗－I‘ve read another book this week.

－Well, maybe _____ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. A. this B. that C. there D. it 〖08湖南〗Our nerghbors gave _____ a baby bird yesterday that hurt ______ when it fell from its nest.

A. us,it B. us,itself C. ourselves, itself D. ourselves, it 〖08江西〗Isn‘t it amazing how the human body heals _______after an injury? A. himself B. him C. itself D. it 〖07全国II〗___ felt funny watching myself on TV. A. One B. This C. It D. That

〖07天津〗He didn‘t make ________ clear when and where the meeting would be held.

A. this B. that C. it D. these 〖07山东〗_______ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.

A．This B．That C．What D．It 〖07江西〗I don‘t mind her criticizing me, but is how she does it that I object to.? A. it B.that C.this D.which

〖07陕西〗—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ? —No, I‘d rather buy in the bookstore. A.it;one B.one;one C.one;it D.it;it

〖07 辽宁〗The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than ____ in the newspaper.

A. it B. those C. one D. that 〖07 浙江〗—He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller. —When was _____?

—_____ was in 2000 when he was still in college.

A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It 〖06全国I〗If I can help_______, I don't like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them 〖06浙江〗 is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.? A.As B.That C.This D.It

〖06湖南〗As the busiest woman in Norton, she made_________her duty to look after all the other people‘s affairs in that town.

A.this B.that C.one D.it

〖06山东〗I‘d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that B. it C. this D. you

〖06安徽〗Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed ________ to ________ and then posted it at the nearby post office．

A．it; her B．it; herself C．herself; her D．herself; herself

〖05NMET〗It wasn‘t until nearly a month later ______ I received the manager‘s reply. A. since B. when C. as D. that

〖05全国II〗The chairman thought_____ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.

A. that B. it C. this D. him

〖05全国Ⅲ〗The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _______ didn‘t help.

A．it B．she C．which D．he

〖05上海〗_______ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.

A. What is required B. what requires C. It is required D. It required

〖05天津〗I prefer a flat in Inverness to ______in Perth, because I want to live near my Mom‘ s. A. one B. that C. it D. this

〖05江西〗Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _______ than mobile phones do.

A．one B．ones C．it D．those

〖05浙江〗We‘ve been looking at the houses but haven‘t found _________ we like yet.

A．one B．ones C．it D．them 〖05湖北〗He hasn‘t slept at all for three days. _____ he is tired out.

A. There is no point B. There is no need C. It is no wonder D. It is no way 〖04全国I〗I like _______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one 〖04全国I〗—Do you like _____ here?

—Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. A. this B. these C. that D. it

〖04全国III〗We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made ___ from some wood. A. it B. one C. himself D. another 〖04湖北〗It was_____back home after the experiment.

A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn‘t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn‘t go 〖04福建〗It was with great joy _____ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. A. because B. which C. since D. that

〖04上海〗Why! I have nothing to confess. _____ you want me to say?

A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that

〖04北京〗The foreign minister said, ―_____ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.‖

A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is 〖04江苏〗--- How long are you staying?

--- I don‘t know. _____.

A. That‘s OK B. Never mind C. It depends D. It doesn‘t matter 〖03 NMET〗—There‘s coffee and tea; you can have _____. —Thanks.

A. either B. each C. one D. it

〖03上海〗It is these poisonous products_____can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.

A. who B. that C. how D. what

〖03上海〗It is pretty well understood_____controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.

A. that B. when C. what D. how

〖03上海春〗It was because of bad weather _____the football match had to be put off. A. so B. so that C. why D. that

〖02上海〗Since you have repaired my Tv set, ______ is no need for me to buy a new one. A. it B. there C. this D. that 〖02 北京〗--- When shall we start? --- Let‘s _____ it at 8:30. Is that all right?

A. set B. meet C. make D. take 〖02北京春〗—He was nearly drowned once. —When was _____ ?

—_____ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.

A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This

〖01NMET〗The Parkers bought a new house but _____ will need a lot of work before they can

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