电化学方法合成聚苯胺 - 图文(8)

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年产十万吨丁二烯工艺设计

摘 要

丁二烯是石油化工基础中重要的有机原料，是制造合成橡胶、合成树脂、尼龙等物质的原料。同时还可用于生产汽油添加剂和粘接剂等。随着全球工业化的发展，国内外对于丁二烯的需求量日益增加，从而使丁二烯的生产技术得到不断地发展，目前生产丁二烯的方法主要有三种:乙腈法，二甲基酰胺法以及NMP法。本次毕业设计结合某化工场采用乙腈法年产8万吨丁二烯工艺，同时完成了整个工序的物料衡算，对精馏段工程进行了严格的设备计算，包括热量衡算，泡露点，回流比以及理论板的计算确定了塔高、塔径。对塔的换热器进行了详细计算选型。并绘制了带控制点的工艺流程图等。将大学四年所学到的知识与实际紧密结合起来，在能够保证经济效益和生产安全的基础上，更好的通过技术改造来合理的利用国家资源。

关键词：丁二烯，乙腈法，萃取精馏

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Abstract Butadiene is an important basic organnic raw material on petrochemical ， is the raw material for producing synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, nylon and other materials. Meanwhile it also can be used to produce gasoline additives and adhesive. With the development of global industrialization, The current production of butadiene plant there are three main methods:acetonitrile method, dimethylformamide law and NMP method. This graduation design reaearch is accomplished based on the process of technology provided by a organic chemical plant,which used acetonitrile-based method to produce butadiene on a scale of 80.000 tons yearly. At the same time the design is completed the entire process of material balance, and from the reorganization of rectifying section to carry out a rigorous calculation of the equipment including the heat balance, the bubble point, reflux ratio and theoretical plate calculations to determine the tower, the tower diameter. On the tower carried out a detailed calculation of heat exchanger selection and drawn with the process control point plan, Combine the four-year universities have learned knowledge with practical work closely.Under ensure economic efficiency and safety, find more better ways to use national resources through technical transformation.

Key words : Butadiene, acetonitrile method,extractive distillation

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目录

第一章 绪 论 ....................................................... 6 摘 要 ............................................................. 1 Abstract ........................................................... 2 1.2 丁二烯的用途.................................................... 1 1.3 国内外正产状况.................................................. 1 1.3.1 丁二烯制取方法...................................................................................................... 28 1.3.2 国内丁二烯生产技术 .............................................................................................. 9 1.3.3 国外丁二烯生产技术 .............................................................................................. 9 第二章 化工生产原料情况 ........................................... 18 2.1 原料状况....................................................... 18 2.2 原料、辅助物料、成品的主要技术特征............................. 19 2.2.1原料规格 ................................................... 19 2.2.2工艺条件 .................................................................................................................... 19 2.2.3 丁二烯的性质 .......................................................................................................... 20

2.3 产品质量.......................................................16

2.3.1 产品主要质量指标及执行的标准、分析方法.....................17

2.3.2 副产品主要的质量指标及执行的标准、分析方法.................17

2.4 生产工艺....................................................17

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2.4.1 萃取精馏系统............................................17

2.4.2 水洗回收工序............................................17

2.5 三废处理及防火防爆..........................................17

2.5.1 三废处理................................................17

2.5.2 防火防爆................................................17

2.6分析项目一览表...............................................17

第三章 生产工艺原理及流程...........................................15

3.1设计原理.....................................................15

3.2流程简述.....................................................15

第四章 物料衡算.....................................................18

4.1 设计基础数据................................................18

4.1.1进料组成...................................................18

4.1.2工艺条件...................................................18

4.1.3 产品规格...................................................18 第三章 结果与讨论 ................................................. 21 3.1 苯胺单体浓度对成膜的影响 ......................................................................................... 21

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